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The Potential Of Nickel Slag with Humic Substance Addition as Ameliorating Materials on Gajrug Red-Yellow Podzolic Febrianti Rosalina; Dyah Tjahyandari; Darmawan Darmawan
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 1 (2018): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Nickel slag and humic substance have a strong potential for use as soil ameliorants in land remediation, owing to their chemical properties that can improve acidic soils. This study aimed to determine their effect on red-yellow podzolic soil. This greenhouse incubation study used a 2-factorial completely randomized design. Factor 1 was nickel slag at 4levels (0, 8, 12, and 16 ton ha-1), while Factor 2 was humic substance at 3 levels (0, 15, and 30 litre ha-1), with 3 replications. Statistical analysis of the data used analysis of variance, and whenever a significant difference was detected, further verification was tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at a level of significance (α) of 5%. The results showed that the application of nickel slag and humic substance can increase the values of pH, total-N, available-P, and exchangeable-Mg of the red-yellow podzolic soil, but also decreased exchangeable-H. The interactive effects of nickel slag and humic substance can raise soil K-exchangeable only. The levels of heavy metals (Pb, Cd and As) in the soil after the application of nickel slag and humic substance remain within normal limits that is, they are environmentally safe for use as a soil ameliorant

Characteristics of Biochars from Plant Biomass Wastes at Low-Temperature Pyrolysis Liska Mutiara Septiana; Gunawan Djajakirana; Darmawan Darmawan
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 1 (2018): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The effects of biochar as soil ameliorants depend on their characteristics that are influenced by the variation in biomass origin and pyrolysis process. In this context, the objective of this study was to determine the chemical and physical characteristics of seven biochar derived from different biomass wastes - rice husk, corn cob, empty oil palm fruit bunch, bagasse, and sawdust of albazia (Albizzia falcataria), maesopsis (Maesopsis eminii), and mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) at two low-pyrolysis temperatures (250 and 350 oC). The results showed that the percentage of biochar yield decreased at higher temperature level. However, the increased thermal decomposition of plant biomass wastes (at 350 oC) resulted in higher pH, as well as ash, C, N content of the biochar; but it did not significantly affect nutrient availability. Biochar from wood waste had more C and Ca content. Biochar from rice husk produced the highest ash content, while biochar from empty oil palm fruit bunch yielded the highest pH value, and possessed more nutrients than all the others. Increasing pyrolysis temperature from 250 to 350 oC resulted in greater biochar surface area and total pore volume but produced smaller average pore radius.

The Effects of Rice Husk Ash and Dolomite on Soybean Yield at Latosol Soil Aditya Perdanatika; Suntoro Suntoro; Pardjanto Pardjanto
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 1 (2018): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The aim of this research is to evaluate the effects ofrice husk ash and dolomite application on soybean yield at latosol soil. This research was conducted at a plastic house from September to December 2016. This research employed Factorial Randomized Complete Design with two factors and three replications. The first factor is the dosage of rice husk ash, consisted of four levels (0 (control), 3.75 ton ha-1, 7.5 ton ha-1 and 15 ton ha-1), and the second factor is the dosage of dolomite consisted of three levels (0 (control), 250 and 500 kg ha-1, respectively). The results found that the application of 15 tons ha-1 rice husk significantly affected the number of full pods and total pods, but did not affect the number of the empty pods. The application of 3.75 tons ha-1 husk ash increased the seed weight and weight of 20 dry seeds. It was also found that the higher the rice husk ash dose applied, the more root nodules produced.

Characterization of Humic Substance Extracted from Andisols, Spodosols, Peat, and Lignite Eka Rahmi; Suwardi Suwardi; Basuki Sumawinata
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 1 (2018): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Soil and other materials with high C-organic content are potential natural sources of humic substances. Until now the differences in the characteristics of such humic substances that are extracted from different sources have not been widely studied. Thus, this study was aimed to characterize humic substances extracted from andisols, spodosols, peat, and lignite. The highest C-organic (48.8%) and N (7.6%) were obtained from peat and spodosols, respectively. The andisols humic substance produced the highest total acidity (6.52 cmol kg-1). Humic substance extracted from spodosols was a mostly aliphatic group and phenolate –OH, while that of andisols and lignite contained more aromatic group and phenolate –OH, whereas the humic substance from peat was a predominantly aliphatic group and –COOH. The surface morphology of the humic substances observed using SEM showed varying densities and shapes due to differences in their respective degree of decomposition and the formation process involved. There has been significant interest in investigating the different characteristics of the humic substance. The type humic substances are important to be known considering of their positive effects on soil fertility and plant growth and development.

Land Suitability Evaluation for Upland Rice in Tirtomoyo District, Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia Nur Aida Suheri; Mujiyo Mujiyo; Hery Widijanto
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 1 (2018): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Food cultivation, especially upland rice is needed to fulfill the needs of dryland food. It is necessary to evaluate the suitability of the land so that it can overcome land constraints to increase the productivity of upland rice in Tirtomoyo Regency. The unit of analysis is Soil Mapping Unit based on soil type map using ArcGIS 10.1 and determination of sample point based on purposive sampling method. Data analysis was done by matching between the result of soil characteristic which has been obtained with growth requirement of the upland rice. Based on the results, District Tirtomoyo divided into 4 Soil Mapping Unit. The actual land suitability class for upland rice is moderately suitable (S2) and not suitable (N). Limiting factors include rainfall, slope, erosion hazard, basic saturation, CEC, C-organic, N-total, K2O. Improvement efforts are done by arranging cropping pattern, drainage management, a making of terracing, cover crop planting, implementing organic material, and fertilizing. The suitability class of potential land of upland rice is highly suitable (S1) and marginally suitable (S3).

Potential Production of CH4 And N2O in Soil Profiles from Organic and Conventional Rice Fields Arif Anshori; Bambang Hendro Sunarminto; Eko Haryono; Mujiyo Mujiyo
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 1 (2018): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The horizons in soil profile will determine the magnitude of greenhouse gas production due to the difference of total organic carbon and other chemical properties. This study aimed to determine the potential production of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in each horizon of soil profile from organic and conventional rice fields. Soil samples which were taken from Imogiri Bantul D.I. Yogyakarta were used to determine soil properties, the potential of CH4, and N2O productions. The correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the production of CH4 and N2O with soil properties. The results showed that production of CH4 and N2O will be decreased with the increase of soil depth. Production of CH4 and N2O was higher in organic rice field than in conventional rice field. The total organic carbon (TOC) correlated positively with CH4-production (r=0.89, P<0.001, n=8) and N2O-production (r=0.87, P<0.001, n=8). The nitrogen content also correlated positively with CH4-production (r=0.87, P<0.001, n=8) and N2O-production (r=0.94, P<0.001, n=8). Mitigation of CH4 and N2O emissions should consider of C and N in the soil.

Study of Soil Degradation Status at Jatipurno District, Keduang Sub-Watersheds, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Apriani Widiatiningsih; Mujiyo Mujiyo; Suntoro Suntoro
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 1 (2018): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

This study is aimed to evaluate soil degradation based on Standard Criteria of Soil Degradation for Biomass Production under Indonesian Government Regulation No. 150 in 2000. Conducted at Jatipurno District, Keduang Sub-Watersheds, between October and December 2016, at seven selected land units, each land unit is represented by four sample points. The selection of sampling area is according to Stratified Purposive Sampling method. The evaluation of soil degradation is carried out by determining the threshold value and key factors of soil characteristics based on the Standard Criteria of Soil (matching process), which lead to degradation. The results showed that the entire soil at Jatipurno District is slightly degraded. The most extensive soil degradation 2,869.31 ha area (69.60%) is caused by a low colloid fraction, high bulk density, low total porosity and low soil permeability. The soil degradation mostly caused by low soil permeability which the number is under critical threshold < 0.7 cm hour-1 in the entire land units. Implementing providing organic matter to the soil, planting variations of cover crops, on land plots (low, medium, high cover crops), land management by crop rotation and intercropping, minimum tillage in accordance with the rules of environmental conservation, can be done to minimize the soil degradation.

Enhancing Chromium Phytostabilization Using Chelator (Agrobacterium sp. I26 and Manure) to Support Growth and Quality of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Riani Dwi Utari; Mohammad Masykuri; Retno Rosariastuti
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 2 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

There are many of rice field which is located near the industrial area. The industrial waste contains heavy metals (chromium) which will cause contamination of rice if the waste isn’t treated properly. The used of chemical fertilizers can cause chromium contamination. It needs an effort to do remediation, such as using phytostabilization mechanism. This research aimed to determine the role of chelator in chromium phytostabilization and its influence on the growth and quality of rice. The study was conducted in Waru village, Karanganyar in May to October 2018. This research was factorial design used completely randomized block design with two factors, namely chemical fertilizers and chelator (Agrobacterium sp. I26, and manure). The parameters observed are chromium content and uptake by plant tissues (roots, shoot and rice), plant height and a number of clumps. Research output was without chemical fertilizer-chelator Agrobacterium sp. I26 that can increase the chromium uptake in roots as big as 95.38 %, increased up to 10 % in the shoot and decreased up to 92.38 % in rice compared to control. Application of Agrobacterium sp. I26 can be recommended to produce good quality and quantity of rice (good growth and free from harmful pollutants such as chromium metal).

Ratoon Systems in Tidal Lowland: Study of Groundwater Dynamics and the Change of Nutrient Status on Rice Growth Momon Sodik Imanudin; Bakri Bakri; Raina Jelita
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 2 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

It has been widely known that crop cultivation in tidal lowland areas in the second crop (March-April) is not conducted by farmers in a maximum way. Thus, this research aims at investigating the dynamics of groundwater and its nutrient status condition for the purpose of supporting plant cultivation in the second crop after rice planting. The study was conducted in Banyu Urip Village, Tanjung Lago Telang II, Banyuasin. The plant used in this activity was paddy, with the treatment of a ratoon cultivation system. The ratoon system is paddy cultivation by using the first paddy planting season shoots. A urea treatment was given with a dose of 0 kg/ha (control) and a dose of 150 kg/ha. The results of soil analysis showed that, although not significant, there was an increase in the nutrient status of the soil condition. Therefore, it can be concluded that fertilizing was considered ineffective for the system of ratoon cultivation. The study of groundwater dynamics showed that at the early phase, a groundwater table was dropped above 30 cm (critical) but it could increase by the rain and water retention in the canal. The average of the groundwater table during the ratoon period was at the depth of 5-30 cm below the soil surface, allowing it to be suitable for plant growth. The plant growth at B treatment was better and its production was 2.8 ton/ha. This 2.8 ton/ha plant production was classified as a high category for paddy with the ratoon cultivation system. There is no effect of the fertilizer treatment on the nutrient status in the soil. Moreover, the application of fertilizer did not give a significant result on the production of rice.

Nutrient Release Performance of Starch Coated NPK Fertilizers and Their Effects on Corn Growth Nur Izza Faiqotul Himmah; Gunawan Djajakirana; Darmawan Darmawan
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 2 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

One way to control or slow down the nutrient release rate from fertilizer is by coating technique. Nowadays the use of biodegradable coating materials for slow-release fertilizer (SRF) is preferable because of environmental issues. This research was aimed to make SRF using starches and cellulose as the coating materials and to test the release rate of the nutrients. Five kinds of starches (cassava, corn, sago, wheat, and glutinous rice) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were used as coating material for granulated NPK fertilizer. The coated fertilizers (NPK SRF) were tested for their leaching rate in the soil by percolation experiment. The results showed that the kind of starch used influenced the release rate of the NPK SRFs. The NPK SRF coated with sago starch exhibited slow release rate and low leached nutrients which also resulted in slow growth of corn plant, as expected of SRF. The use of starch and CMC as biodegradable coating materials in this research has a possibility to affect the microbial activity in the soil so that the nutrient release became faster than the uncoated NPK fertilizer.

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Journal Mail Official
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Kota surakarta,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA