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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : 08532788     EISSN : 25277669     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 283 Documents
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ENERGY AS A DEVELOPMENT PREREQUISITE FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIETY Soefjan Tsauri
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4848.405 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v10i1-2.186

Abstract

The concept of energy as a development prerequisite is discussedin view of its role in Indonesia; a large country endowed with richnatural energy resources, with a dominant rural population.Renewable energy resources and their utilization is reviewed.Lessons can be obtained from typical income-generating energyprojects which is relevance for the small and medium scaleenterprises. A study or model of ellergy use in Indonesia using amarket allocation approach is noted, in which its relationship withair pollution issues are analyzed. The allocation of energyresources in Indonesia has the characteristics of a multidimensionalproblem. This is difficult to be resolved satisfactorily, as we knowth at thcis is part of a wider picture of the national development.The strategy includes people-centered initiatives, in anticipationof the open, competitive market in this globalized era. This paperdiscusses also the implication of energy technology developmentto the Indonesian energy economics. Basic issues related to theresearch capability, the priorities, and the allocation of resources(or research and development in Indonesia are also reviewed.Keywords: Indonesia; renewable energy resources; incomegeneratingenergy projects; model of energy use; air pollution;energy technology development.
Preparation of Alkyl Halide as Intermediate Compound in Synthesis Cationic Surfactant Alkyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride Asdani Muatika Sari; Ani Suryani; Puspa Dewi Lotulung; Silvester Tursiloadi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (432.868 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v19i1.327

Abstract

Cationic surfactant alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was synthesized by quartenerisation of tertiary amines. Materials used in quartenerization are tertiary amine and alkyl halide. Alkyl halide is a hydrocarbon derivative in which one or more hydrogen is replaced with halogen. In this research, thionyl chloride is used as a reactant . Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is often used because it is easier to make, the yield is greater and byproducts are volatile. Alkyl halide is synthesized from the reaction of hexadecyl alcohol with thionyl chloride (SOCl2) at a temperature of 80 ° C for 24 hours in a reflux reactor. This study managed to get hexadecyl chloride from the reaction hexadecyl alcohol and thionyl chloride. It can be seen from the results of FTIR, LC/MS and GC/MS
SANTON DARI KULIT BATANG TUMBUHAN ASAM KANDIS (Garcinitz cowa) Darwati Darwati; Anni Aoggraeoi"; Sri AdisumiwiZ
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3145.764 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v14i1.115

Abstract

The genus Garcinia is known to be a rich source of oxygenated xanthone, prenylated xanthone, and polyisoprenylated benzophenones. Some of them exhibiting various biological activities such as antimycrobachterial,antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimalaria activities. Garcinia cowa belonging to the Guttiferaefamily, in Indonesia this plant is locally named asamkandis In our continuing phytochemical investigation of Garcinia plants is found in Indonesia a xanthone cowanine compound has been isolated from the steam bark of Garctnia cowa. The structure of this compound has been determined base on spectroscopic data including uv, lR,J-D NMR, and these are comparedwith the literaturedata.Keywords: Garcinia cowa, xanthone, cowanine
DAYA INHIBISI TRIPSIN BEBERAPA EKSTRAK TANAMAN SUKU LEGUMINOSA Sri Hartati; Hadiman Hadiman
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4051.593 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v4i1.252

Abstract

In search of potensial protease inhibitor, especially those which inhibit trypsin activity, preliminary screening of some plant extracts of Legumlnoceae family has been carried out. From 9 (nine) plant extracts examined, those which gave potential enzyme inhibition, were leaf and bark extracts of Caesalpinia pulcherima, and Caliandra chaemotocepala, and bark extract of Delonic regia, Leucaena glauca, and Sesbanla grandlflora . Thin layer chromatographic analysis of the leaf and barkextracts of the plants considered to have the most potensial inhibitor activity indicated that the active principles were of peptide and polyphenollc compounds.
PENENTUAN LOGAM BESI DAN SENG TOTAL DALAM PRODUK PERIKANAN MENGGUNAKAN FLAME ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY DAN PENGUKURAN NILAI KETIDAKPASTIANNYA Willy Cahya Nugraha; Christine Elishian; Rosi Ketrin
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3300.389 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v16i2.9

Abstract

Besi (Fe) dan Seng (Zn) merupakan unsur yang berguna bagi manusia. Keberadaan logam Fe dan Zn dalam produk perikanan yang cukup kecil (trace), mudah tekontaminasi oleh kondisi lingkungan, dan metoda preparasinya yang komplek menyebabkan penentuan logam Fe dan Zn ini cukup sulit, sehingga perlu dicari suatu metoda uji  yang valid dan akurat. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengembangan metoda standar American of Analytical Chemistry (AOAC) tahun 2005 no. 999.10 dengan menggunakan bahan acuan bersertifikat DORM 3 (Fish Protein Certified Reference Material for Trace Metal) dari National Research Council of Canada (NRCC) untuk menguji keakuratan dan ketertelusuran hasil ke Standard Internasional (SI). Metoda ini sudah divalidasi berdasarkan parameter-parameter kimia analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kadar Fe dan Zn dalam sampel perikanan sebesar 178 ±  14 mg.Kg-1  dan 59,8 ±  6,6 mg.Kg-1 (berat kering) dengan faktor cakupan 2 dan tingkat kepercayaan 95%, yang berada pada rentang yang ditentukan 183,5 ± 4,3 mg Kg-1 and 60 ± 1,1 mg Kg-1.Kata kunci : Fe, Zn, trace, CRM, perikanan Iron (Fe) and Zink (Zn) are  essential elements for human being. Determination of this elements in fish products is quite difficult because of Fe and Zn content  in trace level, easy to be contaminated by the environmental conditions, and, complex preparation methods so that it is needed to find a good and accurate method. In this paper, we have developed a standard method from American of Analytical Chemistry (AOAC), 2005, no. 999. using DORM 3 as Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) to check accuracy and traceability’s results to Standard International (SI). The method has been validated according to analytical parameters.  The results showed that means of Fe and Zn concentration in the investigated fish product were 178 ±  14 mg.Kg-1 and 59.8 ±  6,6 mg.Kg-1 respectively with coverage factor 2 and 95%  level of confident, and  in range of expected mass were 183,5 ± 4,3 mg.Kg-1 and 60 ± 1,1 mg.Kg-1in dry basis.Keywords : Fe, Zn, trace, CRM, fisher
EFEKTIVITAS ESTER SORBITAN UNTUK STABILISASI SARI BUAH Anny Sulaswatti; Siti Isnijah; Hilyati Hilyati; Nuryatini Nuryatini; M Greasia; R Endang; Haryadi Haryadi; Burhanuddin Burhanuddin
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 9, No 1-2 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3708.498 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v9i1-2.191

Abstract

Sorbitan esters is a nonionic surfactant which can be used as stabilizer or emulsifer i.e for food products. Nonionic surfactant is almost completely provided imported.Fatty acid derived from vegetable oil are potential for producing these esters. Indonesia is one of the largest palm oil producers in the world and sorbitol has already be produced in Indonesia, so that is has oppotnity to develop sorbitan ester. The aim this research is to evaluate the application of P3KT sorbitan esters as stabilizer in fruit juicescomparing with available commerical food stabilize.
POTENTIAL OF COGON GRASS AS AN OIL SORBENT Edi Iswanto Wiloso; Vera Barlianti; Irni Fitria Anggraini; Hendris Hendarsyah
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v14i1.121

Abstract

Experiments on the potential of Cogon grass (lmperata cylindrica), a weed harmful to other plants, for use as a low-cost and biodegradable oil sorbent were carried out under various spill conditions. Flowers of Cogon grass adsorbed much larger amount of high-viscosity lubricating oil (57.9 g-oil/g-sorbent) than that adsorbed by Peat Sorb (7.7 g-oil/g-sorbent), a commercial oilsorbent based on peat. However, the flowers adsorbed only 27.9 g of low-viscosity crude oillgsorbent. In an oil-water system, the mount of oil adsorbed was influenced by the level with which the two were mixed: vigorous stirring reduced the sorption capacity by 36%. The high sorptive capacity of the flowers can be attributed to their hydrophobic nature and good oil-wettability. The flowers showed good buoyancy even after 24 hours of shaking under conditions that simulated water ripple (gentle wary motion) in sea, which suggests their potential in combating oil spills both on land and in water.Keywords: Sorbent; Oil spill,' Oil sorption; Cogon grass;Imperata cylindrica
PENENTUAN SISI AKTIF SELULASE ASPERGILLUS NIGER DENGAN DOCKING LIGAN Tigor Nauli
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1766.737 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v16i2.14

Abstract

Letak dari sisi aktif selulase Aspergillus niger, yang akan menentukan aktivitas katalitiknya, dapat diketahui melalui komputasi. Sebuah ligan selobiosa dimodelkan untuk dapat melakukan simulasi docking pada molekul selulase yang telah diketahui struktur kristalnya. Melalui kalkulasi energi ikatan dan pendekatan optimasi memakai algoritma genetik Lamarckian, dapat dipilih konformasi molekul yang menunjukkan adanya daerah tertentu dengan energi terendah. Struktur yang memiliki daerah semacam ini dianggap mewakili konfigurasi terbaik terikatnya ligan pada sisi aktif yang dicari.Hasil perhitungan memperlihatkan bahwa tekukan protein yang membentuk celah konkaf diantara dua kelompok struktur b-sheet yang saling berlawanan arah pada molekul selulase merupakan sisi aktif dari enzim tersebut. Ligan dapat terikat disana melalui interaksi hidrofilik dengan residu asparagin (Asn20), serin (Ser111), dan glutamin (Gln158). Di salah satu ujung sisi aktif selulase terdapat residu aspartat (Asp99) dan glutamat (Glu116, Glu204) yang akan mempengaruhi aksi katalitik dari enzim selulase apabila residu-residu ini terikat oleh ion-ion divalen.Sisi aktif selulase ini merupakan gabungan dari domain pengikat substrat dan domain katalitik. Penambahan ion logam yang tepat pada sisi aktif enzim selulase Aspergillus niger dapat meningkatkan aktivitas spesifiknya.Kata kunci:docking, ligan, selulase, sisi ikatan, substrat The active site of cellulase from Aspergillus niger that affects the enzyme activity can be searched by computational methods. A ligand of cellobiose is modelled to perform docking simulation to cellulase with known crystal structure. By calculating the binding free energy and optimization approach using Lamarckian's genetic algorithm, a molecular conformation that has a region with the lowest energy value can be selected. The molecule structure with such region represents the best configuration of ligand bound to the active site.The calculation results that the concave cleft formed by protein folding of two anti-parallel b-sheet structures is the active site of the enzyme. A ligand would bind to the site through hydrophilic interactions with asparagine (Asn20), serine (Ser111), and glutamine (Gln158) residues. The aspartic acid (Asp99) and glutamic acid (Glu116, Glu204) residues that reside in one end of the active site determine the catalytic actions of the enzyme when they are binding with some metal ions.It is shown that the active site of this cellulase has substrate-binding domain and catalytic domain together. The introduction of specific metal ions to the active site of Asperillus niger cellulase will increase its specific activity.Keywords: binding site, cellulase, docking, ligand, substrate
PENGARUH PROSES FERMENTASI TERHADAP SIFAT ANTINUTRISI BIJI SAGA (ADENANTHERA PAVONINA LINN) Lenny Sutedja
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 1, No 1 (1991)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3565.547 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v1i1.196

Abstract

Research has been conducted to know whether the steps in the fermentation of saga bean (ADENANTHERA PAVONINA LINN) could decrease or eliminate the antinutraive property of saga bean. The saga bean was fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus L36 and Aspergillus oryzae M8 respectively, and the fermentation steps included cooking, soaking, dehulllng, steaming, inoculation and incubation for 24 until 72 hours at 30°C. Antinutritive assay using protozoa Tetrahymena pyriformis GL showed that cooking followed by soaking had decreased the antinutritive property of saga bean. Then the steaming process had increased the antinutritive property of saga bean. Sinaila, gJ'owth inhibition of protozoa was observed in medium containing steamed saga bean compared to that in medium containing fresh saga bean. Tempe saga, either fermented with R.oligosporus or A.oryzae, showed about 30-100% growth inhibition ofT.pyriformisGL, at a concentration of 103-104 ppm.
HYDROTHERMAL PROCESS FOR CELLULOSIC WASTE DEGRADATION INTO VALUABLE CHEMICALS R. Sarwono
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 14, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (267.908 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v14i2.348

Abstract

Pada tulisan ini dibahas tentang sifat-sifat air pada kondisi sub dan super kritik dalam kemampuannyauntuk menguraikan biomasa selulosa. Air dalam kondisi super kritik mempunyai sifat oksidator yang kuat, yangmampu menguraikan biomasa selulosa menjadi molekul yang lebih kecil seperti dalam bentuk gas CO2 , H2 danair.  Air pada kondisi sub kritik mempunyai sifat oksidator yang lebih rendah yang mampu menguraikanbiomasa selulosa menjadi molekul yang agak besar seperti glukosa, asam-asam organik dan biofuel.  Penguraianbiomasa selulosa dengan proses hydrothermal biasanya menghasilkan gas, cairan dan padatan tar.  Denganmengubah-ubah kondisi operasi (temperatur dan tekanan), jenis katalis, dan waktu reaksi, dan juga komposisidari biomasa  selulosa  maka  produk  yang akan dihasilkan bisa diperkirakan. Hydrothermal upgrading danliquefaction  menggunakan  media  air  pada  kondisi  subkritik  untuk  menguraikan  biomasa  selulosa  menjadiproduk bentuk cair yang bisa dipakai sebagai bahan bakar.Kata kunci: selulosa, hydrothermal, kondisi operasi, gas, bahan bakar

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