International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) focuses on the applied works in the areas of power generation, transmission and distribution, sustainable energy, applications of power control in large power systems, etc. The main objective of IJAPE is to bring out the latest practices in research in the above mentioned areas for efficient and cost effective operations of power systems. The journal covers, but not limited to, the following scope: electric power generation, transmission and distribution, energy conversion, electrical machinery, sustainable energy, insulation, solar energy, high-power semiconductors, power quality, power economic, FACTS, renewable energy, electromagnetic compatibility, electrical engineering materials, high voltage insulation technologies, high voltage apparatuses, lightning, protection system, power system analysis, SCADA, and electrical measurements.
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<![CDATA[Analysis of Various Carriers Overlapping PWM Strategies for a Single Phase Ternary Multilevel Inverter ]]>
<![CDATA[C. R. Balamurugan]]>;
<![CDATA[R. Bensraj]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp27-39
<![CDATA[Multilevel inverters are used in power conversion system due to improved voltage and current waveforms. This paper presents the comparison of various Carrier Overlapping Pulse Width Modulation (COPWM) Strategies for the three phase Cascaded Multi Level Inverter (CMLI). Various new schemes adopting the constant switching frequency and also variable switching frequency multicarrier control freedom degree combination concepts are developed and simulated for the chosen three phase CMLI. A single phase CMLI is controlled in this paper with Sinusoidal PWM (SPWM) reference along with Carrier Overlapping (CO) techniques and simulation is performed using MATLAB-SIMULINK. The variation of fundamental RMS output voltage and total harmonic distortion is observed for various carrier overlapping techniques. Among the various equal amplitude and unequal amplitude carriers carrier overlapping techniques such as COPWM-A, COPWM-B and COPWM-C, It is observed from Table 4 that all PWM method provides output with relative low distortion for equal amplitude carriers. If equal voltage sources are chosen then the THD will be less in the case of unequal amplitude carriers. But for the unequal voltage sources the THD is more in the case of unequal amplitude carriers. It is observed from simulation results that (Table-5) almost in all the strategies unequal amplitude carriers gives more fundamental RMS values compared to equal amplitude carriers. It is seen from table 6 that peak voltage is more in the case of unequal amplitude carriers compared to equal amplitude carriers. It is observed from the table 7 that dc components are less in both equal and unequal amplitude carriers.]]>
<![CDATA[Localized Transient Stability (LTS) Method for Real-time Localized Control ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdul Malek Miah]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp73-86
<![CDATA[Very recently, a new methodology was introduced solely for the purpose of real-time localized control of transient stability. The proposed new method is based on the localized transient stability of a power system. This is completely a new idea in transient stability. In this method, the post-fault power system is represented by a two-generator localized power system at the site of each individual generator. If each of these localized power systems reaches its respective stable equilibrium, then the full power system also reaches its stable equilibrium. Therefore, in terms of real-time localized control of transient stability, if each of the localized power systems is driven to its respective stable equilibrium by local control actions with local computations using the locally measured data, then the full power system is driven to its stable equilibrium. Thus the method can be easily implemented for real-time localized control of transient stability. In this paper, the details of the mathematical formulations are presented. Some interesting test results on the well-known New England 39-bus 10-generator system are also presented in this paper to demonstrate the potential of the proposed method for use in real-time localized control of transient stability. ]]>
<![CDATA[A Fault Detection Technique for Series-compensated Lines by TCSC during Power Swing ]]>
<![CDATA[Saeed Rezaei]]>;
<![CDATA[Mojtaba Khederzadeh]]>;
<![CDATA[Majid Gandomkar]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp40-51
<![CDATA[The performance of a distance relay is very susceptible to power swing. In order to avoid generating unwanted trip in such condition, a power swing block function (PSB) is used in distance relays. However, if a fault occurs in power swing condition, the relay should distinguish the fault from power swing and generate trip rapidly. Detection a fault in a series-compensated line by Series Capacitor (SC) during the power swing is more complicated than in an uncompensated line due to complex transients generated by series capacitor and the Metal–Oxide Varistor (MOV) operation. In a series-compensated line by TCSC, it is further complicated due to nonlinear variation of compensation level during power swing and fault, moreover, non-unique application mode of TCSC for different faults which is dependent on fault current. This paper examines a method based on negative sequence current to detecting all types of fault during power swing in a series-compensated line by TCSC. The method is tested for different TCSC-compensated power systems include SMIB and 9-bus 3-machine systems. Different types of faults, i.e., symmetrical, asymmetrical and high resistance faults occurring during a power swing are simulated by MATLAB/SIMULINK to examine the algorithm.]]>
<![CDATA[Netload-constrained Unit Commitment Considering Increasing Renewable Energy Penetration Levels: Impact of Generation Schedules and Operational Cost ]]>
<![CDATA[Saleh Y. Abujarad]]>;
<![CDATA[M. W. Mustafa]]>;
<![CDATA[J. J. Jamian]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdirahman M. Abdilahi]]>;
<![CDATA[N. Zareen]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp87-98
<![CDATA[In the context of low carbon power systems, the penetration levels of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are expected to increase dramatically. In this regard, this paper investigates the maximum RES penetration level constrained by net load while considering an inflexible Unit Commitment (UC) model. To solve the UC problem, an enhanced priority list (EPL) based method is developed. In the proposed method, the plants were activated sequentially based on the operational price. The system constraint violations were repeatedly corrected until all system constraints (such as net load and spinning reserves) were satisfied. The proposed EPL method was efficient to achieve a near optimal solution under high shares of RES. Furthermore, the research work investigates three different scenarios representing penetration levels of 10% solar-only, 14.5% wind-only and 27.5% mixture of both solar and wind. The impact of each penetration level on the system scheduling and operational cost were analyzed in detail. The analysis presented shows that a potential operational cost savings of 21.6 $/MW, 20 $/MW and 11.1 $/MW is feasible under each of the represented scenarios, respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[A Novel on Stability and Fault Ride through Analysis of Type-4 Wind Generation System Integrated to VSC-HVDC Link ]]>
<![CDATA[Ch. S. V. S. Phani Kumar]]>;
<![CDATA[T. Vinay Kumar]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp52-58
<![CDATA[Now-a-days pollution is increasing due to “Non Renewable Energy Sources”. In order to enhance the efficiency of conventional grid and to generate the electrical power in eco-friendly way, the renewable energy sources are employed. In this paper a type 4 wind generation system is implemented to analyse the system under fault conditions and to analyse the grid stability. In the proposed system type-4 wind generation system integrated to grid through VSC-HVDC link analysis is done by considering a fault on the grid side by the system gets isolated and wind generation system transfers voltage to local load and remote load. When a DC fault is occurred on the VSC-HVDC link then the grid side breaker and wind side breaker gets open, then system gets isolated. This is implemented by considering “Low Voltage Ride Through” (LVRT) conditions, According to the Indian grid code of contact wind generation maintain constant even the voltage collapse is occurred on the grid side. The proposed VSC-HVDC based Type-4 Wind Generation System give more reliable to operate in LVRT condition and can meet the Load demand when the system is under fault condition to some extent; The proposed method is Type –4 Wind generator is of 4.4MW/2.2kV each with a total plant capacity of 110MW operated with VSC based HVDC transmission system with 110kV DC bus voltage connected to 220kV grid. The results obtained shows the Grid is operates under fault ride through conditions stability.]]>
<![CDATA[Vector Control of VSC HVDC System under Single Line to Ground Fault Condition ]]>
<![CDATA[Prabodha Kumar Rath]]>;
<![CDATA[Kanhu Charan Bhuyan]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp59-64
<![CDATA[This paper proposes a model of a VSC (voltage source converter) based Back to Back HVDC system and its control technique under fault condition. From the mathematical model of the system relationship between the controlling and the controlled variables is determined to control the system parameters. An appropriate vector control technique is used to control active and reactive power and to maintain DC link voltage. The proposed controlling unit consists of outer control loop and inner control loop which effectively damped out the system oscillation and maintains the system stability. The validity of the model and the feasibility of the control method have been proved by the simulation results. In this paper the system performance is studied under fault condition is studied.]]>
<![CDATA[Ecological and Economical Friendly Analysis of A Hybrid Solar-Grid-Diesel Connected Power Generation System ]]>
<![CDATA[Rafat Qonain]]>;
<![CDATA[Malik Rafi]]>;
<![CDATA[Imran Khan]]>;
<![CDATA[Shivley Sageer]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp1-9
<![CDATA[This paper presents Importance of hybrid power system. This paper depicts model and simulation of a renewable energy based hybrid power system for improving power quality because optimal utilization of primary energy sources will increase the level of supply reliability. The combination of Grid, Photo Voltaic (PV) Array System, and Diesel generator systems are used for power generation. Due to variation in output power of solar panel, Diesel engine is also coupled to ensure reliable supply under all conditions. The results shows that the proposed hybrid power system can effectively manage the optimal utilization of primary energy sources and improves the power quality in an islanding as well as grid connected mode.]]>
<![CDATA[Electrostatic Field Calculations for Liquid Nitrogen Gaps Assuming a Decisive Field Factor ]]>
<![CDATA[Stefan Fink]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp65-72
<![CDATA[Volume effect on breakdown voltage is well known in high voltage engineering. The breakdown voltage behavior of liquid nitrogen depending on a high field volume had been quantitatively described for gap lengths up to 20 mm. Breakdown curves for longer gap lengths up to 96 mm derived from measurements with a facility “Fatelini 2” show oscillations and partly low withstand voltages. Electrostatic field calculation for such long gaps shows remarkable high field volume differences between a model for ideal sphere and models including fixation rods. Calculation for the used setup does not show monotonically increasing high field volume depending on gap length but a maximum around 60 mm which can explain the special breakdown behavior in a “mid range” gap length. Further high field calculations were done for not yet used setups in order to make considerations, e.g. for the influence of cryostat material or diameter.]]>
<![CDATA[Three Area Power System Load Frequency Control Using Fuzzy Logic Controller ]]>
<![CDATA[C. R. Balamurugan]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp18-26
<![CDATA[System frequency is one of the most important parameters of a power system. Du to generation-load mismatches, the system frequency can vary over a small range. When the power consumed by loads and overall losses is greater than the generated power, the operating frequency of the system will decrease, resulting in a situation known as the under frequency condition. In some other case, if some of the loads in a system are disconnected from the system suddenly, or lost, it leads to a condition called as the over frequency condition. This condition is char acterized by greater input power than the consumed power by the loads. The rest of the loads in the system will absorb the extra power and the generator inertia, leading to an increase in the system frequency. In both the cases, the system frequency fluctuates from the power system’s limited frequency range, further leading to tripping off of the substation and further collapsing of the entire system. The paper describes a new method employing a smart meter to monitor and control the power system frequency which changes according to the loading conditions in the system, whether under load condition or overload condition. ]]>
<![CDATA[Hybrid System Power Generation'wind-photovoltaic' Connected to the Electrical Network 220 kV ]]>
<![CDATA[Mida Dris]]>;
<![CDATA[Benattous Djilani]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 7, No 1: April 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v7.i1.pp10-17
<![CDATA[Renewable energy have the potential to generate electricity cleanly without pollution and a lesser dependence of resources for this production of electric power by these systems sources such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal and biomass instead anti-environmental conventional systems such as gas, coal and oil is a remarkable idea but not frequent in Algeria. Our research focuses on the study of a hybrid energy system (Photovoltaic-Wind), connected to the Electrical Network 220 kV and this by tracking the maximum power point (MPPT) for two energy sources. For this, methods based on optimization algorithms were used side PV array and Wind turbine. With regard to the wind turbine, optimization was based on an analytical approach method. The Matlab/Simulink is used for simulated power output from Hybrid System, power delivered to or from grid and phase voltage of the inverter leg]]>
