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International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences

IJAAS
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Published by Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

ISSN : 22528814 EISSN : 27222594 DOI : http://doi.org/10.11591/ijaas

Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,

Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics

International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (IJAAS) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal dedicated to publish significant research findings in the field of applied and theoretical sciences. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and others interested in state-of-the art research activities in applied science areas, which cover topics including: chemistry, physics, materials, nanoscience and nanotechnology, mathematics, statistics, geology and earth sciences.

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 2: June 2021" : 10 Documents clear

Groundwater suitability for irrigated agriculture in alluvial Bengal delta plain: a review Md. Shajedul Islam; M. G. Mostafa
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Groundwater is a vital source of irrigation and domestic purposes in Bangladesh, and hence, it must satisfy the water quality guidelines. The study has selected 11 districts of Bangladesh and collected secondary data regarding the irrigation water quality of groundwater. Several irrigation water indices, such as soluble sodium percentage (SSP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), Kelly’s ratio (KR), permeability index (PI), and irrigation water quality (IWQ) index are applied to evaluate irrigation water quality. According to IWQindex, the results showed 25.5% of water samples fell in a highly suitable water type, whereas 33.5% exhibited a low suitability type, and the remaining 41% showed medium suitability for irrigation purposes. The values of SAR, SSP, RSBC, and MAR indices showed that about 31-64% of water samples were very good, whereas 5-20% were very poor for the same purpose. The results of TDS, EC, and total hardness showed good results as 88-93% of water samples fell in fair to excellent quality. The salinity hazard was found in the groundwater of coastal areas and was completely unfit for irrigation. The study findings would help for improving the management of the groundwater resources for agricultural purposes in Bangladesh.

Design and implementation of an African native language-based programming language Ezekiel K. Olatunji; John. B. Oladosu; Odetunji A. Odejobi; Stephen O. Olabiyisi
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Most of the existing high-level programming languages have hitherto borrowed their lexical items from human languages including European and Asian languages. However, there is a paucity of research information on programming languages developed with the lexicons of an African indigenous language. This research explored the design and implementation of an African indigenous language-based programming language using Yoruba as a case study. Yoruba is the first language of over 30 million people in the southwest of Nigeria, Africa; and is spoken by over one hundred million people worldwide. It is hoped, as established by research studies, that making computer programming possible in one’s mother tongue will enhance computer-based problem-solving processes by indigenous learners and teachers. The alphabet and reserved words of the programming language were respectively formed from the basic Yoruba alphabet and standard Yoruba words. The lexical items and syntactic structures of the programming language were designed with appropriate regular expressions and context-free grammar, using Backus-Naur form (BNF) notations. A prototype implementation of the programming language was carried out as a source-to-source, 5-pass compiler. QBasic within QB64 IDE was the implementation language. The results from implementation showed the functional correctness and effectiveness of the developed programming language. Thus, lexical items of a programming language need not be borrowed exclusively from European and Asian languages, they can and should be borrowed from most African native languages. Furthermore, the developed native language programming language can be used to introduce computer programming to indigenous pupils of primary and junior secondary schools.

Factual power loss reduction by dynamic membrane evolutionary algorithm Lenin Kanagabasai
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This paper presents a dynamic membrane evolutionary algorithm (DMEA) that has been applied to solve optimal reactive power problems. The proposed methodology merges the fusion and division rules of P systems with active membranes and with adaptive differential evolution (ADE), particle swarm optimization (PSO) exploration stratagem. All elementary membranes are amalgamated into one membrane in the computing procedure. Furthermore, the integrated membrane is alienated into the elementary membranes 1, 2, _, m. In particle swarm optimization (PSO) C1 and C2 (acceleration constants) are vital parameters to augment the exploration ability of PSO in the period of the optimization procedure. In this work, Gaussian probability distribution is initiated to engender the accelerating coefficients of PSO. The proposed DMEA has been tested in standard IEEE 14, 30, 57, 118, and 300 bus test systems and simulation results show the projected algorithm reduced the real power loss comprehensively.

Confirmatory factor analysis: model testing of financial ratios with decision support systems approach T. Husain; Maulana Ardhiansyah; Dedin Fathudin
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The decision support systems approach can be developed into both computer-based and quantitative analysis tools. This research uses a model test with a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) technique on matrix covariance against structural equation modelling (SEM) methods to measure financial ratios. Decision support system (DSS) analysis uses numerical calculations aided by mathematical models through six phases. The first three phases of a structured approach to building multivariate models and the next three phases, namely estimation, interpretation, and validation, are developing from data input that has been selected using LISREL version 8.72. The financial ratio’s testing model with a CFA approach derived into a mathematical (quantitative) model can explain the complexity of the relationship between the goodness-of-fit models (GOF) with a different approach from prior research. The goodness-of-fit test results in this study produced scores on each of the financial ratio measurement models at an accuracy level of CR of 78.49, TATO of 1.26, DER of 41.41, ROA of minus 0.033, and PBV of 540.92. This means that PBV has the highest standardized loading factors to determine the measurement of financial ratios. The CFA measurement based on SEM can be used to make appropriate decisions and combine a model comparison and redevelopment of the CFA technique and model testing with other software such as SPSS, PLS, AMOS, and others.

Real power loss diminution by rain drop optimization algorithm Lenin Kanagasabai
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this work, the rain drop optimization (RDO) algorithm is projected to reduce power loss. Proceedings of rain drop have been imitated to model the RDO algorithm. The natural action of rain drop is flowing downwards from the peak and it may form small streams during the headway from the mountain or hill. As by gravitation principal rain drop flow as a stream as a river from the peak of mountains or hill then it reaches the sea as global optimum. Proposed rain drop optimization (RDO) algorithm evaluated in IEEE 30, bus test system. Power loss reduction, voltage deviation minimization, and voltage stability improvement have been achieved.

A systematic overview of secure image steganography Bakhan Tofiq Ahmed
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Information is a vital thing that needs to be secured and well protected during transmission between two or more parties over the internet. This can be achieved by steganography technology. Steganography is the concealing science in which the information is concealed inside other information in a way that the concealed information cannot be detectable by the human eye. Many ways are available to hide data inside a cover media for example text, image, and audio steganography, but image steganography is the most utilized technique among the others. Secure image steganography has a high-security level than traditional technique by combining steganography with cryptography due to encrypting secret information by cryptography algorithm before embedding it into the cover media by steganography algorithm. In this paper, a systematic review has been presented about secure image steganography and its renowned types. Many researchers proposed secure image steganography by using various cryptography and steganography algorithms which have been reviewed. The least significant bit ‘LSB’ was the renowned steganography algorithm which has been used by researchers due to its simplicity, while various cryptography algorithms like advanced encryption standard (AES) and blowfish have been used to propose secure image steganography in the reviewed papers. The comparison among the reviewed papers indicated that the LSB with hash-RSA gave a greater peak signal-noise ratio ‘PSNR’ value than the others which was 74.0189 dB.

Application of PSO for optimal coordination of directional over-current relays in distribution system with distributed renewable energy sources Lazhar Bougouffa; Abdelaziz Chaghi
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The use of distributed renewable energy sources (D-RES) in the electrical network has expanded greatly. However, integration of these resources into distribution systems caused more problems in protection related issues such as mis-coordination and changes the direction and value of fault currents. When connecting new D-RES to electrical power distribution networks, it is required to re-coordinate directional over-current relays (DOCR) to ensure the continuity of the power transmission when the short circuits take place. This work presented a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to determine two independent variables called pickup current (Ip) and time dial setting (TDS) for optimal setting of relays. From analysis result, the impacts of RES location in the distribution system on DOCRs had been observed on the optimal relays settings.

A numerical algorithm to find a root of non-linearequations using householder’s method Srinivasarao Thota
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this paper, we propose a three step algorithm using Householder’s method for find-ing an approximate root of the given non-linear equations in one variable. Severalnumerical examples are presented to illustrate and validation of the proposed method.Implementation of the proposed algorithm in Maple is also discussed with samplecomputations.

iPark: automated smart parking system Rahman Atiqur
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Parking problems became ubiquitous and are growing at an alarming rate in every major city. It causes parking problems which cause traffic jams, driver frustration, and pollution. Time we visit different public places for example shopping centers, multiplex movies hall and lodging houses during carnivals or holidays, it makes the added parking difficult. Checking out a parking lot results in 40% to 50% of traffic jams. Due to this, car parking, in turn, causes the traffic issue. There are some problems associated with car parking like the way to control the amount of cars within the parking zone, monitoring the movement of the car in/outside of the parking zone, checking whether there's an area inside for more cars or not, and therefore the safety to park. This paper proposes an answer to these problems using the concept of the web of Things. iPark is a fully automated system that senses the entry and exit of a car, displays the entire number of cars parked within the parking zone on screen, and the way many free spaces are available within the parking lot.

On optimization of manufacturing of a step-down DC-DC converter to increase integration density of elements E. L. Pankratov
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

We consider the possibility to increase the field-effect transistor's density in a switched-capacitor step-down DC-DC converter. Based on this approach we analyzed the manufacturing of the converter in a heterostructure with a special structure. Some specific sections of the heterostructure must be doped by ion implantation or by diffusion. After this procedure optimized annealing has been done. We also obtained conditions for decreasing mismatch-induced stress value in this heterostructure. An analytical approach for the analysis of heat and mass transport in multilayer structures has been introduced. The approach gives a possibility without crosslinking of solutions on interfaces between layers, taking into account (i) spatial variation of parameters of considered processes; (ii) temporal variation of parameters of considered processes; (iii) nonlinearity of considered processes; and (iv) mismatch-induced stress.

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