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Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan

JPHH
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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

ISSN : 02164329 EISSN : 24428957 DOI : 10.20886/jphh

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan adalah jurnal ilmiah nasional yang mempublikasikan tulisan yang telah dicermati oleh Dewan Redaksi dan Mitra Bestari di bidang hasil hutan. Tulisan dalam Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan mencerminkan inovasi dan hasil penelitian dasar dan terapan yang berkualitas di bidang hasil hutan. Topik tulisan penelitian hasil hutan meliputi: 1. Anatomi bahan berlignoselulosa 2. Sifat fisik dan mekanik bahan berlignoselulosa 3. Teknologi serat bahan berlignoselulosa 4. Papan komposit bahan berlignoselulosa 5. Biodeteriorasi dan pengawetan bahan berlignoselulosa 6. Teknologi pengeringan hasil hutan 7. Penggergajian dan pemesinan kayu 8. Pengolahan hasil hutan kayu dan bukan kayu 9. Pengolahan kimia dan energi hasil hutan 10. Ilmu kayu dan teknologi hasil hutan Keteknikan hutan 12. Pemanenan hasil hutan kayu dan bukan kayu

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan

Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan" : 9 Documents clear

KEAWETAN BATANG AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr.) Ginuk Sumarni; Agus Ismanto; Mohammad Muslich
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Aren (Arenga pinnata Merr ) is one of the natural resources of the tropics which has been used widely in the daily life of the local community as a sustainable resource due to its wide distribution, high availability, and desirable properties. The significant uses in Indonesia are for building material, making various baskets, roof, sugar, candied fruits, and handicraft.The specimen of aren was selected from Jasinga, West Java. A log sample was taken from three height levels of the stem, viz top, middle and bottom sections. Each section was tested to the dry wood termite Cryptotcrmes cynoccphalus Light., the subterranean termite Coptotcrmes curvignathus, Holmgren the powder post beetle and Heterobostrychus aequalis Wat the fungi Schyzophyllum commune Fr., Pycnoporus sanguincus (Fr.) Karst, and the Dacryopinax spathularia (Schw.) MarstThe results showed that aren stem specimens taken from the top, middle and bottom sections are resistant to dry wood termite (Cryptotcrmes cynocephalus Light.), especially the bottom section which can be classified as durability class I. The results also showed that aren stem is resistant to powder post beetle (Heterobostrychus aequalis Wat.) and fungi (Schyzophyllum commune Fr., Pycnoporus sanguincus (Fr.) Karst. and Dacryopinax spathularia (Schw.) Marst.). On the other hand, aren stem is not resistant to the subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, especially the top section which can be classified as durability class V.

KEAWETAN 99 JENIS KAYU INDONESIA TERHADAP RAYAP KAYU KERING Ginuk Sumarni; Han Roliadi; Agus Ismanto
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The resistance of 99 Indonesian wood species against dry wood termite (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light) attack has been assessed. The wood species come from several regions in Indonesia. The woods were each cut to small samples measuring 5.0 cm by 2.5 cm by 2.0 cm and subsequently exposed to 50 dry wood termite of workers for twelve weeks.The results revealed that out of the 99 investigated wood species 33 (i.e. 33.33%) were classified as the most durable wood (classes I and II); and the rest, i.e. 66 species (66.6 %), were classified was lower durability (i.e. classes III, IV, and V) and, therefore, in their utilization, a preservative treatment is required.

ANATOMI DAN KUALITAS SERAT KAYU UTAP-UTAP (Aromadendron elegans Bl.) DAN TUJUH JENIS KAYU KURANG DIKENAL LAINNYA Y l Mandang; Sissi Artistien
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.2.110-127

Gross and anatomical features of Aromadendron elegans and seven lesser known wood species were observed and described for identification purposes and for evaluation of their suitable uses. Fiber dimension were also measured to evaluate their possible uses for pulp and paper. Several important features for identification were detected: 1) oil cells and closely spaced parenchyma bands in Aromadendron elegans; 2) wood semi-ring porous in Melia dubia; 3) radial intercellular canal and septate fibers in Lannea coromandelica; 4) ray storied and druses crystals in Hibiscus tiliaceus; 5) ray very high and contain sheath cells in Baccaurea sp.; 6) ray homocellular uniseriate and included phloem in Dolichandrone spathacea ; 7) parenchyma aliform and confluent, prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma of Acrocarpus fraxinifolius; 8) wood white, fibers with distinctly bordered pit, and prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma of Flindersia australis. All wood species studied have density and considerable strength to be used for construction purposes. Aromadendron elegans, Melia dubia, and Flindersia australis have decorative appearance so they are suitable for furniture. Flindersia australis is white and has moderately fine texture so it could be usedfor "ram in" substitute. Fibers quality of all species studied belongs to quality class II. The total of fibers dimension derived values, of Aromadendron elegans, Melia dubia, Flindersia australis and Dolichandrone spathacea are the highest among eight wood species studied; further studies on pulping characteristics are therefore recommended for these wood species.

PERANAN KEGIATAN PEMANENAN KAYU DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT SEKITAR HUTAN: KASUS DI KPH SUKABUMI DAN KPH CIANJUR Ishak Sumantri; Sukadaryati Sukadaryati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.2.139-153

Timber harvesting activities in Perhutani areas are conducted with the involvement of people living around the forest. An investigation was conducted to find out the role of timber harvesting activities in increasing the income of people involved. The results showed that 1) People living around the forest were involved in felling, skidding, and collecting log in temporary logyard; 2) Workers involvement were temporary and their wage system were differed from location to location. In Sukabumi, the whole work contract system was applied with the income ranging from Rp 109.800 to 187.417/person/compartment or Rp 13.725 to Rp 23.500/person/day. In Cianjur, the piece work system was applied with income ranging from Rp 97.788 to 179.166/person/compartment or Rp 5.750 to Rp 10.500/person/day; and 3) The income obtained from timber harvesting activities still can not significantly increase worker's income and, therefore, it is necessary to furthur seek a proper model suitable for the need of temporary and low income workers to participate in managing forest in Perhutani areas.

SIFAT PENGOLAHAN DAN SIFAT FISIK PULP SEMBILAN JENIS KAYU DARI INDONESIA BAGIAN TIMUR Setyani B; Lestari Lestari; Yoswita Yoswita
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.2.91-98

This paper dealt with chemical processing and physical properties of wood for pulp of nine woods. The analyses consisted of pulp screen yield, alkali consumption, permanganate number, breaking length, and tearing factor. This analysis is very important in determining the suitability of wood species as raw material for pulp paper production.Results of chemical pulping process indicated that pulp screen yield in a range of 32.70 - 47.71 %, alkali consumption 12.20 - 15.50 %, permanganate number 9.75 - 20.70, breaking length value 2.60 - 4.40 km, bursting factor 27.51 - 51.27, tearing factor 74 - 132, and folding endurance 4.5 - 59.5 df. The results revealed that all wood species were suitable for pulp and paper production. Chemical processing of these wood species produced high pulp screen yield, low alkali consumption, pulp easily bleached pulp and good physical pulp properties. Two of the species, Horsfieldia sylvetris Warb and Calophyllum inophyllum L. resulted in the best quality of pulp.

HUBUNGAN SIFAT PEMESINAN DENGAN BERAT JENIS DAN JUMLAH PORI EMPAT JENIS KAYU KURANG DIKENAL ASAL KALIMANTAN TIMUR Achmad Supriadi; Osly Rachman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.2.174-185

Machining properties of four lesser known wood species originated from natural forest in East Kalimantan were studied. The relationship between machining defects and specific gravity and amount of vessel was also analyzed. The machining operations were planing, shaping, boring, turning and sanding.The result revealed that machining properties were significantly affected by wood species. The machining qualities of lansat hutan (Lansium sp.), telisai (Planchonia grandis Ridl.) and rambai punai (Glochidion philippicum Robins.) woods with respect to criteria were good lo very good, while those nyaling (Mastixia trichomata Bl.) fair to very good. Either specific gravity or number of vessel was significantly related with the machinability 's defect- free values. Higher specific gravity tended the higher the machining qualities. Conversely, greater number of vessels brought about the lowering of machining properties.

PEMBUATAN PEREKAT FENOLIK DARI LINDI HITAM YANG DIPEKATKAN DENGAN TANIN ATAU FENOL KRISTAL R Sudradjat; G Pari; M I lskandar
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.2.99-109

Phenol compounds in waste water of pulp and paper industry are toxic and harmful to environment. Phenol compounds are also an expensive chemical with wide range uses, such as raw materials for the manufacture of phenol formaldehyde glue.This experiment was aimed at looking into appropriate method to cope with the problems of black liquor's phenol by converting it to the most valuable glue largely and widely used in the plywood industries, i.e. phenol-formaldehyde. The experiment was divided into three stages, i.e. (a) recovery of phenol from black liquor after distillation; (b) selecting phenol compounds from another source as an additive to increase the existing phenol concentration in the distilled black liquor; and (c) working out optimum phenol concentration able to develop maximum bonding strength of the phenol-formaldehyde glue.Phenol compounds investigated as an additive to increase distilled phenol concentration are crystal phenol and tannin. The two additives were added in ratio of 1:3, 1:5 and 1:7 (crystal phenol/tannin to distilled phenol). After that, the mixture is reacted with formalin to form phenol formaldehyde glue following standard procedure. The phenol formaldehyde glue was applied to plywood and then was analyzed for moisture content, density and bonding strength.Results showed that phenol crystal addition is better than tannin due to lower in moisture, but higher in density and bonding strength. At all mixture ratio, tannin addition gave lower plywood bonding strength compare to standard (14 kg/cm2), but phenol addition gave higher plywood bonding strength (18-24 kg/cm2). Further experiment should be conducted to use crystal phenol as an additive to increase distilled phenol concentration.

ANALISIS TEKNIS DAN EKONOMIS PRODUKSI TERPADU ARANG DAN CUKA KAYU DARI TIGA JENIS KAYU Tjutju Nurhayati; Sylviani Sylviani; Mahpudin Mahpudin
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.2.154-166

Analysis on the integrated production of charcoal and wood vinegarhas been conducted using the raw materials of three wood species, i.e. mangrove (Bruguera sp.), mangium (Acacia mangium), and tusam (Pinus merkusii). As such, those three were each carbonized into charcoal through a direct burning in a dome kiln with 2 m3 capacity; and concurrently, the distillation through the cooling of.the generated gas/vapor fraction was conducted to collect the wood vinegar. The resulting charcoal werefurther treated either with or without purification process. To evaluate the qualities of the two products (i.e. charcoal and wood vinegar), the physico-chemical and economic analyses were examined. Economic analysis covered the collection of data/information on purchasing prices of the equipment. material-procuring cost for the kiln, kiln-erection cost. production cost, cost of procuring auxiliary matters, charcoal and wood vinegar prices, and others, followed by their assessment. Results of the analysis were as follows:Integrated production of charcoal and the one of wood vinegar turned out to be the best with respect to their technical aspects and physico-chemical properties was from the raw material of mangrove wood species. In this regard, the yield of charcoal and wood vinegar was the highest. Likewise, the qualities of the charcoal could correspond to usage standard of charcoal for iron ore. Also, the qualities of the wood vinegar could meet the Japan Standard Requirement.The implementation of purification treatment on the resulting charcoal could decrease the volatile matter content, and increase fixed carbon content and calorific value without affecting the production of wood vinegar. As such, the volatile matter contents in mangium charcoal decreased from 27.09 percent to 17.35 percent, and in tusam charcoal from 33.18 percent to 24. 79 percent.Productions of charcoal and wood vinegar for one m3 of wood were in the range of 181- 217 kg and 169 - 205 kg, respectively for mangrove wood; 110 -121 kg and 121 - 125 kg, respectively formangium wood; and 111-121 kg and 141 kg, respectively for tusam wood.Production of charcoal which is in integration with the one of wood vinegar can gain a significant benefit. Such benefit can be achieved after 5 years of wood vinegar production, i.e. 82.6 percent per year from mangrove wood, and mangium as well as tusam wood. Conversely, the production of wood vinegar in integration with the one of charcoal can gain additional benefit, i.e. 39.7 percent per year from mangrove wood, and 39.9 percent per-year from mangium as well-as-tusam wood. The benefit per year of such integrated production in the sixth year will be even greater, since the interest payment and loan can be ultimately fulfilled. All the investment of the factory with implements an integrated production-of charcoal and wood vinegar can be returned in one year and 3 months.

PENGARUH PEMEKATAN KONSENTRASI FENOL DARI LINDI HITAM DALAM PEMBUATAN PEREKAT FENOL FORMALDEHIDA R Sudradjat; E Yusnita; U Kulsum; E Kusmiati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 21, No 2 (2003): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2003.21.2.128-138

This investigation was a successive series of experiments aimed at assessing the manufacture of phenol formaldehydeglue utilized the black liquor from soda-process-based pulp mill.At first, the phenol in the black liquor was concentrated by adding crystal phenol. The ratios in weight between crystal phenol as added and black liquor were consecutively 1:5, 1:10, 1: 15, 1:20, and 1:25, and as such yielded the concentrated phenol in the liquor at four levels as well.The results revealed that efficiency recovery of phenol obtained by vacuum distillation was 12 percent. Such efficiency was because most of the phenol in black liquor was associated with other elements in the lignin structure or other compounds. The phenol was further reacted with formaldehyde, and the resulting phenol formaldehyde (PF) used as glue in plywood bonding.Results revealed that moisture content of plywood with PF glue where the phenol was from the mixture of concent tended black liquor's phenol and crystal phenol varied at 8.80 to 9.61 percent. The moisture contended to increase with the increase in the ratio of crystal phenol to the black liquor distillate.The density of plywood was about 0.5710 - 0.6431 gram per cm3, and tended to increasewith the increase in the ratio of crystal phenol as well. •The bonding strength of plywood without boiling-treatment was in the range of 11.173-23.722 kg per cm2, where by the lowest strength occurred at implementing 1 : 20 ratio (A4) and the highest at 1 : 5(A1). Meanwhile, the bonding-strength test with boiling-treatment revealed the value at 1.924 - 18.306 kg per cm2 in that the lowest value was at 1 : 25 ratio (A5) and the highest at 1 : 5 ratio (Al).

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Contact Email jurnal.phh@gmail.com

Phone +628129427717

Journal Mail Official jurnal.phh@gmail.com

Editorial Address Jl. Gunung Batu 5, Bogor 16610, Indonesia. Tlp. : +62-251-8633378 Fax. : +62-251-8633413

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Wening Sri Wulandari

Contact Email
jurnal.phh@gmail.com

Phone
+628129427717

Journal Mail Official
jurnal.phh@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jl. Gunung Batu 5, Bogor 16610, Indonesia. Tlp. : +62-251-8633378 Fax. : +62-251-8633413

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA