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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU

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Published by TALENTA PUBLISHER

ISSN : - EISSN : 23374888 DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v11i1

Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU merupakan jurnal elektronik yang mempublikasikan karya ilmiah di bidang teknik kimia yang diterbitkan oleh Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jurnal ini tidak terbatas pada mahasiswa dan dosen Universitas Sumatera Utara, tetapi terbuka untuk mahasiswa, dosen dan peneliti dari instansi lain.

Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU" : 8 Documents clear

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Asam Sulfat (H2SO4) pada Hidrolisa Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays) Menjadi Nanokristal Selulosa sebagai Filler Penguat pada Produk Lateks Karet Alam Hamidah Harahap; Azwin Harfansah Nst; Ilhamdi Fujian Junaidi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

This research studied about the effect of concentrations sulfuric acid (H2SO4) on the hydrolysis process of corn cobs waste to manufacture of cellulose nanocrystal (NCC) which will be applied as fillers in natural rubber latex. This study began with a pre-vulcanization process of natural rubber latex at a temperature of 70 oC and followed by a vulcanization process at 110 oC for 10 minutes. The results of the testing of physical properties indicate that the higher amount of NCC loading will result in higher crosslinked denotes, while the results of testing the mechanical properties indicate that the maximum value is achieved at the loading of NCCs as much as 6 phr. The mechanical test results supported by the analysis of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showing the NCC have spread well. Characterization of the Transform Electron Microscope (TEM) shown the resulting of NCC was spherical shape with the size of NCC produced for each concentration of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) 45%, 55%, and 65% respectively 57.65 nm; 28.43 nm; and 82.61 nm with an amount of each 0.849 g; 1,824 g; and 0.681 g. The mechanical and physical properties of the optimum natural rubber latex products occurred in the loading of nanocrystal cellulose with a number of 6 bsk, where the values of cross-connect density, tensile strength, elongation at break, M200 and M300 were respectively 10.6234 2Mc-1x10- 5; 18.2 MPa; 780%; 2.23 MPa and 2.7 MPa.

Pengaruh Waktu Kontak dan Massa Adsorben Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica) dengan Aktivator H3PO4 terhadap Kapasitas Adsorpsi Zat Warna Methylene Blue Andri Rizki; Ervan Syahputra; Setiaty Pandia; Halimatuddahliana
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

This study aims to determine the best adsorption capacity of methylene blue with variations in the mass of the adsorbent, contact time and determine the reaction kinetics and adsorption isotherms of activated carbon. The raw material for activated carbon is tamarind seeds. Tamarind seeds is started to neutral pH and dried in an oven at 130°C to a constant weight, then mashed using a blender and sifted using a 140 mesh sieve. adsorbent 140 mesh was added to 100 ml of methylene blue solution at a stirring speed 150 rpm for each variation of contact time 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 120 minutes and 180 minutes and mass of adsorbent 0,3 gs, 0,4 gs, 0,6 gs and 0,9 gs. The efficiency of the best description of methylene blue is 98,827% with 120 minutes and pH 6 at 0,9 gs of activated carbon. The maximum methylene orange adsorption capacity is 24,670 mg/g at 100 mg/L methylene blue concentration. The model suitable for this study is the second order kinetics and Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The results of the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrophotometer on the raw material of Tamarind seeds before activated were obtained by wave number which shows the presence of functional goups C-O, O-H, and C=O goups which form a special goup found on biosorbent, functional goups that appear after activation is a C=C goup which shows an increase in carbon and C-H goups (Alkenes). The results of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) characterization show that the surface morphology of the activated carbon from tamarind seeds has a surface that is open, coarse, and uniform porosity. The pores of biosorbent after activation in vacant soil without impurity.

Pengaruh Ketebalan Bahan Dan Jumlah Desikan Terhadap Laju Pengeringan Jahe (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) Pada Pengering Kombinasi Surya dan Desikan Rosdanelli Hasibuan; Muhammad Alfikri Ridhatullah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Ginger is a spice plant that is usually used as a seasoning in cooking or raw material for medicine, traditional or industrial medicine. Ginger has a high-water content so its easily contaminated with microbes and has active ingredients (gingerol) which are easily damaged by high temperatures. Ginger drying is intended for maintaining the quality of dry ginger and keep ginger from microbes. The drying process has done in continuously with solar dryer using flat plate type collector during the day and at night using the Molecular Sieve 13x desiccant. Drying varies the thickness of ginger 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm, and the amount ratio of desiccant: 1:1; 1:2; and 1:3. To get drying characteristics, every 1-hour mass calculated using an electric scale, and data logger every 5 minutes calculates the temperature and humidity rate (RH) in the drying chamber. The result from ginger drying is the thickness of 6 mm needed more than 20 hours of drying process so that it needed the combination of dryer compared to other thickness, and from quality analysis results of dry ginger, ash content parameters already accordance with SNI standards, and 1:1 material and desiccant ratio is the variation that most closely matches the SNI standard.

Stabilitas Reaktor Uplow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket-Hollow Centered Packed Bed dalam Produksi Biogas pada Kondisi Ruangan Surya Dana Sembiring; Irvan; Bambang Trisakti; Dewi Novita Sari Sihombing
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Anaerobic digestation was the docomposition of microbes from organic matter into methane, carbon dioxide, organic nutrients and compost in oxygen depletion and hydrogen gas. This study aimed to obtain the stability of the Uplow Anaerobic Sludge Hollow Centered Packed Bed reactor in biogas production at an ambient state that was seen through pH and alkalinity parameters. The process was carried out by varying hydraulic retention time, ei 45 days, 25 days, 10 days and 6 days with pH maintained 7 (±0,2). Analysis of pH and alkalinity was carried out to assess the stability of the reactor at ambient conditions using samples taken from the reactor overflow. The pH profile produced was relatively stable with a pH range between 5.8 - 7.2. The resulting alkalinity value was relatively stable with a pH range between 2,000-4,000 mg/L. The volume of biogas produced was 470 ml with concentration of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and trace hydrogen sulfide (H2S) respectively by 88.00%, 11.00% and 0.10%.

Proses Ekstraksi Asam Asetat dari Distilat Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa Menggunakan Pelarut Etil Asetat Rory Faham Partogi Siregar; Erni Misran; Iman Tri Cahyadi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Coconut shell is one of the most widely found biomass in Indonesia. It has potential to be utilized as raw material in producing liquid smoke. Liquid smoke is a distillate from pyrolysis of biomass. The distillate contains various compounds including acetic acid. This research is important to understand the effect of combined distillation and extraction on liquid smoke purificatian in obtaining acetic acid. The variation of solvent to feed ratio (2:1, 4:1, 6:1, dan 8:1) and temperature of extraction (30, 50, dan 70 °C) to obtain yield, acetic acid content, pH, and density which is the best among those of possible variable given. The objective of distillation is to separate the components with high boiling points such as tar. The main purpose of extraction is acetic acid recovery in order to obtain higher content of acetic acid in extract. The solvent in the process of extracting acetic acid is ethyl acetate. GC-MS analysis was also performed on this research to show composition of acetic acid from liquid smoke, distillate, and extract, which are all the composition of polar organic are also shown.

Kajian Model Interaksi pada Adsorpsi Logam Berat Kadmium (Cd2+) dengan Menggunakan Adsorben dari Pasir Hitam Bode Haryanto; Warren K Sinaga; Febri T Saragih
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

This study aimed to analyze the adsorption ability of black sand in the metal ions adsorb cadmium (Cd2+) with a concentration of 70 ppm to a solution with a pH of 4,5. The black sand is used is 40 mesh. This research was conducted by batch adsorption system naturally and adsorption kinetics modeling. Kinetics of adsorption reached equilibrium at time t = 120 minutes with the percentage concentration of adsorbed Cd2+ 18,5%. In the adsorption kinetics modeling correlation coefficient is almost the same between the equations of first order and second order in the amount of 0.98 and 0.99. The result indicated that the type of interaction Cd2+ ions on the surface of black sands occur in chemistry and physics. The adsorption kinetics of diffusion modeling of internal and external diffusion of the correlation coefficient of 0,85 and 0,71. From this data it can be seen that in this study is modeling kinetic internal diffusion trend that shows adsorbent particles are inter sand surface area that experienced internal inter-particle pore diffusion.

Aktivasi Bottom Ash dari Pembakaran Batubara untuk Menurunkan Kandungan Senyawa Fosfat dalam Air Fatimah; Budi Pratama Tarigan; Alfikri Ramadhan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

This study aims to look at the effect of bottom ash activation with NaOH on the morphological structure and content of the elements contained in bottom ash and see the effect of activation on the absorption of phosphate compounds in water by bottom ash. Bottom ash from PT SOCIMAS coal combustion has been activated with NaOH and has been used to adsorb phosphate. Phosphate used in the form of KH3PO4. Bottom ash was first characterized by SEM-EDS to see the morphological structure and the element content contained in the bottom ash. Bottom ash mass variations used are (1, 2, and 3 grams), and particle size (50-70 mesh, 70-110 mesh, and 110-140 mesh). The activation process lasts for 5 hours using 3 M NaOH, then washed to pH 7. The bottom ash is activated then characterized again with SEM-EDS to ensure the impurities present in the bottom ash are reduced. Furthermore, bottom ash is used to adsorb phosphate with time variations of 20, 40, and 60 minutes. The most effective adsorption capacity (6.39 mg / g) is at the 20th minute with a particle size of 110-140 mesh and a bottom ash mass of 1 gram. The Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm model is used to describe the phosphate ion adsorption isotherm by the bottom ash. Based on the data obtained, the isotherm model suitable for this research is the Freudlich (R2 = 0.9721) and Langmuir (R2 = 0.9505) isotherm model.

Ekstraksi Pektin dari Limbah Kulit Jeruk (Citrus sinensis) dengan Metode Ekstraksi Gelombang Ultrasonik Menggunakan Pelarut Asam Klorida (HCl) Delvia Ariska Damanik; Setiaty Pandia
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Pectin is complex polysaccharide contained D-galacturonic acid bonded by α -1,4 glucosidic in plant cell walls. Pectin widely used in pharmaceutical, food and beverage industries. This study evaluates the effect of solvent and stirring speed on pectin characteristic. The study utilizes ultrasonic wave and acid solvent at the presence of ethanol to yield pectin following by drying to obtain dried pectin. This study carries out using 25 grams orange peels, 10 %, chloride acid solvent, 60 minutes extraction time, temperature of 60 oC, ultrasonic wave speed 50 KHz and 16 hours settling time at various solvent concentrations 0.025 N; 0.05 N; 0.075 N and stirring speed 0 rpm; 50 rpm; 100 rpm; 150 rpm. The results showed that the highest yield of pectin extraction was obtained at concentration of 0.075 N with 20.12 %; stirring speed 150 rpm, water content 8.0 %; 4,0 % ash content, and 7.44 % methoxyl content.

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Rondang Tambun

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rondang@usu.ac.id

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+6281263166850

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rondang@usu.ac.id

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Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara Jl. Almamater Kampus USU, Medan

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