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Agung Ari Wibowo
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan
Published by Politeknik Negeri Malang
ISSN : 25798537     EISSN : 25799746     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jtkl
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
JTKL editors welcome manuscripts in the form of research articles, literature review, or case reports that have not been accepted for publication or even published in other scientific journals. Articles published in cover key areas in the development of chemical and environmental engineering sciences, such as: Energy Waste treatment Unit operation Thermodynamic Process simulation Development and application of new material Chemical engineering reaction Biochemical Biomass Corrosion technology The "JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA DAN LINGKUNGAN" journal is a peer-reviewed Open Access scientific journal published by Politeknik Negeri Malang. This journal first appeared in October 2017. The main purpose of the journal was to support publication of the results of scientific and research activities in the field of Chemical and Environmental Engineering. It is published twice a year in April and October.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Kimia Proses dan Teknologi
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023" : 9 Documents clear
Reducing Sugar Production by Cellulose Immobilized Enzyme from the Oil Palm Empty Fruit Brunch (OPEFB) Treated by Organosolv Pretreatment Vini Ivania Pardeny; Alvanissa Nurfadiya; Irwan Hidayatulloh; Muhammad Umair Ul Haq; Ayu Ratna Permanasari
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.2437

Abstract

Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) is lignocellulosic that consists of 13.20-25.31% lignin, 42.70-65.00% cellulose, and 17.10-33.50% hemicellulose. Cellulose can be used as a material for a new renewable energy source in the term of reducing sugar through a combination of organosolv pretreatment and hydrolysis process using immobilized enzymes. Organosolv pretreatment was used for lignin degradation, by using ethanol as solvent, which are environmentally friendly and easy to recover, with a concentration S/L 10%(w/w), in 160°C for 90-150 min. The following process is to produce crude enzyme from Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride. The resulting crude enzyme cellulase activity of 0.774 U/mL. Then, the crude enzyme is immobilized by Chitosan-GDA. OPEFB hydrolysis process with immobilized cellulase was carried out for 5, 7 and 9 days at 37°C. The best result of lignin degradation reaches out 56.68% lignin removal at 160°C for 150 min, while the hydrolysis of cellulose gives the highest yield, 47.59%, in the 9 days processing time.
Restaurant Liquid Waste Treatment into Clean Water Using Graded Filter-Ultrafiltration Membrane Polyethersulfone (PES) Method Intan Fadhilah; Abd Mujahid Hamdan; Fachrul Razi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.1691

Abstract

Restaurant liquid waste contains elevated pollutant levels and is commonly discharged directly into the environment, leading to adverse impacts on ecosystems and aquatic life. The traditional methods for processing such wastewater often involve extensive land usage and complicated operations, posing challenges for effective treatment. Therefore, there is a need for a more practical technology to manage restaurant liquid waste, and one promising approach is the utilization of membrane technology for wastewater treatment. In this study, the researchers employed a combination process of multilevel filters with downflow flow and PES membrane ultrafiltration to treat the restaurant liquid waste. The multilevel filter comprised several layers of filter media, including silica sand, activated carbon, zeolite, and gravel, with specific thicknesses on a PVC pipe. For the PES membrane, two different concentrations were tested: 15% and 20% PES. To evaluate the efficiency of the treatment process, pollutant parameters such as pH, TSS (Total Suspended Solids), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), and turbidity were measured. The results indicated significant pollutant reduction: pH levels could reach 6.9, TSS degradation achieved up to 98.37%, COD degradation up to 88.14%, and turbidity degradation up to 97.03%. Based on the outcomes, the most effective treatment for converting restaurant wastewater into clean water involved the combined use of multilevel filters and a 20% PES membrane ultrafiltration system.
The Potential of Cassava Peel Waste as a Material of Biodegradable Plastic using Calcium Silicate Filler Noor Isnaini Azkiya; S. Sigit Udjiana; Arya Rizqy Irangga; Anatasya Tania Febiyanti
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.1721

Abstract

Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be degraded and decomposed quickly by microorganisms in the soil. In this study, biodegradable plastic was made with starch from cassava peel waste, sorbitol as a plasticizer, and calcium silicate as a filler. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the amount of filler and the amount of plasticizer on biodegradation properties, tensile and elongation strength, and water absorption properties. The variables used in the plasticizer are 30%, 40%, and 50% (w/w) of the weight of cassava peel starch. While the variables used for filler are 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% (w/w) of the weight of cassava peel starch. The results of the study showed that the highest biodegradation test results were 81.7% with 7% calcium silicate filler variables and 50% plasticizer sorbitol, tensile strength test obtained the highest value of 0.767 MPa on 3% calcium silicate filler variables and 30% sorbitol, elongation test with the highest value on the filler variable calcium silicate 7% and sorbitol 30% that is equal to 5.20% and the water adsorption test obtained the smallest value is 10.33% on the filler variable calcium silicate 1% and sorbitol 30%. The biodegradable plastic as a result of this research has met the standards for degradation ability based on the ASTM 6400 standard but has not met the standards for tensile strength, elongation, and water adsorption.
Characterization of Bioethanol from Tuber of Porang Waste Fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Enzyme: Effect of Fermentation Time and Yeast Ratio Rina Ridara; Muhammad Muhammad; Adi Setiawan; Shafira Riskina; Siti Nurjannah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3199

Abstract

The production of bioethanol from non-plant lignocellulosic materials has reached a commercial scale and is advocated as a possible solution for the decarbonization of the transport sector. Porang pulp tubers can be converted into bioethanol because they have abundant potential due to their high glucomannan content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation time and the ratio of yeast addition on bioethanol production. The methods used are hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation methods. The hydrolysis process used 5% (v/v) HCl catalyst, the fermentation process with 6 gr sample powder tuber of waste used Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria with varying ratios of 2.5, 4 and 6.5 g and variations in fermentation time for 2, 4 and 6 days at 38-40˚C. The results showed that the duration of fermentation had a significant effect on the yield of bioethanol, where microorganisms have the opportunity to break down more glucose to produce bioethanol. While the ratio of the addition of yeast added to the fermentation process, the greater the ratio of the addition of yeast, the greater the bioethanol produced. Where the addition of 6.5 grams of yeast and 6 days of fermentation time, resulted in a yield of 9.889%, a bioethanol concentration of 37.599%, a refractive index of 1.3642 and a density of 1.04 g/ml.
Efficiency of FeSO4.7H2O as a Coagulant on Chromium Hexavalent Removal Using Coagulation-Flocculation Process: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology Andi Baso Pangeran; Moh. Azhar Afandy; Fikrah Dian Indrawati Sawali
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3560

Abstract

Response Surface Methodology-Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD) is widely employed in the process of optimizing the applications of coagulants for wastewater treatment. The experiment aims to evaluate the effect of the FeSO4.7H2O concentration and settling time on removing the chromium hexavalent (Cr (VI)) from wastewater by coagulation-flocculation using RSM-CCD. This experiment was carried out based on the results of the model and optimization using the RSM-CCD to obtain the removal efficiency of Cr (VI) as well as determine the influence of the concentration of FeSO4.7H2O (X1) and settling time (X2). The RSM-CCD experimental design uses a two-factor and two-level design with 13 experimental runs and 5 center points. Inter-variable regression coefficients are also produced with the elimination of Cr (VI). The ANOVA test results showed a fairly significant figure for the assembled model. The model validation results show that the proposed model is compatible with the experimental results. RSM optimization shows optimum conditions based on experimental FeSO4.7H2O coagulant concentration variables and coagulation time at 150 mg/L coagulant concentration and 60 minutes of time, and the prediction results based on RSM-CCD optimization using Design Expert show the most optimum condition at 165,562 mg/L coagulant concentrations and 60,527 minutes of time.
Making Charcoal from Nipah (Nypa fruticans) Frond Waste as an Adsorbent to Extend the Shelf Life of Fresh Bread Ayu Nur Sabila; Theresia Evila Purwanti Sri Rahayu; Oto Prasadi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3643

Abstract

Fresh bread has high potential for creating food waste that increases every year, because of its relatively short shelf life of 3-4 days after leaving the baking process. One way to extend the shelf life of bread is by using charcoal. Nipah fronds contain lignin elements that are good for charcoal. This study aims to determine the characteristics of charcoal from nipah fronds, the effectiveness of charcoal's ability to extend the shelf life of fresh bread, the effect of burning time, particle size and adsorbent mass on the storage time of fresh bread, the effect of the ratio of nipah frond adsorbent to commercial silica gel on the storage time compared to quality requirements of fresh bread of SNI 01-3840-1995 2013. Charcoal characterization includes quality tests based on SNI No. 06-3730-1995 on technical charcoal, namely water content and iodine absorption parameters and also Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test. Based on the results of the study, charcoal from nipah frond waste has characteristics of water content that have met the quality standards of SNI 06-3730-1995 and in iodine absorbency only samples with pyrolysis time of 4 hours that have met the quality standards of SNI 06-3730-1995. Giving variations in charcoal burning time, mass and particle size of adsorbent powder affects the shelf life and quality requirements of fresh bread. Adsorbent packaging using teabags and silica gel paper can extend the shelf life of fresh bread up to 27 hours compared to those without adsorbent.
Potential of Citronella Oil and Gum Rosin as Antimicrobial Agents in Floor Cleaner Liquid Against Salmonella thypi Wa Ode Cakra Nirwana; Chandrawati Cahyani; Vivi Nurhadianty
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3737

Abstract

Some floor cleaner products on the market contain antimicrobial agents that are harmful to humans and the environment, such as benzalkonium chloride. Therefore, searching for a new antimicrobial agent that is relatively safe is a significant challenge. In this study, we investigated the best formula for making floor cleaner using citronella oil and gum rosin as antimicrobial agents. Its antimicrobial activity against Salmonella thypi was investigated and compared with that of a commercial floor cleaner containing benzalkonium chloride. Five concentrations and ratios of citronella oil and gum rosin were investigated. The quality of floor cleaner in terms of pH range and the stability of the emulsion in hard water was assessed according to SNI 06-1842-1995. The results showed that all formulas met the pH range required by SNI, except for formulas containing citronella oil alone. The emulsion in hard water was stable for all formulas. The antimicrobial activity increased with increasing concentrations of antimicrobial agents. Citronella oil exhibited higher antimicrobial activity than gum rosin. Benzalkonium chloride showed higher microbial activity than gum rosin but lower than citronella oil. The combination of citronella oil and gum rosin showed higher microbial activity by 1.1–2.4 times than formulas containing benzalkonium chloride. The optimum floor cleaner formula (a concentration of citronella oil and gum rosin of 2% with a ratio of 1:1) has an inhibition zone diameter of 22.2 mm.
Evaluation and Management of B3 Waste Sludge via the Sludge Oil Recovery (SOR) Program at PT. X Plaju Widya Reza Nurdiasna; Iva Yenis Septiariva; I Wayan Koko Suryawan; Mega Mutiara Sari; Nova Ulhasanah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3851

Abstract

With the ever-increasing need for waste management solutions, PT. X Plaju is one of the entities that contribute to B3 waste production, a waste type characterized by its explosive, flammable, reactive, corrosive, and toxic properties. This research centers on the evaluation and management of B3 waste sludge, particularly at PT. X Plaju. The institution implements two licensed B3 waste control programs: the Sludge Oil Recovery (SOR) and used lubricant utilization programs. The SOR program, which focuses on recovering components from oil deposits or sludge, operates under the recovery principle. This study showcases the importance of the oil component in the oil sludge, emphasizing that it must constitute more than 20% of the total volume to be deemed suitable for refinery production. Our findings highlighted a water content of 28.32% within the waste oil sludge. Additionally, the ultimate analysis showcased carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen compositions of 85.99%, 13.42%, and 0.21%, respectively, while the density was measured at 0.85 gr/cc. This research offers insights into the waste management practices of PT. X Plaju, emphasizing the potential of the SOR program in managing B3 waste effectively.
Simulation of Furfural and Levulinic Acid Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass Jabosar Ronggur Hamonangan Panjaitan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.4141

Abstract

Furfural and levulinic acid are chemicals that can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass. In this research, mass balance simulation of furfural and levulinic acid production at scale of 100 tons of biomass/year was examined. This research using various models of kinetic reaction and biomass to solvent ratio from lignocellulosic biomass raw materials consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ash, and water composition of 35%, 30%, 25%, 3%, and 7%. The kinetic models used in this research were separate kinetic models and simultaneous model (model-3). The separate kinetic models were divided into two models which separate kinetic model 1 (model-1) and separate kinetic model 2 (model-2). SuperPro Designer 9.0 software was used to calculate mass balance simulation. From the research, it was found that variations in kinetic reaction model affected furfural and levulinic acid production. Higher biomass to solvent ratio produced higher furfural and levulinic acid production. The highest furfural produced from simulation process was kinetic reaction model-2 with a biomass to solvent ratio of 1:30 and 0.67 liter furfural/hour. While the highest levulinic acid produced from the simulation process was kinetic reaction model-1 with a biomass to solvent ratio of 1:30 and 2.37 liter levulinic acid/hour.

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