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Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia

jsmi
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Published by Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional

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Core Subject : Science,

Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Materials Science), diterbitkan oleh Pusat Teknologi Bahan Industri Nuklir - BATAN. Terbit pertama kali: Oktober 1999, frekuensi terbit: empat bulanan.

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Articles 15 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011" : 15 Documents clear

TARGETING DESIGN TO THE LUNGAND PULMONARY INTRACELLULAR STRUCTURE OF ENDOGENOUS GENE BY IRQ MODIFIED NANO CARRIER Diky Mudhakir; Hidetaka Akita; Hideyoshi Harashima
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

TARGETING DESIGN TO THE LUNGAND PULMONARY INTRACELLULAR STRUCTURE OF ENDOGENOUS GENE BY IRQ MODIFIED NANO CARRIER. Inhibition of angiogenesis is a novel strategy for the treatment of lung cancer. For efficient therapy, vectors must firstly reach the target tissue and subsequently demonstrate an efficient intracellular targeting. In this study, we attempted to design a vector for in vivo pulmonary targeting which was able to deliver small interfering RibonucleicAcid (siRNA) for endogenous gene of angiogenesis in pulmonary endothelial cells. siRNA was condensed with polycation agent and encapsulated in lipidous nano carrier. To obtain high level of lung accumulation, we controlled the surface of nano-carrier by changing the length of Polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety. These nano carriers showed prominent Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) effect, when luciferase gene was used as a target. In addition, an efficient transgene knockdown of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1 (VEGFR1), a responsible gene of angiogenesis, can be obtained by the Instantaneous Respiratory Exchange Ratio (IRQ) modified nano carrier with the use of Stearyl-R8 (STR-R8) peptide, known as an endosomal membrane inducer. In conclusion, pulmonary targeting of nano carrier by encapsulating siRNA can be developed by controlling the PEG length and the structure of nano carrier for efficient intracellular targeting.

THE EFFECTS OF IMPACT MODIFIERS ON THE PROCESSABILITY AND THE TOUGHNESS OF POLY VINYL CHLORIDE PROFILES Nutt Lumpikanond; Sirijutaratana Covavisaruch
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

THE EFFECTS OF IMPACT MODIFIERS ON THE PROCESSABILITY AND THE TOUGHNESS OF POLY VINYL CHLORIDE PROFILES. Extruded Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) door profile and window profiles often fail at the bend. This research aims to reduce such problem by enhancing the toughness of the PVC profiles while still maintaining their load bearing function and stiffness. Three impact modifiers namely methacrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and nano-scaled nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) were employed in the PVC profiles at 1-11 phr. The processability assessed by rheometric study revealed only a slight increase in the torque required to process the melt PVC dosed with CPE and nano NBR while that required for the PVC with MBS was raised quite significantly. Although the PVC modified with MBS melted faster at a lower temperature, a rapid rise of temperature was observed during processing. The heat was probably due to the higher friction and shear induced by the rather viscous PVC melt dosed with MBS. Mechanical tests in terms of impact energy, stiffness and hardness revealed that the toughening efficiency of all three impact modifiers were close at low content, but at around 9 and 11 phr, the MBS and the CPE enhanced the impact energy quite rapidly by four folds while their corresponding hardness and stiffness were lowered considerably.

SYNTHESISAND CHARACTERIZATION OFNATURALRUBBER-SILICACOMPOSITE Indra Gunawan; Hildayati Hildayati; Sudirman Sudirman; Emil Budianto
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

SYNTHESISAND CHARACTERIZATION OFNATURALRUBBER-SILICACOMPOSITE. The composite of natural rubber-silica have been developed with a combination of silica (SiO2)particles in irradiated natural rubber. This research was conducted with the aim to composite material with irradiated natural rubber as the matrix and silica particles as filler and to study the distribution of silica in the matrix as well as mechanical and physical properties. The results showed that the SiO2 particles homogenously distributed across the surface of natural rubber matrix as the cluster. The particles are arranged as a cluster by using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as a coupling agent. Tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation at break of composite materials have increased as the addition of SiO2 on the composition of 9 to 12 percent weight in natural rubber. Additions of SiO2 composition in the matrix will also increase the hardness of the composite. Structural analysis were performed using FT-IR and SEM. Composite of natural rubber-SiO2 have a great potential to be applied as a natural rubber base materials mainly as protective products with higher performance.

PREPARATION OF ELECTROCHEMICALLY IMMOBILIZED IRON ON THIN FILM FAUJASITE-NANOZEOLITE MODIFIED GLASSY CARBON Yuni K. Krisnandi; Ivandini T. Anggraningrum; Hanny Tovina; Aminah Aminah
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

PREPARATION OF ELECTROCHEMICALLY IMMOBILIZED IRON ON THIN FILM FAUJASITE-NANOZEOLITE MODIFIED GLASSY CARBON. Metal iron that electrochemically immobilized on thin film faujasite type of nanozeolite (FAU-nanozeolite) grown on polyelectrolyte (PDDA, PSS, PDDA layers) modified glassy carbon has been prepared. Thin film of FAU-type nanozeolite was synthesized using seeding method. The seeded modified-glassy carbon then was immersed in FAU colloidal suspension at 100 oC for certain period. XRD patterns of the seed and as-synthesized zeolite powder have similarity with the patterns from standard NaY zeolite. SEM images of thin film nanozeolite also show the appearance of crystals with homogeneous size of about < 1 μm. The best spread thin film was obtained when using 3 ml seed and immersion in colloidal FAU solution for 20 hours. The thin film then was utilized for metal iron synthesis, in which Fe(III) from FeNO3 solution containing Na-citrate of that adsorbed on the surface of thin film was electrochemically reduced to (Fe0). SEM image shows some aggregates (size > 100 nm) of the nanozeolite thin film. However, it can also be seen that the crystals actually consist of smaller particles with size < 100 nm. The EDS mapping of the surface indicates that after electrochemical treatment, the surface of thin film consists of about 0.30% (w/w) iron that spread evently both on the surface covered by nanozeolite thin film and that from modified glassy carbon.

THE APPLICATION OF BENTONE AS NANOFILLER IN POLYPROPYLENE NANOCOMPOSITES Ariadne L. Juwono; Seto Roseno; Andes T. Agnelia
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/jsmi.2011.12.2.4598

THE APPLICATION OF BENTONE AS NANOFILLER IN POLYPROPYLENE NANOCOMPOSITES. For the last two decades, thermoplastic polymer based nanocomposites have been developed because of their superior properties. The benefits of these materials are light weight, high stiffness, and good resistance. With an addition of a small amount of filler, some properties improved significantly. This paper presents the tensile and flexural properties of a polypropylene with a dispersion of commercial Bentone clay in the matrix. Bentone polypropylene nanocomposites were successfully prepared by a melt intercalation method. The melting process was initiated by the addition of a modifier and an initiator. Bentone polypropylene nanocomposites with the variation of bentone contents were then analyzed. A pattern of clay morphology typically found in polypropylene based nanocomposites was observed using an X-Ray diffraction and a transmission electron microscope. These findings showed that an intercalated structure was formed. Furthermore, the value of tensile and flexural modulus as well as the value of tensile strength increased by an addition of 1 wt% bentone.

STUDY OF THERMOMECHANICAL EFFECTS OF MAIN CHAIN LIQUID CRYSTAL ELASTOMER AS FUNCTION OF CROSSLINKER CONCENTRATION Irna Farikhah; Yusril Yusuf
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

STUDY OF THERMOMECHANICAL EFFECTS OF MAIN CHAIN LIQUID CRYSTAL ELASTOMER AS FUNCTION OF CROSSLINKER CONCENTRATION. Thermomechanical effects of dry Main Chain Liquid Crystal Elastomer (MCLCE) with the different concentration of crosslinker 8 %, 12 %, 14% and 16% have been studied. Length of MCLCE monotonically shrinks parallel to the director, while it expands perpendicularly to the director, with a somewhat faster change at nematic isotropic transition phase, Tni. The result of the investigation showed that the value of maximum contraction is greater and faster than maximum expansion.

EFFECT OF NCO/OH RATIO AND MOLD SYSTEM ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAM BASED ON PALM OIL Evi Triwulandari; Agus Haryono; Wiwik Pudjiastuti
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

EFFECT OF NCO/OH RATIO AND MOLD SYSTEM ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAM BASED ON PALM OIL. A new kind of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) was synthesized from palm oil based polyol. Hydroxy methoxy polyol was prepared from epoxidation and hydroxylation process, and called as hydroxyl methoxy glycerolmonostearate (HMGMS) polyol. Synthesis process of rigid polyurethane foam was conducted by reaction between HMGMS polyol and methylene diphenyldiisocyanate (MDI) via one shoot process in the presence of additive i.e. ethylene glycol (chain extender), silicon glycol (surfactant), dimethylcyclohexylamine (amine catalyst), stannous octoate (organometalic catalyst) and water as blowing agent. In this work, we investigated the effect of NCO/OH ratio (1.8 ; 2.0 ; 2.2 ; 2.4) and mold system (closed mold and open mold) on the physical and mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam. The physical and mechanical properties of rigid foam were conducted by determining the bulk density, dimensional stability, degree of water absorption and compressive strength. It was found out that NCO/OH ratio and mold type were important variables in making RPUF. Key words :

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER COMPOSITES BASED ON ACRYLIC ACID, ACRYLAMIDE AND BENTONITE A. Zainal Abidin; I. Noezar; Ridhawati Ridhawati
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER COMPOSITES BASED ON ACRYLIC ACID, ACRYLAMIDE AND BENTONITE. Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) is a hydrogel material which is capable of absorbing and or storing liquid up to a hundred times of its dry weight. SAP was synthesized from monomers of acrylic acid and acrylamide. Beside that a superabsorbent polymer composite (SAPC) was also made by grafting the SAP with bentonite. The polymerization processes were carried out using a chemical method of a ammonium persulphate (APS) as chemical initiator and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslink forming materials at temperature of 70 oC in the 500 mL round flask. The homogeneity of the mixture was achieved by an adjustable magnetic stirrer. The result of polymer formed was identified using a FT-IR spectroscopy and the characteristic of absorption was studied using demineral water and 0.9 % NaCl solution. The maximum absorption capacity obtained from SAP is 339 g/g in water and 65 g/g in NaCl solution, while the maximum absorption rate obtained from SPAc is 19.43 g/min in water and 7.3 g/min in NaCl solution. It is interesting to note the absorption characteristic of SAP and SAPc above, the SAP is better in capacity of absorption while the SAPC is better in the rate of absorption. This phenomenon is supported by the result of morphology identification of SEM that shows the micro porous structure of SAP is bigger in number but smaller in pore sizes, while the micro porous structure of SAPC is smaller in number but bigger pore sizes.

PHASE IDENTIFICATION OF SYNTHESIZED HYDROXYAPATITE IN DIFFERENT CALCINATION TEMPERATURE Decky J. Indrani; Bambang Soegijono
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

PHASE IDENTIFICATION OF SYNTHESIZED HYDROXYAPATITE IN DIFFERENT CALCINATION TEMPERATURE. For bone tissue engineering, hydroxyapatite scaffolds for cell growth are attracting due to their bioactivity and similarity to human bone component. The sol-gel route used in previous studies provided high crystalline hydroxyapatite and second phase occurred at higher calcination temperature. The aim of the present research was to synthesize and characterize HA prepared using the wet precipitation method in different calcinations temperature. The synthesis of hydroxyapatite was prepared using calcium and phosphorous precursor. The synthesized hydroxyapatite were then calcined at temperatures up to 900 °C. Rietveld refinement was used to examine the entire XRD patterns and FT-IR measurement was employed to observe the functional group of the synthesized HA. Results showed that HA material with the apatite structure were produced as was analyzed by XRD and Rietveld refinements. Chemical analysis indicated the existence of P-O vibrational modes from phosphate group and O-H from absorbed water confirming the formation of HA. Rietveld analysis revealed the existance of CaO phase at 300 °C, however, it was not observed at higher calcination temperature. The present study indicated that the wet precipitation method has induced the formation of HA without CaO phase at temperature above 300 °C. HA with increased crystallinity were produced in line with the raise in temperature.

GRAFTING OF CELLULOSIC PALMITATE-METHYL METHACRYLATE BY ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THEIR MEMBRANES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Asep Riswoko; Tri Suryanti
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 12, No 2: FEBRUARI 2011
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

GRAFTING OF CELLULOSIC PALMITATE-METHYL METHACRYLATE BY ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THEIR MEMBRANES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES. A cellulose derivative membrane, cellulosic palmitate, has been modified to give a better mechanical properties of composite membranes. Modification has been carried out by adding methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto cellulosic palmitate with volume ratio 1:1 and then irradiated by electron beam at dosage of 3, 5, 7, 9, and 10 kGy. The best performance of MMA grafted cellulosic membrane was successfully obtained for irradiation dose at 5 kGy which has a tensile strength of 76,92 Kg/cm2 (stronger than that of the original cellulosic palmitate membrane up to 75%). This result is supported by FT-IR spectra which showed that grafting methyl methacrylate onto cellulosic palmitate increased the intensity of absorbance of -CH2- group (1468.47 and 1450.47 cm-1). In addition, there are also strong absorption in region 1068.64 and 1014.56 cm-1 which is absorption for C-O-C (ether linkage) between cellulosic palmitate and methyl methacrylate. X-Ray Diffraction and SEM analysis were also revealed that adding of MMA on cellulosic palmitate affected a degree of crystalline and morphology membrane.

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