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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 35, No 4 (2003)" : 14 Documents clear
The effect of 2% salicylic acid as a support of 10% benzoil peroxide gel for mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Rahajeng Musy, Rahajeng Musy
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Background: Cleansing is necessary before the application of topical therapy for acne vulgaris. However ordinary soap leads to dryness. Two percent salicylic acid has comedolytic, anti inflammation and moisturizing activity.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of 2% salicylic acid soap as a support of 10% benzoil peroxide gel for mild to moderate acne vulgaris.Material and method: The design of this study was randomized, double blind, clinical trial. Fifty twofemales with mild to moderate acne vulgaris with the mean of the age was 18.9 ± 3.06 years old were divided into 2 groups. The first group was treated with 2% salicylic acid soap and the second group was treated with soap base, in addition to 10% benzoil peroxide gel for both groups. The clinical assessment was conducted by counting the acne lesion at 2, 4, 8, and 12 week. While the level of moisture and sebum of the skin was measured by corneometer and sebumeter of Courage – Khazaka at 4, 8, and 12 week. The difference between 2 groups was analyzed statistically by t-test, chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. The difference was considered to be significant if p < 0.05.Result: There was significant reduction of the open comedone in salicylic acid soap group 
Profile of patients diagnosed as sepsis (ICD X: A41.9) in the Internal Medicine Ward Sardjito Hospital in 2002 Yanri Wijayanti Subroto, Yanri Wijayanti Subroto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (136.28 KB)

Abstract

Background: Sardjito Hospital as the top referral hospital for the Yogyakarta Special Province and the southern part of Central Java has a mortality rate of 56.83% of patients diagnosed as sepsis (ICD X A41.9). The overall hospital sepsis case in the year 2002 was 275, with 50.54% (139) of which was treated in the Internal Medicine ward. Out of the 139 cases, 44.60% was man and 55.40% was woman. Method: This study was focused on the identification of demographic and clinical factors of patients diagnosed as sepsis (ICD X A41.9) in Internal. Medicine ward Sardjito Hospital in 2002. Demographic data include sex, age, system of hospital admission (referral or self admition. Clinical data include the concomitant disease(s), causes of death, and type of cultured microorganism(s). The identification of these factors may be beneficial for designing an early warning system for fatal cases of patients with sepsisResults: Only 120 (86.33%) out of 139 medical records were eligible for further analysis. Seventy-one (59.17%) patients died in the hospital, whereas 49 (40.83%) were discharged from the hospital, but mostly were forced leave (only 6 patients were discharged in a good condition). The median ± SD age was 53.5 ± 15.99 years old with the youngest age was 17 and the oldest was 98. More than 50% of patients were above 50 years old. As many as 72 (60%) patients were admitted to the hospital referred by other hospitals (a few numbers were referred by private physicians), and only 48 (40%) patients were self-admitted. The average length of hospitalization was 6.96 ± 5.43 days, with the range of 1-25 days. The cause of death of these patients were mostly septic shock (61.97%), followed by respiratory failure (19.72%), intracranial process (14%), cardiac arrest (2.8%) and MOFS (1.4%). The underlying/concomitant diseases are:. gastrohepatology (mostly hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma); hematology (acute leukemia, multiple myeloma), pulmonology (TB, COPD, pneumonia), oncology (Ca mammae, Ca cervix); endocrinology (DM type 2 with ulcus diabeticum), nephrology (chronic renal failure), cardiology (congestive heart failure), obsgyn (septic puerpuralis) and trop-med (urinary tract infection, malaria), etc.Conclusion: We report here research on medical record of patients diagnosed as sepsis (ICD X: A41.9) in Internal Medicine ward Dr. Sardjito Hospital in 2002. There were 139 cases with only 120 were eligible for analysis. Mortality reached 59.17% of cases with median of age 53.5 years and average length of hospitalization of 6.96 days. The most common cause of death was septic shock and gastrohepatology as the most common comorbid disease.Key words: sepsis-demographic-clinical presentation-cause of death
Risk factors of constipation in children Dyah Kurniati, Dyah Kurniati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (103.787 KB)

Abstract

Background: Despite it is not considered as a dangerous situation in children older than 2 years old, but attention is important in young infant. Improper treatment in constipation may contributed to the raise of anxiety, emotionally disorder either for the children or its relatives.Objective: To determine risk factors related to constipation in children.Design and Methods: A case control study was conducted for all of children who were admitted to ambulatory polyclinic and inpatient clinic of Sardjito Hospital during January 2001 - December 2001. A questionnaire was obtained by the researcher or assistant by direct interview to parent or guardian.Results: We enrolled 86 children, consisted of 43 children in constipation group and the43 children as control. There was significant  difference (p  < 0.01) between two groups in the presence of the symp-toms (abdominal pain, pain during defecation, vomit, decrease of appetite and encopresis). More childrenin constipation group and significant difference (p<0.01) when reported having toilet training distur- bance, daily fluid intake, the variety of daily meals (vegetables, fruits) and sweetened foods. Relative risk of having constipation due to toilet training disturbance in constipations group is 0.14 (CI:  0.06 - 0.38).Conclusion: Toilet training disturbance, daily fluid intake, the variability of daily meals and sweetened foods are risk factors of constipation in childhood.Key words: children - constipation - clinical findings- risk factors
Death: clinical and forensic anthropological perspectives Etty Indriati, Etty Indriati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (222.867 KB)

Abstract

All biological living beings inevitably die, and the ways to die vary although in essence death is a manifestation of the absence of Oxygen in the brain. After death, biological remains undertake proteolysis and decomposition. The aim of this article is to discuss clinical death, cerebral or medicolegal death, social death, phases of cerebral death, and biological process after death—which is important for forensic medicine and forensic anthropology. How long a person die, if the time elapsed is in minutes, hours, days and a week,-it is within the field of medical forensic and pathological forensic. If the time elapsed after death is in weeks, months, or years, it is within the field of forensic anthropology. The time elapsed from biological death to the examination of the death is called postmortem interval. Five case studies on postmortem interval are presented in this article. It can be concluded that knowledge of the biological process of death and the fate of biological remains after death are important for handling abnormal death both in forensic medicine and forensic anthropology.Key words: clinical death, cerebral death, postmortem interval, forensic medicine, forensic anthropology
Identification and test of active protein resemble Ribosomr-inactivating proteins (RIPs) on Kaemferia rotunda Linn Wiryatun Lestariana, Wiryatun Lestariana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Statistically data of US Mortality showed that percentage cause of the death of the cancer is in second place after the heart diseases. Indonesia, Java especially Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, the data of The Dr. Sardjito hospital showed that the patients of cancer was increasing in the last year. Indonesian, especially Javanese, uses white turmeric to prevent and to treat cancer. There are some varieties of turmeric available commercially such as Curcuma (Cl mangga Val & Jijp, C. zeodaria and Kaemferia (K) rotunda Linn. The studies showed that C. mangga contain proteins compound that resembles Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) which have activity to cleave supercoiled DNA. In vitro study indicated that the addition of crude extract of C. mangga on cancer cell-lines (B-LCL, EBV cells and Raji cell-lines) and normal lymphocytes, the percentage of cytotoxic effect on those cancer cell-lines were higher significantly than normal cells.Objective: The aim of the study was to know the presence of RIPs activity in K. rotunda Linn by the ability of the RIPs in cleaving the supercoiled DNA.Methods: The rhizomes of K. rotunda Linn that was in part dried at 40°C. Both wet and dried rhizomes are pounded and then extracted. The resulting crude extract was precipitated to obtain its protein fraction. The crude extract and protein with various concentrations were incubated with the supercoiled DNA and agarose gel electrophoresis was used to test its activity in cleaving the supercoiled DNA. The activity test was done by observing 3 criterions, viz. the thinning of the supercoiled DNA, the circular band thickening and the appearance of the linear band which were subsequently compared to the plasmid DNA without treatment.Result: The results showed that both crude extracts and proteins of both wet and dried samples were able to cleave supercoiled DNA into circular and linear form. The increasing concentrations of the crude extract and the protein resulted in increasing the activity which was indicated by the thickening of circular band and the appearance of the linear band .Conclusion: Kaemferia rotunda contains proteins compound that resemble Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs).which have ability to cleave supercoiled DNA to be circular and linear DNA.Key words: ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) - supercoiled DNA - circular DNA - linear DNA - Kaemferia rotunda Linn
Identification and test of active protein resemble Ribosomr-inactivating proteins (RIPs) on Kaemferia rotunda Linn Wiryatun Lestariana Wiryatun Lestariana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (11194.247 KB)

Abstract

Background: Statistically data of US Mortality showed that percentage cause of the death of the cancer is in second place after the heart diseases. Indonesia, Java especially Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, the data of The Dr. Sardjito hospital showed that the patients of cancer was increasing in the last year. Indonesian, especially Javanese, uses white turmeric to prevent and to treat cancer. There are some varieties of turmeric available commercially such as Curcuma (Cl mangga Val & Jijp, C. zeodaria and Kaemferia (K) rotunda Linn. The studies showed that C. mangga contain proteins compound that resembles Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) which have activity to cleave supercoiled DNA. In vitro study indicated that the addition of crude extract of C. mangga on cancer cell-lines (B-LCL, EBV cells and Raji cell-lines) and normal lymphocytes, the percentage of cytotoxic effect on those cancer cell-lines were higher significantly than normal cells.Objective: The aim of the study was to know the presence of RIPs activity in K. rotunda Linn by the ability of the RIPs in cleaving the supercoiled DNA.Methods: The rhizomes of K. rotunda Linn that was in part dried at 40°C. Both wet and dried rhizomes are pounded and then extracted. The resulting crude extract was precipitated to obtain its protein fraction. The crude extract and protein with various concentrations were incubated with the supercoiled DNA and agarose gel electrophoresis was used to test its activity in cleaving the supercoiled DNA. The activity test was done by observing 3 criterions, viz. the thinning of the supercoiled DNA, the circular band thickening and the appearance of the linear band which were subsequently compared to the plasmid DNA without treatment.Result: The results showed that both crude extracts and proteins of both wet and dried samples were able to cleave supercoiled DNA into circular and linear form. The increasing concentrations of the crude extract and the protein resulted in increasing the activity which was indicated by the thickening of circular band and the appearance of the linear band .Conclusion: Kaemferia rotunda contains proteins compound that resemble Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs).which have ability to cleave supercoiled DNA to be circular and linear DNA.Key words: ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) - supercoiled DNA - circular DNA - linear DNA - Kaemferia rotunda Linn
Profile of patients diagnosed as sepsis (ICD X: A41.9) in the Internal Medicine Ward Sardjito Hospital in 2002 Yanri Wijayanti Subroto Yanri Wijayanti Subroto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (136.28 KB)

Abstract

Background: Sardjito Hospital as the top referral hospital for the Yogyakarta Special Province and the southern part of Central Java has a mortality rate of 56.83% of patients diagnosed as sepsis (ICD X A41.9). The overall hospital sepsis case in the year 2002 was 275, with 50.54% (139) of which was treated in the Internal Medicine ward. Out of the 139 cases, 44.60% was man and 55.40% was woman. Method: This study was focused on the identification of demographic and clinical factors of patients diagnosed as sepsis (ICD X A41.9) in Internal. Medicine ward Sardjito Hospital in 2002. Demographic data include sex, age, system of hospital admission (referral or self admition. Clinical data include the concomitant disease(s), causes of death, and type of cultured microorganism(s). The identification of these factors may be beneficial for designing an early warning system for fatal cases of patients with sepsisResults: Only 120 (86.33%) out of 139 medical records were eligible for further analysis. Seventy-one (59.17%) patients died in the hospital, whereas 49 (40.83%) were discharged from the hospital, but mostly were forced leave (only 6 patients were discharged in a good condition). The median ± SD age was 53.5 ± 15.99 years old with the youngest age was 17 and the oldest was 98. More than 50% of patients were above 50 years old. As many as 72 (60%) patients were admitted to the hospital referred by other hospitals (a few numbers were referred by private physicians), and only 48 (40%) patients were self-admitted. The average length of hospitalization was 6.96 ± 5.43 days, with the range of 1-25 days. The cause of death of these patients were mostly septic shock (61.97%), followed by respiratory failure (19.72%), intracranial process (14%), cardiac arrest (2.8%) and MOFS (1.4%). The underlying/concomitant diseases are:. gastrohepatology (mostly hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma); hematology (acute leukemia, multiple myeloma), pulmonology (TB, COPD, pneumonia), oncology (Ca mammae, Ca cervix); endocrinology (DM type 2 with ulcus diabeticum), nephrology (chronic renal failure), cardiology (congestive heart failure), obsgyn (septic puerpuralis) and trop-med (urinary tract infection, malaria), etc.Conclusion: We report here research on medical record of patients diagnosed as sepsis (ICD X: A41.9) in Internal Medicine ward Dr. Sardjito Hospital in 2002. There were 139 cases with only 120 were eligible for analysis. Mortality reached 59.17% of cases with median of age 53.5 years and average length of hospitalization of 6.96 days. The most common cause of death was septic shock and gastrohepatology as the most common comorbid disease.Key words: sepsis-demographic-clinical presentation-cause of death
Risk factors of constipation in children Dyah Kurniati Dyah Kurniati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (103.787 KB)

Abstract

Background: Despite it is not considered as a dangerous situation in children older than 2 years old, but attention is important in young infant. Improper treatment in constipation may contributed to the raise of anxiety, emotionally disorder either for the children or its relatives.Objective: To determine risk factors related to constipation in children.Design and Methods: A case control study was conducted for all of children who were admitted to ambulatory polyclinic and inpatient clinic of Sardjito Hospital during January 2001 - December 2001. A questionnaire was obtained by the researcher or assistant by direct interview to parent or guardian.Results: We enrolled 86 children, consisted of 43 children in constipation group and the43 children as control. There was significant  difference (p  < 0.01) between two groups in the presence of the symp-toms (abdominal pain, pain during defecation, vomit, decrease of appetite and encopresis). More childrenin constipation group and significant difference (p<0.01) when reported having toilet training distur- bance, daily fluid intake, the variety of daily meals (vegetables, fruits) and sweetened foods. Relative risk of having constipation due to toilet training disturbance in constipations group is 0.14 (CI:  0.06 - 0.38).Conclusion: Toilet training disturbance, daily fluid intake, the variability of daily meals and sweetened foods are risk factors of constipation in childhood.Key words: children - constipation - clinical findings- risk factors
Death: clinical and forensic anthropological perspectives Etty Indriati Etty Indriati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (222.867 KB)

Abstract

All biological living beings inevitably die, and the ways to die vary although in essence death is a manifestation of the absence of Oxygen in the brain. After death, biological remains undertake proteolysis and decomposition. The aim of this article is to discuss clinical death, cerebral or medicolegal death, social death, phases of cerebral death, and biological process after death—which is important for forensic medicine and forensic anthropology. How long a person die, if the time elapsed is in minutes, hours, days and a week,-it is within the field of medical forensic and pathological forensic. If the time elapsed after death is in weeks, months, or years, it is within the field of forensic anthropology. The time elapsed from biological death to the examination of the death is called postmortem interval. Five case studies on postmortem interval are presented in this article. It can be concluded that knowledge of the biological process of death and the fate of biological remains after death are important for handling abnormal death both in forensic medicine and forensic anthropology.Key words: clinical death, cerebral death, postmortem interval, forensic medicine, forensic anthropology
The effect of 2% salicylic acid as a support of 10% benzoil peroxide gel for mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Rahajeng Musy Rahajeng Musy
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (10255.404 KB)

Abstract

Background: Cleansing is necessary before the application of topical therapy for acne vulgaris. However ordinary soap leads to dryness. Two percent salicylic acid has comedolytic, anti inflammation and moisturizing activity.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of 2% salicylic acid soap as a support of 10% benzoil peroxide gel for mild to moderate acne vulgaris.Material and method: The design of this study was randomized, double blind, clinical trial. Fifty twofemales with mild to moderate acne vulgaris with the mean of the age was 18.9 ± 3.06 years old were divided into 2 groups. The first group was treated with 2% salicylic acid soap and the second group was treated with soap base, in addition to 10% benzoil peroxide gel for both groups. The clinical assessment was conducted by counting the acne lesion at 2, 4, 8, and 12 week. While the level of moisture and sebum of the skin was measured by corneometer and sebumeter of Courage – Khazaka at 4, 8, and 12 week. The difference between 2 groups was analyzed statistically by t-test, chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. The difference was considered to be significant if p < 0.05.Result: There was significant reduction of the open comedone in salicylic acid soap group 

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