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Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science

IJAS
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Published by Kementerian Pertanian

ISSN : 1411982X EISSN : 23548509 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

The journal publishes primary research articles from any source if they make a significant original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding of some aspect of agricultural science in Indonesia. The definition of agricultural science is kept as wide as possible to allow the broadest coverage in the journal. Accredited base on Director Decree of Indonesian Institute of Science No. 816/D/2009 with acreditation No. 172/AU1/P2MBI/08/2009. IJAS is newly accredited by the Indonesian Institute of Science in 2012 (No. 473/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2012) for period of 2012-2015.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003" : 8 Documents clear

ESTIMATING SOYBEAN PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN IRRIGATED AREA OF BRANTAS RIVER BASIN Siregar, Masdjidin; ., Sumaryanto
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Soybean has an important role in Indonesian diet, especially as source of protein, fat, mineral, and vitamin. Given the relatively stagnant technology, efficiency improvement at farm level would probably be an appropriate way to increase soybean production in the near future. The objective of this paper was to estimate the technical efficiency of soybean production in irrigated area of Brantas river basin and analyze factors affecting technical inefficiency level. The results indicated that the technical efficiency of soybean production in the sites was around 83%. The analysis, however, failed to identify the determinants of technical inefficiency because none of the parameters in the analysis was significant. Further study is required to identify the determinants such that the target groups of extension can be specifically determined. Since K2O fertilizer significantly affected soybean production while P2O5 and N fertilizers did not, the first step to improve the technical efficiency of soybean production was to provide soybean farmers with recommendation regarding balanced amount of fertilizers. The recommendation, however, should be derived from local verification trial in each site.

IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF FIBER HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES IN THE EXTRACT OF TERMITES (Glyptotermes montanus) FOR POULTRY FEED APPLICATION Purwadari, Tresnawati; Ketaren, Pius P.; Sinurat, Arnold P.; Sutikno, Irawan
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Poultry are not able to digest fiber in the diet. Hydrolytic enzymes including cellulases and hemicellulases have been used as poultry feed supplement. Termites (Glyptotermes montanus) have the ability to digest wood that contains high fiber. The purpose of this experiment was to identify the cellulase and hemicellulase of termite extract. The hydrolytic (saccharification) activity of the termite extract on feedstuffs was thenevaluated. It contained high endo-Î²-D-1,4-glucanase (CMCase) activity, but the activities of avicelase, Î²-D-1,4-mannanase, Î²- D-1,4-xylanase, and Î²-D-1,4-glucosidase were very low. The activities of the enzymes were higher in the fresh extract than those extracted after drying at 40oC with blower oven. CMCase (as cellulase), Î²-D-1,4-mannanase (asÂ hemicellulase), and Î²-D- 1,4-glucosidase (as glycosidase) were reevaluated further to determine the optimum pH and temperatures for maximum activities. The optimum pH for CMCase, Î²-D-1,4-mannanase,and Î²-D-1,4-glucosidase were 6.2, 5.0, and 5.8 respectively, while the optimum temperatures were 45-50oC, 50-55oC, and 42-45oC, respectively. The enzyme mixture or cocktail was more appropriate in digesting feedstuffs with high lignocellulose (fiber) such as rice bran and pollard than feedstuffs with more soluble starch such as soybean and corn meals. The extracted enzyme could be immobilized with pollard, butCMCase recovery was low (28.6%), while Î²-D-1,4-mannanase and Î²-D-1,4-glucosidase recoveries were 89.2% and 272.9%, respectively. Termite extract contained enzyme cocktails of lignocellulases that potentially be used as feed supplement. However, its use is limited by its low activity.

PERFORMANCES OF TIGER SHRIMP CULTURE IN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PONDS Ahmad, Taufik; Tjaronge, M.; Suryati, E.
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Mangrove ecosystem plays an obvious role in maintaining the biological balance in the coastal environment where shrimp ponds are usually constructed. The removal of mangroves around shrimp ponds has frequently brought about harvest failure. The study evaluated the performance of tiger shrimp culture in ponds provided with water from a water body where there was mangrove vegetation (hereafter mangrove reservoir). Twelve ponds, each measuring 2,500 m2, were filled with seawater from the mangrove reservoir until the water depth of 100 cm and then stocked with 20-40 PL/m2. In the first six ponds, the bottom water was released into the reservoir when the water depth reached 140 cm and then the water depth was maintained at 100 cm. In the second six ponds, the water was released from the ponds until the water depth reached 60 cm and then refilled with reservoir water until a depth of 100 cm. Both treatment ponds received water from the reservoir which also received the wastewater. The feeds for the shrimps were broadcast into the ponds twice a day to meet the 3% shrimp biomass requirement, which adjusted every other week through sampling. The result showed that mangroveÂ vegetation is capable of removing excessive nutrients, up to 70% for NO3-N and NH4 +-N, reducing PO4 =-P fluctuation, and producing bioactiveÂ compounds. In the second treatment ponds, shrimp mortality started to occur in day 28 and most died by day 54 after stocking due to white spot disease outbreak. Mass mortality took place 54 days after stocking in two out of six of the first treatment ponds.

IMPROVEMENT OF SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT OF WET SEEDED RICE USING GA3 AND IBA AS SEED TREATMENT Wahyuni, Sri; Sinniah, Uma R.; Yusop, Mohd. Khanif; Amarthalingam, Rajan
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Direct seeding has some advantages compared to transplanting system in rice, however there are some constraints need to be addressed. OneÂ constraint generally faced in the wet seeded rice is poor standÂ establishment. The experiment was conducted to improve seedlingÂ establishment by using selected growth regulators. Seeds of four riceÂ cultivars, i.e. Memberamo, Widas, MR 84, and MR 219 were treated withÂ GA3 (gibberellic acid-3) of 25, 50, and 100 mg 1-1, and IBA (indole-3Â butyric acid) of 10, 20, and 40 mg l-1. Results showed that cultivarÂ response to GA3 was similar in all parameters observed, however the response of cultivars to IBA was different at the initial stage. In Indonesian cultivars (Memberamo and Widas), shoot length of IBA treated seedlings was comparable to the control, but the IBA treated seedlings ofÂ Malaysian cultivars (MR 84 and MR 219) had slightly shorter shootsÂ Â compared to the control. GA3 as seed treatment induced favorable early emergence and shoot growth in the initial stage, but the shoots wereÂ etiolated and resulted in susceptible to lodging even in the vegetativeÂ stage. In comparison, exogenous application of IBA resulted in high number of adventitious roots contributing towards better establishment of seedling with broader and greener leaves. The growth regulator was lost itsÂ effect by 2 or 3 weeks after sowing. All IBA concentrations also did notÂ show any significant differences on growth parameters or have any detrimental effect on grain yield in all cultivar tested. IBA 10 mg l-1 wasÂ sufficient in providing the required improvement in the rice seedlings.

ESTIMATING SOYBEAN PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN IRRIGATED AREA OF BRANTAS RIVER BASIN Masdjidin Siregar; Sumaryanto Sumaryanto
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v4n2.2003.p33-39

IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF FIBER HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES IN THE EXTRACT OF TERMITES (Glyptotermes montanus) FOR POULTRY FEED APPLICATION Tresnawati Purwadari; Pius P. Ketaren; Arnold P. Sinurat; Irawan Sutikno
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v4n2.2003.p40-47

Foot rot disease of black pepper caused by Phytophthora capsici had been reported in Batangas and Laguna, Philippines. The plant was recovered following the application of crop residue (organic substrate) and intercropping with other crops. This study was aimed to isolate, identify, and determine the soil mycoflora from the rhizosphere of black pepper grown on various cropping patterns in Batangas and Laguna. Antagonistic activity of mycoflora isolates was tested against P. capsici using dual culture technique. The result showed that 149 colonies of soil mycoflora isolated were belonging to 14 genera; three of them, i.e. Penicillium, Paecilomyces and Aspergillus, were the most dominant. All of the mycoflora isolates were able to inhibit the growth of the pathogen. Eighteen of them were the most promising antagonists, based on their inhibition growth of more than 60%. It is suggested that antagonistic mechanism of Mucor isolate (1001), Trichoderma (125, 170, 171, 179, 180, 181), Gliocladium (109), Cunninghamella (165, 168), Mortierella (177), and Aspergillus (106) was space competitor (competition for nutrient) since they rapidly overgrew the pathogen. Aspergillus (67, 79, 81, 83, 108, and 202) isolates inhibited the pathogen apparently by producing antibiotic, whereas Trichoderma (125, 170, 171, 179, 180, and 181) isolates were able to penetrate the hyphae of the pathogen. The organic matter percentage in the soil was significantly correlated with the number of antagonistic mycoflora in rhizosphere (R2 = 0.1094), but the cropping pattern wPoultry are not able to digest fiber in the diet. Hydrolytic enzymes including cellulases and hemicellulases have been used as poultry feed supplement. Termites (Glyptotermes montanus) have the ability to digest wood that contains high fiber. The purpose of this experiment was to identify the cellulase and hemicellulase of termite extract. The hydrolytic (saccharification) activity of the termite extract on feedstuffs was then evaluated. It contained high endo-β-D-1,4-glucanase (CMCase) activity, but the activities of avicelase, β-D-1,4-mannanase, β- D-1,4-xylanase, and β-D-1,4-glucosidase were very low. The activities of the enzymes were higher in the fresh extract than those extracted after drying at 40oC with blower oven. CMCase (as cellulase), β-D-1,4-mannanase (as hemicellulase), and β-D- 1,4-glucosidase (as glycosidase) were reevaluated further to determine the optimum pH and temperatures for maximum activities. The optimum pH for CMCase, β-D-1,4-mannanase, and β-D-1,4-glucosidase were 6.2, 5.0, and 5.8 respectively, while the optimum temperatures were 45-50oC, 50-55oC, and 42-45oC, respectively. The enzyme mixture or cocktail was more appropriate in digesting feedstuffs with high lignocellulose (fiber) such as rice bran and pollard than feedstuffs with more soluble starch such as soybean and corn meals. The extracted enzyme could be immobilized with pollard, but CMCase recovery was low (28.6%), while β-D-1,4-mannanase and β-D-1,4-glucosidase recoveries were 89.2% and 272.9%, respectively. Termite extract contained enzyme cocktails of lignocellulases that potentially be used as feed supplement. However, its use is limited by its low activity.as negatively correlated. This study suggests that organic matter increased antagonistic mycoflora in black pepper rhizosphere, which will reduce severity of the disease.

PERFORMANCES OF TIGER SHRIMP CULTURE IN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PONDS Taufik Ahmad; M. Tjaronge; E. Suryati
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v4n2.2003.p48-55

Mangrove ecosystem plays an obvious role in maintaining the biological balance in the coastal environment where shrimp ponds are usually constructed. The removal of mangroves around shrimp ponds has frequently brought about harvest failure. The study evaluated the performance of tiger shrimp culture in ponds provided with water from a water body where there was mangrove vegetation (hereafter mangrove reservoir). Twelve ponds, each measuring 2,500 m2, were filled with seawater from the mangrove reservoir until the water depth of 100 cm and then stocked with 20-40 PL/m2. In the first six ponds, the bottom water was released into the reservoir when the water depth reached 140 cm and then the water depth was maintained at 100 cm. In the second six ponds, the water was released from the ponds until the water depth reached 60 cm and then refilled with reservoir water until a depth of 100 cm. Both treatment ponds received water from the reservoir which also received the wastewater. The feeds for the shrimps were broadcast into the ponds twice a day to meet the 3% shrimp biomass requirement, which adjusted every other week through sampling. The result showed that mangrove vegetation is capable of removing excessive nutrients, up to 70% for NO3- N and NH4 +-N, reducing PO4 =-P fluctuation, and producing bioactive compounds. In the second treatment ponds, shrimp mortality started to occur in day 28 and most died by day 54 after stocking due to white spot disease outbreak. Mass mortality took place 54 days after stocking in two out of six of the first treatment ponds.

IMPROVEMENT OF SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT OF WET SEEDED RICE USING GA3 AND IBA AS SEED TREATMENT Sri Wahyuni; Uma R. Sinniah; Mohd. Khanif Yusop; Rajan Amarthalingam
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 4, No 2 (2003): October 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v4n2.2003.p56-62

Direct seeding has some advantages compared to transplanting system in rice, however there are some constraints need to be addressed. One constraint generally faced in the wet seeded rice is poor stand establishment. The experiment was conducted to improve seedling establishment by using selected growth regulators. Seeds of four rice cultivars, i.e. Memberamo, Widas, MR 84, and MR 219 were treated with GA3 (gibberellic acid-3) of 25, 50, and 100 mg 1-1, and IBA (indole-3 butyric acid) of 10, 20, and 40 mg l-1. Results showed that cultivar response to GA3 was similar in all parameters observed, however the response of cultivars to IBA was different at the initial stage. In Indonesian cultivars (Memberamo and Widas), shoot length of IBA treated seedlings was comparable to the control, but the IBA treated seedlings of Malaysian cultivars (MR 84 and MR 219) had slightly shorter shoots compared to the control. GA3 as seed treatment induced favorable early emergence and shoot growth in the initial stage, but the shoots were etiolated and resulted in susceptible to lodging even in the vegetative stage. In comparison, exogenous application of IBA resulted in high number of adventitious roots contributing towards better establishment of seedling with broader and greener leaves. The growth regulator was lost its effect by 2 or 3 weeks after sowing. All IBA concentrations also did not show any significant differences on growth parameters or have any detrimental effect on grain yield in all cultivar tested. IBA 10 mg l-1 was sufficient in providing the required improvement in the rice seedlings.

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Home Page

OAI Link

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Contact Name Slamet Sutriswanto

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Location Kota adm. jakarta selatan, Dki jakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Slamet Sutriswanto

Contact Email
jurnalijas@gmail.com

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
pustaka@litbang.deptan.go.id

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota adm. jakarta selatan,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA