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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 815 Documents
A Dynamical Analysis on a Tumour Virotherapy Model with Standard Incident Rate Ikawati, Deasy Sandhya Elya; Kusumawinahyu, Wuryansari Muharini; Trisilowati, Trisilowati
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.03

Abstract

This paper discusses a dynamical analysis on a model that governs the growth of tumour cell under a therapy by using oncolytic viruses, on the standard incident rate. The model is a modification of the similar one by replacing the bilinear incident rate with the standard one. The conducted dynamical analysis consists of the determination of equilibrium points and their existence conditions, followed by local as well as global stability analysis of the equilibrium points. The analytical result shows that there are two equilibrium points, namely uninfected and the endemic point, which needs a condition to exist. Stability analysis shows that there is a dimensionless basic reproduction number that marks the existence as well as the stability of equilibrium points. When basic reproduction number is less than one, there is only the uninfected equilibrium, which is global asymptotically stable. On the other hands, both of equilibrium points exist when the basic reproduction number is more than one, but the uninfected point is not stable anymore, while the endemic one is local asymptotically stable under a condition. Some numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the analytical result. Numerically, it can also be demonstrated that there is a set of parameters which indicates that tumour can be fully removed.  
CD4+CD25+ T cells maintain homeostasis by promoting TER-119 cell development and inhibiting T cell activation Rifai, Muhaimin
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 4, No 1 (2014)
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Abstract

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells involved in the regulation of self-tolerance and normality of homeostasis. CD122 deficient mice are model animals that have an abnormal immune system characteristically have a high number of activated T cells and TER-119 cell decreased. Here we showed evidence that the transfer of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells derived from normal mice to CD122-defficient neonates prevent the development of activated memory T cells and elicit TER-119 differentiation. Bone marrow reconstitution derived from CD122-/- mice to normal mice resulting tolerance to individual that genetically different. Importantly, CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells derived from normal mice can replace CD4+CD25+ cells derived from CD122-/- mice. The results of this experiment suggest that regulatory T cells from normal mice exert a critical role in maintaining peripheral tolerance and controlling hematopoietic disorder.
Identification of Fingerprints Pattern in Mixed Family of Chinese-Javanese Ethnic Nikmah, Istiftakhun; Fatchiyah, Fatchiyah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.03.12

Abstract

The aim of this study is to identify fingerprints patterns from the mixed family of Chinese-Javanese ethnic. The fingerprint patterns divided into three main patterns, i.e. arch, loop and whorl. The respondents were determined based on inclusion criteria (subject of research qualified as a sample) and the exclusion criteria (subjects which could not be used as a sample) through interviews and questionnaires. First, respondent’s fingers cleaned with alcohol or washed using soapy water. The patterns of fingerprint were taken by pressing one by one using an inked stamp pad. Then, printed on white paper which has been given a code and serial number of fingers for each respondent. The last step was to identify the specific characteristic of fingerprint patterns from the respondents and analyzed it while determining about similarity and variability of inter-generations. The results indicated that the mixed family of Chinese-Javanese ethnic had whorl variant pattern (plain whorl and double loop whorl) on the thumbs as a specific marker of Javanese ethnic. Otherwise, radial loop on the index and tented arch pattern on both index and little finger are the unique marker of Chinese ethnic. Thus, both Javanese and Chinese ethnic have co-dominant fingerprint patterns for mixed family of Chinese-Javanese ethnic.
Flowering and Fruiting Times on Four Species of Annona (Annonaceae) in Purwodadi Botanic Garden Lestari, Dewi Ayu; Sofiah, Siti
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 5, No 1 (2015)
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Abstract

Annona is a genus belongs to Annonaceae family, consisting of numerous species that produce edible fruit.   Four species namely A. glabra, A. montana, A. muricata and A. squamosa collections of Purwodadi Botanic Garden  were recorded for its flowering and fruiting times, since November 2010 to April 2013. The data were scored and complemented with climate data (temperature, rainfall intensity, humidity) then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.  The result showed that humidity was the most affected climate factors on the flowering and fruiting times of those species.  Specifically, rainfall intensity (0-550 mm) affected to  Annona muricata, temperature (25,56-28,33 °C) and humidity (66,83-85,02%) to  Annona squamosa, and  humidity to  A. glabra (71,62-85,02% )  and  A. montana (71,62 to 82,94 %) as well. Flowering time of A. glabra occurs three times a year in wet and dry, and fruiting occurs twice a year in the same month. Annona muricata is flowering throughout the year and fruiting twice a year in wet. A. montana and A. squamosa recorded one a year during the wet month.
Andrographolide Ameliorate Rheumatoid Arthritis by Promoting the Development of Regulatory T Cells Muhaimin Rifai'i
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

Andrographolide is important material present in Andrographis paniculata. This material can promote T cell to develop into regulatory T cell, CD4+CD25+. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells, a component of the innate immune response, which play a key role in the maintenance of self-tolerance, have become the focus of numerous studies over the last decade. These cells have the potential to be exploited to treat autoimmune disease. In this experiment we showed that the induction of regulatory cells in vivo has a healing effect on mice model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA mice which is intraperitoneally injected with Andrographis paniculata shows the effect of recovery. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells actively control the properties of other immune cells by suppressing their functional activity to prevent autoimmunity. In this experiment we showed that active compound from Andrographis paniculata namely andrographolide can induce active regulatory T cell that has an efficacy to cure rheumatoid arthritis in mice model. Keywords: Andrographolide; Andrographis sp; Regulatory T cells; Rheumatoid arthritis
Significance of the Easy-to-use Water Quality Checker for Participative Environmental Monitoring and Experience Based Learning Akira Kikuchi; Luchman Hakim; Arien Heryansyah; Romaidi Romaidi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

Pack Test is a series of products of Kyoritsu Chemical-Check Laboratory Cooperation, Japan. It is easy-to-use, anybody can use at anywhere, low cost, nontoxic, safe, and professional-use, onetime use ion-selective color metric water quality checker. The aim of this research is to assess, then next, discuss the significance of applications of this tool. In this order, NH4-Pack Test was selected as an example for the discussions; although there are more than 60 parameters can be detected by pack test such as, COD, Cl-, NO3-, phosphate, hardness, pH, heavy metals, etc.. As for field survey, Ion chromatography was used to measure ammonium concentration of river water in Jakarta. Then detection range of the NH4-Pack Test was compared to the data, and Indonesian and Malaysian national water quality standard. River water quality of Jakarta was weekly degraded at upstream area, but it was seriously degraded at downstream area (up to 5-10 NH4-N mg/L). As for ammonium concentration, obviously the detection range and step of Pack Test was sufficient to assess the ammonium concentrations of rive water in Jakarta. Of course Pack Test is very simplified tool, environmental water quality standard of ammonia for class I in Indonesia and Class I and II in Malaysia were difficult to evaluate. However, it was obviously applicable to check treated effluent and Class III to V water quality of Malaysian environmental standard. Consequently, it is suggested to adopt a double standard policy of water quality monitoring, such as combination of "easy-to-use simplified" and "conventional-accurate". Because of low cost, and professional-convenient design, implementation of Pack Test will significant to empower on-site water quality monitoring in developing country, participative environmental awareness public programs, experience base environmental learning in schools, and other grass-rooted environmental activities.Keywords: Environmental awareness and education, Pack test, Simplified method, Southeastern Asian county
Segmental Duplications: A Possible Mechanism of Hominid Uplift through MicroRNA Diversification Maria A. Endriga; Aldrich Ivan Lois D. Burog; Denise Lauren V. Dalmacion; Custer C. Deocaris
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are ~21 nucleotide-long gene silencers. Segmental duplications (SD) are among the driving forces in acquiring new genes. Both miRNA and SD are believed to have played a significant role in evolution, particularly in the divergence of humans (Homo sapiens) from the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). This study determines the distribution of miRNAs in humans and in chimpanzees, and presents a hypothesis on its significance in the occurrence of segmental duplications. MiRNA sequences from miRBASE were subjected to BLAT and BLAST to determine if miRNAs are located in SD regions or not. Homology between miRNAs was determined with ClustalW. BLAST was then used to determine whether the non-homologous human miRNA are homologous to any other part of the chimpanzee genome. We found that all 695 human miRNAs are found exclusively in SD regions, and that 67 are de novo miRNAs. Thirteen are homologues of chimpanzee miRNA, and 11 were possibly derived from non-miRNA regions in chimp. Of these, 6 were located in SD regions of the chimpanzee genome. Results indicate that miRNA evolution occurs within regions of segmental duplication and suggest that the presence of miRNA duplicates allows more exposure to mutations that could necessitate diversification, and possibly evolution, through sub- and neofunctionalization.Keywords:
HOX Gene Promoter Prediction and Inter-genomic Comparison: An Evo-Devo Study Maria A. Endriga; Victoria Karenina R. de la Paz; Jezreel Marie G. Sazon; Elisa L. Co; Custer C. Deocaris
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

Homeobox genes direct the anterior-posterior axis of the body plan in eukaryotic organisms. Promoter regions upstream of the Hox genes jumpstart the transcription process. CpG islands found within the promoter regions can cause silencing of these promoters. The locations of the promoter regions and the CpG islands of Homeo sapiens sapiens (human), Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee), Mus musculus (mouse), and Rattus norvegicus (brown rat) are compared and related to the possible influence on the specification of the mammalian body plan. The sequence of each gene in Hox clusters A-D of the mammals considered were retrieved from Ensembl and locations of promoter regions and CpG islands predicted using Exon Finder. The predicted promoter sequences were confirmed via BLAST and verified against the Eukaryotic Promoter Database. The significance of the locations was determined using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Among the four clusters, only promoter locations in cluster B showed significant difference. HOX B genes have been linked with the control of genes that direct the development of axial morphology, particularly of the vertebral column bones. The magnitude of variation among the body plans of closely-related species can thus be partially attributed to the promoter kind, location and number, and gene inactivation via CpG methylation.
The Control of Human Immunosystem by Using Paeony Root Drug Hideo Tsuboi; Muhaimin Rifa’i; Khaled Hossain; Izumi Nakashima; Haruhiko Suzuki
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

Paeoniflorin (PF), isolated from paeony root, has been used as a herbal medicine for more than 1200 years in China, Korea and Japan for its anti-allergic, anti-inflamatory and immunoregulatory effects. In this study, we found that PF induces apoptosis in both murine T-lineage cells and human T-cell leukemia Jurkat cells. This apoptosis was mediated through the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase and fragmentation of DNA. Interestingly, PF induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), and a ROS scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), successfully attenuated the PF-induced apoptosis. Additionally, PF induced the phosphorylation of three mitogen-activated protein (MAP) family kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAP kinase. Curcumin, an anti-oxidant and JNK inhibitor, inhibited PF-induced apoptosis, suggesting the possible involvement of curcumin-sensitive JNK or other redox-sensitive elements in PF-induced apoptosis. These results partially explain the action mechanism of PF-containing paeony root as a herbal medicine.Keywords: paeoniflorin; paeony root; apoptosis; reactive oxygen species (ROS); redox; CD8+ CD122+ regulatory T cells
Potential Antibacterials Compounds of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from Quail Intestine (Coturnix japonica) in Inhibition Growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium Pupimadita Tizar Afdora; Tri Ardiyati; Osfar Sjofjan; Umi Kalsum
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.1.1.%x

Abstract

Quail (Coturnix japonica) is a bird that have high protein content, but vulnerable to digestive diseases. The purpose of this research was to determine the ability of antibacterial compounds of LAB from intestinal quail origin in bacterial growth inhibition test. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with variable concentrations of Cell Free Supernatant (CFS) for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60% and bacterial pathogens of the digestive tract of quail (S. typhimurium, E. coli of human origin, and E. coli of bird origin) by using the Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The data obtained were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results obtained showed that the bacterium Lactobacillus fermentum and L. salivarius derived from quail intestine can produce antibacterial compounds that could inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli (human), and E. coli (bird). Minimum concentration of the addition of CFS from L. fermentum in inhibiting the growth of tested bacteria was 30% for S. typhimurium, 30% for E. coli (human), and 20% for E. coli (bird). While the addition of CFS minimum concentration of L. salivarius in inhibiting the growth of tested bacteria was 20% for S. typhimurium, 20% for E. coli (human), and 10% for E. coli (bird). Keywords: Antibacterials, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), Escherichia coli, Quail, and Salmonella typhimurium.