Ryan Richard Rihi
Universitas Indonesia

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Ketika Yesus Menangis: Perspektif Feminisme dalam Merayakan Allah yang Mendobrak Maskulinitas Toksik Ryan Richard Rihi; Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari
Jurnal Teologi Berita Hidup Vol 6, No 1 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Berita Hidup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38189/jtbh.v6i1.317

Abstract

Masculinity is a discourse that continues to develop over time and is closely related to men. This underlies the idea of the ideal man which continues to be constructed through certain  standardizations, in accordance with the existing socio-cultural conditions. As a result, certain existing standards are harmful and even have the potential to make men individuals who are homophobic, misogynistic, violent, and have a desire to dominate. As the Son of God who was incarnated as a male, Jesus was also faced with these kinds of potentials. His choice to follow harmful standards or not is important to know. This study explores the nature, attitude/behaviour, and role of Jesus through qualitative research by conducting a literature review. This study uses feminine writing as a conceptual framework with a feminist perspective to analyze the situation and actions that Jesus took. The findings of this study indicate the actions of Jesus who rejected various forms of toxic masculinity. On the other hand, Jesus defined his own masculinity, and also did not hesitate to do things that could be read as feminine actions. This has implications for the life of Christians to have both masculinity and femininity that are healthy, without hurting and harming themselves or others. Maskulinitas menjadi wacana yang terus berkembang seiring perkembangan zaman dan dikaitkan erat dengan laki-laki. Hal ini yang mendasari adanya gagasan laki-laki ideal yang terus dikonstruksi melalui standardisasi-standardisasi tertentu, dan seturut dengan kondisi sosial-budaya yang ada. Tak ayal, standar-standar tertentu yang ada bersifat membahayakan dan bahkan berpotensi menjadikan laki-laki sebagai individu yang homofobia, misoginis, melakukan kekerasan, dan memiliki keinginan mendominasi. Sebagai Anak Allah yang berinkarnasi menjadi laki-laki, Yesus juga diperhadapkan dengan potensi semacam ini. Pilihannya untuk ikut dalam standar-standar yang membahayakan atau tidak adalah hal yang penting untuk diketahui. Penelitian ini menggali sifat, sikap/perilaku, dan peran Yesus secara kualitatif melalui kajian literatur. Penelitian menggunakan feminine writing sebagai landasan konseptual yang berperspektif feminisme untuk menganalisis situasi dan tindakan yang Yesus lakukan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan tindakan Yesus yang menolak pelbagai bentuk maskulinitas toksik. Sebaliknya, Yesus merumuskan maskulinitas-Nya sendiri, dan juga tak ragu melakukan hal-hal yang dapat dibaca sebagai tindakan yang feminin. Hal ini berimplikasi pada bagaimana orang Kristen menjalani kehidupan supaya memiliki baik maskulinitas maupun feminitas yang sehat, tanpa melukai dan merugikan diri sendiri ataupun orang lain.
Men's role within the women's movement to achieve gender equality in Indonesia: Threat or opportunity? Ryan Richard Rihi; Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari
Harmoni Sosial: Jurnal Pendidikan IPS Vol 10, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/hsjpi.v10i2.65798

Abstract

The women's movement, both globally and locally in Indonesia, has organically been trying to eliminate gender inequality caused by patriarchy for a long time. Even though they benefit from patriarchal culture in many ways, men also experience losses and, as a result, are interested in getting involved in the gender equality movement, which women mostly initiate. However, men are in a dilemma position in this women's movement: as a threat and an opportunity. Therefore, this article is qualitative research that explores the potential and risks of men's involvement in the women's movement through a literature review. All the collected articles were then read, and their important findings were formulated in the results and classified thematically. The results show that historically, men have been and continue to be involved in the gender equality movement. However, several pros and cons arise. Therefore, this article also ultimately argues that even though it is significant for men to be involved in the women's movement to end all forms of oppression, domination, and violence, the involvement of men is conditional, which pays attention to the safety of women and is not intended to take over the political position of the leader of the gender equality movement from women.
Ketika Yesus Menangis: Perspektif Feminisme dalam Merayakan Allah yang Mendobrak Maskulinitas Toksik Ryan Richard Rihi; Elizabeth Kristi Poerwandari
Jurnal Teologi Berita Hidup Vol 6, No 1 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Berita Hidup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38189/jtbh.v6i1.317

Abstract

Masculinity is a discourse that continues to develop over time and is closely related to men. This underlies the idea of the ideal man which continues to be constructed through certain  standardizations, in accordance with the existing socio-cultural conditions. As a result, certain existing standards are harmful and even have the potential to make men individuals who are homophobic, misogynistic, violent, and have a desire to dominate. As the Son of God who was incarnated as a male, Jesus was also faced with these kinds of potentials. His choice to follow harmful standards or not is important to know. This study explores the nature, attitude/behaviour, and role of Jesus through qualitative research by conducting a literature review. This study uses feminine writing as a conceptual framework with a feminist perspective to analyze the situation and actions that Jesus took. The findings of this study indicate the actions of Jesus who rejected various forms of toxic masculinity. On the other hand, Jesus defined his own masculinity, and also did not hesitate to do things that could be read as feminine actions. This has implications for the life of Christians to have both masculinity and femininity that are healthy, without hurting and harming themselves or others. Maskulinitas menjadi wacana yang terus berkembang seiring perkembangan zaman dan dikaitkan erat dengan laki-laki. Hal ini yang mendasari adanya gagasan laki-laki ideal yang terus dikonstruksi melalui standardisasi-standardisasi tertentu, dan seturut dengan kondisi sosial-budaya yang ada. Tak ayal, standar-standar tertentu yang ada bersifat membahayakan dan bahkan berpotensi menjadikan laki-laki sebagai individu yang homofobia, misoginis, melakukan kekerasan, dan memiliki keinginan mendominasi. Sebagai Anak Allah yang berinkarnasi menjadi laki-laki, Yesus juga diperhadapkan dengan potensi semacam ini. Pilihannya untuk ikut dalam standar-standar yang membahayakan atau tidak adalah hal yang penting untuk diketahui. Penelitian ini menggali sifat, sikap/perilaku, dan peran Yesus secara kualitatif melalui kajian literatur. Penelitian menggunakan feminine writing sebagai landasan konseptual yang berperspektif feminisme untuk menganalisis situasi dan tindakan yang Yesus lakukan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan tindakan Yesus yang menolak pelbagai bentuk maskulinitas toksik. Sebaliknya, Yesus merumuskan maskulinitas-Nya sendiri, dan juga tak ragu melakukan hal-hal yang dapat dibaca sebagai tindakan yang feminin. Hal ini berimplikasi pada bagaimana orang Kristen menjalani kehidupan supaya memiliki baik maskulinitas maupun feminitas yang sehat, tanpa melukai dan merugikan diri sendiri ataupun orang lain.