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ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

ajstd
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 22249028 EISSN : 22249028 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Education, Engineering,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Mathematics

The coverage is focused on, but not limited to, the main areas of activity of ASEAN COST, namely: Biotechnology, Non-Conventional Energy Research, Materials Science and Technology, Marine Sciences, Meteorology and Geophysics, Food Science and Technology, Microelectronics and Information Technology, Space Applications, and Science and Technology Policy, Infrastructure and Resources Development.

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Articles 477 Documents

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Drivers and Barriers for Going Green: Perceptions from the Business Practitioners in Malaysia S-P Loke; K Khalizani; S Rohati; A Sayaka
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 2 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The changes of global environmental conditions have placed great challenges to governments and societies. While it is not easy for the companies to go green, we need a renewed concern for our environment in order to revive the nation’s economic growth, social cohesion and ecological balances. This article identifies the drivers and barriers for the business industry to adopt green practices. A total of 571 business companies from the Perak State participated in this study. Four variables: (1) Regulations (?=0.159, p<0.05); (2) Social responsibility (?=0.201, p<0.05); (3) Pro-environmental organizational culture (?=0.389, p<0.01); and (4) Organizational supports (?=0.369, p<0.01) werefound to significantly affect the company’s green initiatives. The results indicated that the main internal barriers were: it lacked of financial resources (66.2%) and skilled staff (63.9%); whereas the main external barriers were: the penalty imposed were not severe enough for making any extra efforts (64.8%) and the penalty was light for violation of environmental regulations (63.2%). This research had implications for the academics, practitioners and policy makers. It provided greater insights into the green practices in Malaysian firms. The research findings also urged the local governments to greatly enhance regulatory scrutiny on the production and manufacturing industries.

Effects of Oil Palm (Elais guineensis) Fruit Extracts on Glucose Uptake Activity of Muscle, Adipose and Liver Cells S Faez; H Muhajir; I Amin; A Zainah
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 2 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The effect of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fruit aqueous extract (OPF) on glucose uptake activity of three different cell lines was investigated. The cell lines were incubated with different concentrations of OPF to evaluate the stimulatory effect of OPF towards glucose uptake activity of L6 myotubes, 3T3F442A adipocytes and Chang liver cell line. The glucose uptake activities of all tested cells were enhanced in the presence of OPF extract (basal condition). Nevertheless in combination of OPF extract and 100 nM insulin, the glucose uptake activity was only significantly enhanced in L6 myotubes and 3T3F442A adipocytes cell lines. The extracts enhanced the glucose uptake into cells through either insulin-mimetic or insulin-sensitizing property or combination of these two properties. It can be suggested that the OPF extract exerts its antihyperglycemic action partly by mediated glucose uptake into the glucose-responsive disposal cells, muscle, adipose and liver.

Biodiesel Production from Castor Oil and Its Application in Diesel Engine S Ismail; S. A Abu; R Rezaur; H Sinin
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 2 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this study, the optimum biodiesel conversion from crude castor oil to castor biodiesel (CB) through transesterification method was investigated. The base catalyzed transesterification under different reactant proportion such as the molar ratio of alcohol to oil and mass ratio of catalyst to oil was studied for optimum production of castor biodiesel. The optimum condition for base catalyzed transesterification of castor oil was determined to be 1:4.5 of oil to methanol ratio and 0.005:1 of potassium hydroxide to oil ratio. The fuel properties of the produced CB such as the calorific value, flash point and density were analyzed and compared to conventional diesel. Diesel engine performance and emission test on different CB blends proved that CB was suitable to be used as diesel blends. CB was also proved to have lower emission compared to conventional diesel.

Generalized Fuzzy Filters in Ordered Ternary Semigroups M.J Khan; A Khan; H Sarmin
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 2 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29037/ajstd.19

In this paper, the concept of

Development of Suspended Particulate Matter Empirical Equation for Tropics Estuary from Landsat ETM+ Data Z Razak; A Zuhairi; S Shahbudin; Y Rosnan
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 2 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) essentially related to the total scattering of particles in the water column. It plays the role as a transport medium for pollutants, total load of organic and inorganic substance in the water phase. In this study, we have developed empirical relationship based on a strong relationship between Landsat near infrared (NIR) band and archived SPM data. The following were the power equations:SPM NE (mg/l) = 11.68x0.666SPM SW (mg/l) = 18.61x0.493where, x (TM4) is radiance of ETM+ NIR band 4 was developed under tropical atmospheric conditions. Using the above equation, the SPM concentration for Northeast and Southwest monsoon in the Pahang River estuary as a case study was determined. The mean SPM concentration and mean reflectance value during Northeast monsoon were 131.69 mg/l and 0.135 mg/l. The mean SPMconcentration value and reflectance were 95.94 mg/l and 0.078 mg/l during the Southwest monsoon. Generally, from remote sensing archive data and above equations, the SPM concentrations of Pahang River were successfully determined from 1999 to 2012.

Fabrication, Rheology and Antioxidant Activity of Palm Esters-based Emulsions Loaded with Tocotrienol S.H NG; B Mahiran; I Zahariyah
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 1 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Palm oil esters are wax esters derived from palm oil and oleyl alcohol. Palm oil esters have many applications due to their luxurious moisturizing properties, non-greasy and blend easily with fragrances and colours when applied on skin surface. The aim of this research was to fabricate palm esters-based emulsions cream for topical delivery, characterise the rheological properties and in vitroantioxidant activity of the palm esters-based emulsions system. Emulsions containing palm oil esters loaded with tocotrienol were obtained in two stages, with propagation of rotor-stator at 6000 r.p.m. for 5 min and further emulsified using an ultrasound at various acoustic amplitudes for another 5 min. A stress/rate controlled Kinexus Rheometer with a temperature controller was used to measure the rheological properties of the emulsion. Rheology measurements were performed at 25.0°C ± 0.1°C with 4°/40 mm cone and plate geometry. Thein vitro antioxidant activity was investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer.The yield stress of the emulsions increased with increasing acoustic amplitudes. The viscoelasticity of the emulsions were enhanced by the increase in the oil and surfactant concentrations. The emulsions with higher oil phase concentration [30% (w/w)] showed greater elasticity which implied strong dynamic rigidity of the emulsions. The cohesive energy increased significantly with surfactant concentration especially for the emulsions with 30% (w/w) oil phase concentration. The palm oil esters emulsions containing tocotrienol gave higher Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity values which implied higher antioxidant capability. The tocotrienol in emulsion with 30% (w/w) dispersed phase showed that they were the most stable with longest shelf life and exhibited greater inhibitory effects on the ABTS".

Pd(II) Complexes with Nitrogen-oxygen Donor Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-coupling Reaction M.T Amalina; B Hadariah; K Karimah; W.I.W Nazihah
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 1 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Inexpensive bidentate Schiff base ligands (O1, O3) and their Pd(II) complexes (OPd1, OPd3) were successfully synthesized and characterized using CHN elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, melting point determination, molar conductivity and magnetic moment. It revealed that these Schiff bases behaved as bidentate ligands in their complexes. The spectral data indicated that the ligands co-ordinated through the phenolic oxygen and the azomethine nitrogen atoms. Magnetic momentdata suggested the existence of square planar Pd(II) complexes, while non-electrolytic behaviour indicated the absence of counter ions in chloroform. The Pd(II) complexes showed good catalytic activities for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction between iodobenzene with phenylboronic acid at 1.0 mmol% catalyst loading.

Cigarette Smoking among Male Teenagers in Malaysia ? A Narrative Review R.III P Dioso
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 1 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This narrative review of a contemporary healthcare issue focuses on strategies and healthcare initiatives to curtail the increasing prevalence of active cigarette smoking among male teenagers in Malaysia — a mission of the Malaysian Millennium Development Goal and the United Nations Development Programmes on all health sectors. This narrative review analysed global and Malaysian views on cigarette smoking.

Forecsting of Hydrological Time Series Data with Lag-one Markov Chain Model M. A Malek; A.M Baki
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 1 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Planning and operation are important elements in water resource management. Rainfall forecasting is one of the conducts commonly used to extend the lead-time for catchments with short response time. However, it is difficult to obtain a high degree of accuracy in rainfall forecasting using deterministic models. Therefore, a probability-based rainfall forecasting model, based on Markov Chain provided a better alternative due to its ability to preserve the basic statistical properties ofthe original series. This method was especially useful in the absence of long-term recorded data, a rampant phenomenon in Malaysia. Comparison of statistics in the generated synthetic rainfall data against those of the observed data revealed that reasonable levels of acceptability were achieved.

Assessment Attributes on Effective Construction Management for Property Developers in Malaysia Ayob Norizam; M.A Malek; I Mohamad
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development Vol. 31 No. 1 (2014): ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development (AJSTD)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Property developers are financially capable of running construction projects. Nevertheless, in Malaysia it was found that many of these construction practitioners failed to provide effective construction management which affected society. The success of a project and its Critical Success Factors (CSFs) are considered as tools to improve the effectiveness of project management. Eventhough many researchers have conducted studies on CSFs, the use of CSFs has remained ambiguous. The main objective of this study is to validate the proposed assessment attributes obtained from the property developers based on CSFs. A questionnaire survey was conducted to validate this predeterminedattributes. Comparison was made with attributes from Project Management Book of Knowledge in order to explore the underlying suitability of the proposed attributes with the study area in terms of climate, economy, etc. Factor Analysis was adopted to investigate the group component relationships. This study focuses on the link between CSFs and the implementation of an effective construction management specifically for property developers in Malaysia.

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