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All Journal English Review: Journal of English Education Indonesian EFL Journal
Farideh Okati
English Department, Faculty of Humanity, University of Zabol
Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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THE EFFECTS OF HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS PUSHED OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS ON SPEAKING COMPLEXITY Parviz Ghasedi; Habibollah Mashhady; Farideh Okati
English Review: Journal of English Education Vol 6, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/erjee.v6i1.766

Abstract

This study was set out to investigate the efficacy of homogeneous and heterogeneous pushed output based instruction on upper-intermediate EFL learner’ speaking complexity. To do so, 41 (17 males and 24 females) EFL learners were selected from University of Zabol based on the results of OPT. Then, they were put in control and experimental groups based on the predetermined criteria. Retelling and decision making tasks were used in the treatments of experimental groups while control group received placebo during 15 sessions, twice a week. Public versions of IELTS speaking test were used as pre/post-test. The results of Independent sample t-test indicated that experimental groups outperformed control group. On the other hand, statistical analyses showed no significant differences between male and female speech complexity. To sum up, the findings demonstrated the fruitful effects of collaborative pushed output activities on speaking sub-skills. Likewise, the results suggested the implementation of similar strategies in the development of male and female speaking dimensions. Based on the findings, it can be claimed that teacher preparation programs should put teaching speaking on their list of priorities and provide courses on effective strategies for the development of speaking dimensions through implementing the main tenants of pushed output hypothesis.Keywords: homogeneous, heterogeneous, complexity, speaking, pushed output
THE EFFECTS OF SYMMETRICAL AND ASYMMETRICAL SCAFFOLDING ON SPEAKING COMPLEXITY, ACCURACY, AND FLUENCY Parviz Ghasedi; Farideh Okati; Habibollah Mashhady; Nasser Fallah
Indonesian EFL Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v4i1.793

Abstract

This experimental study was set ought to explore the efficacy of symmetrical and asymmetrical scaffolding in boosting speaking complexity, accuracy, and fluency among 38 upper-intermediate EFL learners. To this end, the participants were assigned into random, homogeneous, and heterogeneous groups. The control group participated in normal speaking classroom, while the experimental groups shared their ideas and collaboratively complete tasks related to 7 lessons of New Interchange 2 during 15 sessions. Two different versions of IELTS speaking test were used as pre/post-test. The data were audio recorded and transcribed for statistical analysis. The results of Multivariate tests revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of control and experimental groups on complexity and fluency. On the other hand, descriptive statistics showed the superiority of heterogeneous groups over homogeneous ones. However, the results of Independent sample t-test indicated that the differences between homogeneous and heterogeneous groups reached the significant level just for complexity not fluency and accuracy. Briefly, the results lead support to the Vegotsky’s (1978) socio-cultural theory. The findings and pedagogical implications were discussed in details at the end of the study.Keywords: accuracy, asymmetrical scaffolding, complexity, fluency, symmetrical scaffolding
Co-Authors Habibollah Mashhady Nasser Fallah Parviz Ghasedi