Muhamad Alnoza
Universitas Indonesia

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EKOLOGI POLITIK DALAM PERLUASAN WILAYAH MASA SRIWIJAYA: BERDASARKAN BEBERAPA BUKTI PRASASTI Muhamad Alnoza; Rafael Arya Bagas Ananta; Mentari Putri Ramadhanti
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 23 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (789.299 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v23i1.368

Abstract

Srivijaya is a federation state in Nusantara on the 7th century AD. Dapunta Hyang as the first of Datu Sriwijaya, was first mentioned in the Kedukan Bukit Inscription (606 AD). In its development, Srivijaya's authority which began in Palembang began to develop into the surrounding areas. Evidence of this expansion of Srivijaya is recorded in the Srivijaya inscriptions found in these areas. The inscriptions found generally contain curses about people who rebel against unity. This paper is intended to reconstruct the ecological considerations made by Srivijaya in expanding its territory. This paper connects the location of the discovery of the inscription, the composition of the contents of the curse of the inscription and number of inscriptions to find out the priority scale of the Sriwijaya territory. The analyzed data is then compare it with the ecological conditions of each region. In interpreting the expansion of the region based on ecological and geographic conditions, political ecology theory is used. Finally, it can be seen that Palembang is the axis of unity, because of the many inscriptions found and the curse composition in the inscriptions. Palembang has a wealth of natural resources and the most favorable geographical conditions for the Sriwijaya Union. The inscription discovery area outside Palembang is a hinterland area, whose natural wealth is used as a commodity for Kadatuan Sriwijaya.
ORANG KHMER DI JAWA PADA MASA HINDU-BUDDHA (ABAD KE-9--15 MASEHI): EKSISTENSINYA DIPANDANG DARI TEORI DIASPORA Muhamad Alnoza
Naditira Widya Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Naditira Widya Volume 15 Nomor 1 April Tahun 2021
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

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Abstract

Orang asing di Jawa telah diketahui keberadaannya melalui penyebutan wargga kilalan di prasasti. Prasasti pada masa Airlangga hingga Majapahit dengan gamblang menyebutkan keberadaan orang-orang asing yang dalam hal ini pada konteks penarikan pajak terhadap orang-orang asing tersebut. Salah satu bangsa asing yang mendiami Jawa pada masa Jawa Kuno adalah orang Khmer. Keunikan kasus bermukimnya orang Khmer di Jawa disebutkan pula dalam sumber epigrafi Khmer. Dalam prasasti-prasasti Khmer disebutkan fenomena pemukiman orang Khmer di Jawa, dan diberitakan pula bahwa salah satu raja Khmer pernah menetap di Jawa selama beberapa tahun. Kajian ini berusaha untuk menjawab permasalahan dinamika pendudukan orang Khmer di Jawa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kedudukan kasus menetapnya orang Khmer di Jawa sebagai suatu fenomena diaspora atau bukan. Tahapan penelitian dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data, analisis, dan interpretasi, dengan data utama berupa prasasti. Kajian ini menghasilkan pemahaman mengenai dinamika motivasi perpindahan tempat bermukim orang Khmer ke Jawa, letak daerah bermukim orang Khmer di Jawa, dan bentuk interaksi orang Khmer dengan orang Jawa. Meskipun demikian, belum ada bukti-bukti yang menguatkan fenomena tersebut sebagai suatu diaspora.The presence of foreigners in Java is known from references to ‘wargga kilalan’ in inscriptions. Inscriptions issued from the Airlangga to Majapahit period clearly mentioned the existence of foreigners, particularly regarding the tax collection of foreigners. One of the foreign communities that resided in Java during the ancient Javanese period was the Khmer people. Such phenomenon is recorded also in inscriptions found in Cambodia, including a Khmer king who spent several years in Java. This study seeks to clarify the dynamics of the relationship of the Khmer residents with the Javanese population and to determine whether this can be considered as an example of a diasporic phenomenon. The steps of the research included data collection, analysis, and interpretation, with inscriptions as the main data. This study yielded an understanding of the motivation for the Khmer migration to Java, the location of the Khmer settlements in Java, and the nature of the interaction between the Khmer and the Javanese. However, there has been no evidence that supported such a phenomenon as a diaspora.