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All Journal HUMANIS Jurnal Kajian Bali Forum Arkeologi KALPATARU Pustaka : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Budaya Ulil Albab ULIL ALBAB
Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya R
Universitas Udayana
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PLURALISME PADA MASA BALI KUNO ABAD IX-XIV BERDASARKAN REKAMAN ARKEOLOGI I Wayan Srijaya; Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya R
Forum Arkeologi VOLUME 34, NOMOR 2, OKTOBER 2021
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/fa.v34i2.695

Abstract

Pluralism is a diction that is used to express diversity, a reality that exists in this archipelago. It is an idea or view of life that recognizes and accepts the existence of pluralism or diversity in a community group. This plurality is represented by differences in terms of religions/beliefs, ethnicities, races, customs, languages, and cultures. Archaeological remains dating from the Hindu Buddhist era in Bali provide information on this diversity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explain the diversity that is reflected in the archaeological records. The method used is observation, literature study, and qualitative analysis. Archaeological records dating from the IX to XIV century AD in Bali, both in the artifactual and textual indicate that Balinese people can live in harmony amidst differences. Different beliefs do not cause social tensions in society. Based on the existing archaeological records, Balinese people have shown diversity since the IX century AD. This diversity was maintained and nurtured by the rulers at that time so that tolerance was built between people of different religions/beliefs. Pluralisme merupakan diksi yang digunakan untuk menyatakan keberagaman, sebuah realita yang ada di bumi Nusantara ini. Pluralisme adalah suatu paham atau pandangan hidup yang mengakui dan menerima adanya kemajemukan atau keanekaragaman dalam suatu kelompok masyarakat. Kemajemukan tersebut direpresentasikan oleh adanya perbedaan dari sisi agama/ kepercayaan, suku, ras, adat istiadat, bahasa, dan budaya. Tinggalan arkeologi yang berasal dari masa Hindu Buddha di Bali memberikan informasi keberagaman tersebut. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan kemajemukan yang yang tercermin pada rekaman tinggalan arkeologi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi, studi pustaka, serta analisis kualitatif. Rekaman arkeologi yang berasal dari abad IX-XIV di Bali, baik yang berupa artefaktual dan tekstual mengindikasikan bahwa masyarakat Bali dapat hidup secara harmonis di tengah-tengah perbedaan. Perbedaan keyakinan yang dianut tidak menimbulkan ketegangan sosial di masyarakat. Berdasarkan rekaman arkeologi yang ada, masyarakat Bali telah menunjukkan kemajemukan sejak abad IX. Keberagaman ini terus dipelihara dan dipupuk oleh para penguasa ketika itu sehingga terbangun toleransi di antara masyarakat yang berlainan agama/kepercayaannya.
GUNUNG KAWI TEMPLE TAMPAKSIRING: RELIGIOUS EDUCATION SITE DURING ANCIENT BALI Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya R; Heri Purwanto; Coleta Palupi Titasari
Forum Arkeologi VOLUME 33, NOMOR 2, OKTOBER 2020
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/fa.v33i2.584

Abstract

Kajian terhadap bangunan suci yang berfungsi sebagai tempat pendidikan agama masa lalu yang sering disebut dengan mandala kadewaguruan jarang disentuh oleh peneliti. Candi Gunung Kawi Tampaksiring sebagai salah satu bangunan suci keagamaan masa lalu telah memberikan petunjuk bahwa kemungkinan tempat ini difungsikan juga sebagai ruang belajar-mengajar. Untuk itu studi ini ingin menelusuri bukti-bukti yang memperkuat dugaan tersebut dan ingin menjelaskan kehidupan masyarakat pendukungnya. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan langsung ke lapangan (observasi) dan studi pustaka. Analisis data yaitu mengunakan analisis kualitatif, kontekstual, dan komparatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Candi Gunung Kawi Tampaksiring merupakan sebuah bangunan suci yang berstatus sebagai mandala kadewaguruan. Hal ini buktikan dengan beberapa variabel yakni tempat yang luas, ditemukan berbagai tinggalan arkeologi keagamaan, ditemukan gerabah, dan diberitakan dalam prasasti. Kehidupan yang dilakukan oleh kaum ṛṣidan pertapa menunjukkan aktivitas yang kompleks yakni memenuhi kebutuhan sosial yang berkenaan dengan kegiatan estafet pendidikan agama, memenuhi kebutuhan religius yang senantiasa mengadakan berbagai upacara keagamaan, dan memenuhi kebutuhan hidup yang berkaitan dengan makanan dan minuman. The study of sacred buildings that served as religious education sites in the past or often called as rarely carried out by researchers. Gunung Kawi Temple Tampaksiring as one of the sacred religious buildings in the past has given hints of the possibility of this place used as learning and teaching space. For this reason, this study aims to find out the evidence that reinforce the assumption and to explain the life of the supporting community. Data was collected through observations and literature reviews. The data was analyzed by using qualitative, contextual and comparative analysis. The results of this study show that Gunung Kawi Temple is a sacred building with a Mandala Kadewaguruan status. It is proven by evidences such as, i.e. its wide place, variety of religious remains findings, ceramics findings, and inscription reports. The life of the rṣi dan hermits showed complex activities meeting social needs related to learning and teaching,fulfilling religious needs by conducting various ceremonies as well as fulfilling the needs life related to foods and drinks.
Ikonografi Hindu Abad VIII-XII M di Kabupaten Gianyar, Bangli, dan Buleleng: Analisis Bentuk, Fungsi, dan Makna I Wayan Srijaya; Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya R; Coleta Palupi Titasari; A. A. Gde Bagus; I Nyoman Rema
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol 10 No 2 (2020): TEKS DAN TRADISI BALI
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Bali Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (661.719 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JKB.2020.v10.i02.p06

Abstract

Iconography is the study of the art of sculpture. The statue is a symbol of God or the embodiment of a deceased public figure. In Indonesia in general and Bali in particular, the tradition of making statues has a long history, from the time of farming to the days of the influence of Hindu and Buddhist civilization. During the Hindu and Buddhist era, the development of statues with Hindu and Buddhist motifs was developed. This research is focused on Hindu-style statues found in Gianyar, Bangli, and Buleleng Regencies. Hindu iconographic research aims to obtain the historical pictures of the arts of the statues, their forms, functions, and meanings in people's lives. The results show that Hindu iconography in Bali has various forms, with different functions from the original functions. Likewise, the meanings depend on the community that makes meanings in the present context.
TRACING VISHNU THROUGH ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMAINS AT THE WESTERN SLOPE OF MOUNT LAWU Heri Purwanto; Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya R.
KALPATARU Vol. 29 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v29i1.664

Abstract

Abstract. To date, The West Slope area of Mount Lawu has quite a lot of archaeological remains originated from Prehistoric Period to Colonial Period. The number of religious shrines built on Mount Lawu had increased during the Late Majapahit period and were inhabited and used by high priests (rsi) and ascetics. The religious community was resigned to a quiet place, deserted, and placed far away on purpose to be closer to God. All religious activities were held to worship Gods. This study aims to trace Vishnu through archaeological remains. Archaeological methods used in this study are observation, description, and explanation. Result of this study shows that no statue has ever been identified as Vishnu. However, based on archeological data, the signs or symbols that indicated the existence of Vishnu had clearly been observed. The archeological evidences are the tortoise statue as a form of Vishnu Avatar, Garuda as the vehicle of Vishnu, a figure riding Garuda, a figure carrying cakra (the main weapon of Vishnu), and soles of his feet (trivikrama of Vishnu). Keyword: Mount Lawu, Symbols, Vishnu Abstrak. Kawasan Lereng Barat Gunung Lawu hingga saat ini cukup banyak menyimpan tinggalan arkeologi, baik yang berasal dari Masa Prasejarah hingga Masa Kolonial. Jumlah bangunan suci keagamaan yang didirikan mengalami peningkatan ketika masa Majapahit Akhir, yang diyakini dibangun dan dihuni oleh kaum rsi dan pertapa. Kaum agamawan tersebut sengaja mengundurkan diri ke tempat yang sunyi, sepi, dan jauh dari keramaian untuk mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhan. Sudah barang tentu kegiataan keagamaan yang dilakukan adalah pemujaan terhadap para dewa. Kajian ini ingin menelusuri jejak keberadaan Wisnu melalui tinggalan arkeologi yang ada. Untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut digunakan metode arkeologi yakni observasi, deskripsi, dan ekplanasi. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa hingga sekarang belum ditemukan adanya arca Wisnu, namun berdasarkan tanda dan simbol yang berkaitan dengan Wisnu jelas teramati. Bukti-bukti tersebut adalah arca kura-kura yang merupakan salah satu wujud dari avatara Wisnu, Garuda wahana dari Wisnu, tokoh menunggang garuda, tokoh membawa cakra (senjata utama dari Wisnu), dan telapak kaki (trivikrama Wisnu). Kata kunci: Gunung Lawu, Simbol, Wisnu
Gaya Seni Relief Yeh Pulu di Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya Rajeg; Heri Purwanto
KALPATARU Vol. 30 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v30i1.803

Abstract

The relationship between Indonesia and India manifested in various cultural forms that still survive today, one of which is in form of relief. Yeh Pulu is an archaeological site located in Banjar Batulumbang, Bedulu Village, Blahbatuh District, Gianyar Regency, Bali. To date, the relief in Yeh Pulu has not been studied intensely. The objective of this research is to reveal the characteristics of reliefs in Yeh Pulu Site. Data collection was carried out through direct observations in the field and also photographs. A comparative study was used for the analysis, by comparing Yeh Pulu Relief with the reliefs from temples in Java. The results showed that the Yeh Pulu Relief has nine scenes depicting various activities of past lives. One of the scenes depicted the story of Kresnayana, which perhaps was the inspiration for the reliefs. Yeh Pulu relief was developed around 14 – 15 AD or during late Majapahit era.
Air dan Peradaban Manusia pada Zaman Bali Kuno I Wayan Srijaya; Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya R.
Journal Social and Humaniora Vol 21 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Udayana University Press bekerjasama dengan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/PJIIB.2021.v21.i01.p10

Abstract

Water is one of the natural elements that is needed by living things. Every living thing, including humans, cannot stay without water. Therefore water is one of the basic human needs besides the need for sanitation and shelter. Water functions as a thirst quencher when humans are thirsty, and functions as fertilizer for plants during the dry season. That is why water is indispensable for maintaining the survival of humans and other creatures. Water is also the starting place for the emergence of a human civilization.
Tinggalan Seni Arca Di Pura Puseh Desa Getakan Kecamatan Banjarangkan Kabupaten Klungkung Ni Luh Putu Meriandani; I Wayan Srijaya; Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya R
ULIL ALBAB : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 11 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : CV. Ulil Albab Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56799/jim.v1i11.745

Abstract

Abstract: Tinggalan seni arca merupakan salah satu tinggalan arkeologi yang banyak tersebar di wilayah Pulau Bali dan disimpan di tempat suci/pura. Salah satu pura di Kabupaten Klungkung yang terdapat tinggalan seni arca, yaitu Pura Puseh Desa Getakan, Kecamatan Banjarangkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk, fungsi, dan makna tinggalan seni arca. Menggunakan beberapa metode tahap pengumpulan data, diantaranya studi pustaka, observasi, dan wawancara. Terdapat dua teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu teori fungsional dan teori simbol untuk membantu memecahkan masalah atau menjadi guideline dalam penelitian ini. Menggunakan tiga metode analisis data, yaitu analisis morfologi, analisis ikonografi, dan analsisi kwalitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa tinggalan seni arca di Pura Puseh Desa Getakan, yaitu arca Ganesha, empat belas arca perwujudan, dan dua puluh fragmen arca. Fungsi dari tinggalan seni arca tersebut sudah mengalami perubahan jika dilihat dari fungsi awal arca tersebut dibuat. Saat ini, tinggalan arca tersebut berfungsi sebagai sarana pemujaan, memohon keselamatan, dan perlindungan. Masyarakat peyugsungnya memaknai tinggalan seni arca tersebut sebagai tinggalan yang sangat dikeramatkan dan disakralkan untuk sarana pemujaan.
Tinggalan Seni Arca Di Pura Puseh Desa Getakan Kecamatan Banjarangkan Kabupaten Klungkung Ni Luh Putu Meriandani; I Wayan Srijaya; Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya R
ULIL ALBAB : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 11 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : CV. Ulil Albab Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (109.6 KB) | DOI: 10.56799/jim.v1i11.745

Abstract

Abstract: Tinggalan seni arca merupakan salah satu tinggalan arkeologi yang banyak tersebar di wilayah Pulau Bali dan disimpan di tempat suci/pura. Salah satu pura di Kabupaten Klungkung yang terdapat tinggalan seni arca, yaitu Pura Puseh Desa Getakan, Kecamatan Banjarangkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk, fungsi, dan makna tinggalan seni arca. Menggunakan beberapa metode tahap pengumpulan data, diantaranya studi pustaka, observasi, dan wawancara. Terdapat dua teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu teori fungsional dan teori simbol untuk membantu memecahkan masalah atau menjadi guideline dalam penelitian ini. Menggunakan tiga metode analisis data, yaitu analisis morfologi, analisis ikonografi, dan analsisi kwalitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa tinggalan seni arca di Pura Puseh Desa Getakan, yaitu arca Ganesha, empat belas arca perwujudan, dan dua puluh fragmen arca. Fungsi dari tinggalan seni arca tersebut sudah mengalami perubahan jika dilihat dari fungsi awal arca tersebut dibuat. Saat ini, tinggalan arca tersebut berfungsi sebagai sarana pemujaan, memohon keselamatan, dan perlindungan. Masyarakat peyugsungnya memaknai tinggalan seni arca tersebut sebagai tinggalan yang sangat dikeramatkan dan disakralkan untuk sarana pemujaan.
Panggung Politik Bali Kuno Pada Masa Pemerintahan Sri Maharaja Jayapangus I Wayan Srijaya; Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya R.
Humanis Vol 27 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JH.2023.v27.i03.p07

Abstract

Inscriptions are a cultural heritage found in Java, Bali and Sumatra. They were written using stone, metal, clay and palm leaves. Judging from the language and letters used, there are inscriptions written in Old Balinese letters and languages, Old Javanese letters and languages, Old Malay letters and languages and a mixture of Pre-Negari and Sanskrit letters. This research aims to explain the political history during the reign of King Sri Maharaja Haji Jayapangus in Bali during the XII century. The data sources in this research are ancient Balinese inscriptions issued by King Jayapangus during his reign, in the XII century. The data were collected using interview and literature study methods and analysed using a descriptive analitical method. The results show that the inscriptions generally contain aspects of Balinese society and important past events. The reason for selecting the inscriptions issued during the reign of King Jayapangus is because the king is known to be very active in documenting various events in the form of inscriptions. According to records, no less than 44 inscriptions were issued by the king. One of the aspects mentioned in his inscriptions is the socio-political life. This aspect is important for further study, because it concerns the continuity of the government system that took place at that period.
Co-Authors A. A. Gde Bagus Coleta Palupi Titasari Heri Purwanto Heri Purwanto I Nyoman Rema I Wayan Srijaya Ni Luh Putu Meriandani