Bilal Dewansyah
Departemen Hukum Tata Negara Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Jl. Dipati Ukur No. 35 – Bandung

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Reafirmasi Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensial dan Model Pertanggungjawaban Presidensial dalam Perubahan UUD 1945: Penelusuran Sebab dan Konsekuensi Dewansyah, Bilal; Zulfikar, M. Adnan Yazar
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 3, No 2 (2016): PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Padjadjaran University

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Abstract

Perubahan Ketiga UUD 1945 pada tahun 2001, menegaskan reafirmasi terhadap sistem presidensial. Namun, dalam proses Perubahan UUD 1945 berkembang juga semangat pembatasan kekuasaan Presiden, dengan memberikan kewenangan lebih kepada DPR sebagai lembaga legislatif, sebagaimana tercermin dalam Perubahan Pertama UUD 1945. Setelah perubahan, Presiden tidak lagi memiliki pertanggungjawaban politik. Hal tersebut melatarbelakangi dua permasalahan: Pertama, mengapa perubahan UUD 1945 menetapkan pilihan politik untuk melakukan reafirmasi terhadap sistem presidensial. Kedua, bagaimana konsekuensi perubahan tersebut pada pertanggungjawaban Presiden. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjawab kedua permasalahan tersebut: Pertama, menyelidiki sebab reafirmasi sistem presidensial pada perubahan UUD 1945. Kedua, menggambarkan konsekuensi perubahan UUD 1945 pada sistem pertanggungjawaban Presiden dan Wakil Presiden. Tulisan ini akan dimulai dengan pembahasan pengantar mengenai perdebatan teoritis sistem pemerintahan, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pembahasan sebab pilihan reafirmasi sistem presidensial dan pertanggungjawaban Presiden setelah perubahan UUD 1945. Hasil kajian tulisan ini menunjukan bahwa reafirmasi sistem presidensial dalam UUD 1945 dilatarbelakangi semangat membentuk pemerintahan yang stabil, namun juga dengan semangat membatasi kekuasaan Presiden, sehingga diberikan kekuasaan lebih kepada legislatif. Pengalaman masa lalu tentang kegagalan sistem parlementer juga menjadi alasan reafirmasi sistem presidensial. Perubahan UUD 1945 juga berkonsekuensi pada perubahan sistem pertanggungjawaban Presiden. Setelah perubahan UUD 1945, pertanggungjawaban yang dapat memberhentikan Presiden hanya melalui impeachment.Reaffirmation on Precidential Form of Government and Precidential Accountability System on Constitutional Amendments: The Search for Cause and Consequences AbstractThe Third Amendment of the 1945 Constitution has reaffirm presidential form of government. During the amendments, there is also spirit to restrict Presidential power by enumerating more powers to the DPR as the legislature. After the 1945 Constitution amended, President does not have the means of political accountability. It raises two issues: First, why did 1945 Constitutional amendments choose to reaffirm presidential system? Second, how the consequences of these amendments in the term of Presidential accountability? This paper aims to address both issues: First, investigating the reason of presidential system reaffirmation in 1945 Constitutional amendment. Second, describing the consequences of the 1945 Constitutional amendments to the presidential accountability system. This paper will begin with an introduction on type of government theoretical debate, and followed by an analysis of the reason behind presidential system reaffirmation in 1945 constitution amendment and the presidential accountability after these change. This paper shows that presidential system reaffirmation in 1945 constitutional amendments was motivated by the spirit to form a stable government with the spirit to limit presidential power in the same time, so it was done by enumerating more power to the legislature. After 1945 constitutional change, President can be dismissed only by impeachment.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v3n2.a4
ASYLUM SEEKERS IN A NON-IMMIGRANT STATE AND THE ABSENCE OF REGIONAL ASYLUM SEEKERS MECHANISM: A CASE STUDY OF ROHINGYA ASYLUM SEEKERS IN ACEH-INDONESIA AND ASEAN RESPONSE Dewansyah, Bilal; Dramanda, Wicaksana; Mulyana, Imam
Indonesia Law Review
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The problem of asylum seekers has become a global humanitarian issue. Demands regarding the handling mechanisms based on the values of human rights is getting stronger voiced by the international community. In the Southeast Asian region, the number of ethnic Rohingya asylum seekers has increased and has started to demand settlement in non-immigrant countries like Indonesia. Although Indonesia does not have international obligations in handling asylum seekers, constitutionally, Indonesia has an obligation to guarantee the right of everyone to obtain asylum which has been included in the Constitution. In a global perspective, humanitarian issues in the handling of asylum seekers has begun to be driven towards the handling model based on regionalism. Therefore, ASEAN’s response to the issue of asylum seekers should start a discourse given the number of asylum seekers in Southeast Asia began to rise. This paper deals with the immigration policy on asylum seekers of Rohingya people in Aceh province of Indonesia who plight in 2015 “boat people crisis” with regionalism approach.