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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri) Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Dyah Manohara
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
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Pengembangan Varietas Unggul Lada Tahan Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang yang di sebabkan oleh Phytophthora capsici Dono Wahyuno; Dyah Manohara; Susilowati D. Ningsih; R. T. Setijono
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 29, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v29n3.2010.p86-95

Abstract

Lada (Piper nigrum) merupakan tanaman rempah yang dibudidayakan banyak petani di Indonesia. Produktivitas lada Indonesia relatif rendah, selain karena fluktuasi harga sehingga petani kesulitan memelihara kebun dengan baik, juga akibat serangan penyakit busuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan oleh jamur Phytophthora capsici. Untuk mengurangi kerugian hasil akibat serangan BPB, perlu dilakukan pengembangan tanaman lada tahan BPB berdaya hasil tinggi disertai dengan sistem budi daya yang efisien. Namun, pengembangan varietas lada tahan BPB menghadapi masalah sempitnya keragaman genetik lada dan adanya variasi virulensi P. capsici. Upaya mendapatkan lada tahan BPB telah dilakukan melalui persilangan intraspesies maupun antarspesies Piper spp., tetapi masih perlu dilanjutkan untuk mendapatkan varietas lada tahan BPB dan berdaya hasil tinggi. Sebaran geografis P. capsici yang luas dan adanya variasi virulensi pada populasi P. capsici menyebabkan komponen pengendalian BPB yang lain perlu terus diperbaiki. Upaya ini penting untuk mendukung budi daya lada tahan BPB dan kelangsungan produksi lada nasional.
MUTU FISIOLOGIS RIMPANG BENIH JAHE PUTIH BESAR SELAMA PENYIMPANAN DENGAN PELAPISAN LILIN DAN APLIKASI PACLOBUTRAZOL Devi Rusmin; MR Suhartanto; Satriyas Ilyas; Dyah Manohara; E Widajati
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 26, No 1 (2015): Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v26n1.2015.35-46

Abstract

Rimpang benih jahe putih besar tidak dapat disimpan lama karena mudah berkerut dan bertunas. Untuk meningkatkan daya simpan benih jahe telah dilaksanakan percobaan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelapisan lilin dengan aplikasi Paclobutrazol (PBZ) terhadap perubahan mutu fisiologis rimpang benih JPB selama penyimpanan. Percobaan dilaksanakan di kamar kaca dan Laboratorium Teknologi Benih, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat sejak Januari sampai September 2014. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi dengan tiga ulangan. Sebagai petak utama adalah dua suhu ruang simpan (1) (26-280C) (RH 70-80%) dan (2) (20-220C) (RH 65-75%), sebagai anak petak adalah perlakuan benih (1) kontrol (tanpa bahan pelapis lilin); (2) pelapisan lilin + PBZ 0 ppm, (3) pelapisan lilin + PBZ 500 ppm; (4) pelapisan lilin + PBZ 1.000 ppm; dan (5) pelapisan lilin + PBZ 1.500 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pelapisan lilin dengan aplikasi PBZ sampai 1.500 ppm belum mampu menekan penyusutan bobot rimpang benih JPB sampai empat bulan setelah simpan, baik pada pada suhu penyimpanan 26-280C maupun pada suhu 20-220C. Kombinasi pelapisan lilin dengan aplikasi PBZ 1.500 ppm pada suhu 20-220C mampu menekan persentase rimpang bertunas sampai tiga bulan simpan dan menekan laju respirasi sampai empat bulan.
PRETREATMENT EFFECT OF BLACK PEPPER SEEDLINGS WITH Pseudomonas, Trichoderma AND MYCORRHIZA ON FOOT ROT DISEASE INCIDENCE Dono Wahyuno; Dyah Manohara; Octivia Octivia Trisilawati
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 27, No 1 (2016): BULETIN PENELITIAN TANAMAN REMPAH DAN OBAT
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v27n1.2016.55-66

Abstract

Foot rot disease caused by a Phytophthora capsici is a main constraint of black pepper cultivation in Indonesia. Improving soil microbial community populations are an alternative approach to suppress the disease incidence. The objective of the present study was assessing the soil microbe application on disease incidence. The research was conducted at greenhouse and field site in Bogor and Sukamulya Research Station, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. At the greenhouse: Seedlings of Natar 1 variety derived from a single node cutting were inoculated with:                                       (1) P. fluorescens (Pf); (2) Trichoderma (Tr); (3) P. fluorescens + Trichoderma (Pf+Tr); (4) P. fluorescens + Trichoderma + AM fungus (Pf+Tr+AM); that artificially inoculated with Phytophthora; (5) The untreated treatment (0) and (6) the               P. capsici inoculated (Phy) were used as control. The experiment was arranged in Complete Random Design, repeated three times, with 30 seedlings each. The field trial was performed at foot rot disease endemic site. The seven nodes pepper seedlings that previously inoculated with (1) P. fluorescens (Pf), (2) Trichoderma (Tr), (3) P. fluorescens and Trichoderma (Pf+Tr), (4) P. fluorescens, Trichoderma, and AM fungi (Pf+Tr+AM), and the uninoculated (0) were used as materials. The treatments were arranged in Complete Random Block Design with five plots each, which consist of              16 pepper vines each. Observations were carried out for disease incidence, soil microbes population and plant vegetative growth parameters. The results showed, all tested beneficial soil microbes reduced disease incidence occurrence for greenhouse, however only Trichoderma individual treatment reduced disease incidence lower than the control in the field test.
Pseudocercospora liebenbergii PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BERCAK DAUN TANAMAN AKAR TIKUS DONO WAHYUNO; DYAH MANOHARA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 4 (1998): November, 1998
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n4.1998.124-128

Abstract

Pseudocercospora liebenbergii the cause of leaf spot disease on Rauwolfta serpentinaThe experiments wee conducted at Reseach Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, rom Ocober 1995 o March 19%. The objective of the experiments wee to identify the causal agent of leaf spot disease on Rauwofia serpentina and some ecobiological aspects. The expeiments were divided into two steps. The first step was observation on the disease intensity and identification of the causal agent. The second step was testing the effect of temperature and light on the mycelia growth and the germination of conidia, and the survival of conidia at diferent ranges of elative humidity. The results showed that the pathogenic of leaf spot disease is Pseudocercospora liebenbergii, newly eported pathogenic fungus in Indonesia. The fungus infected leaf only. The disease intensity ranged between 0-85%/plant with the average 22.23%. The first symptoms i.e. light spots wee observed 2-3 weeks after the inoculation. Stroma wee found on the upper and botom of the oldest spots The optimum temperatue for fungal growth ranged between 20-28°C. Continuous light was able o induce the growth of aerial mycelia but failed against the fungal rate. The germination of conidia occured at temperature between 20-32°C with an optimum of 24°C. Conidia on the surface of the oldest leaf spots were still viable ater the leaves wee incubated for 48 hours at 55% elative humidity.
Growth Pattern, Biochemical and Physiological Characteristics to Determine Harvesting Time of Big White Ginger Rhizome Seeds Devi Rusmin; M.R Suhartanto; S. Ilyas; Dyah Manohara; E. Widajati
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 29, No 1 (2018): Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v29n1.2018.9-20

Abstract

The use of young seed rhizomes became one of the obstacles in large white ginger (JPB) cultivation. Young ginger rhizomes rapidly shrank and decrease their viability. The experiment was aimed to study growth patterns, biochemical changes, and physiology of ginger plants to produce good quality rhizome seeds.  JPB rhizome seeds used were 9 months old, have been stored for 2 weeks after harvest, weighed 30-40 g with 2-3 buds, healthy, and given seed treatment. The rhizomes were planted in growth medium in polybags (60 cm x 60 cm). The study was conducted by direct observation, repeated 4 times, consisting of 50 plants per replication.  Observations were made on the plant growth patterns (plant height, stem length, tillers number, leaves number); rhizome development (fresh weight, branch rhizomes number, moisture content, and dry weight during growth); starch and hormonal content (IAA, gibberellin, ABA and cytokinin) of the rhizomes; and viability of rhizome seeds (growth rate, seed height, and dry weight). The results showed that the rhizomes of the 7-month-old ginger after planting (MAP) has entered the ripening phase, the rhizome morphology was optimal, and the starch content was not different from the rhizome seeds at 8 and 9 MAP. In addition, physiologically, the rhizome's growth potential was maximal (100%), growth rate (4.3% etmal-1), and seed height (33.8 cm) were better than 8 MAP (80%, 2.9% etmal-1, 33.7 cm) and 9 MAP (70%, 2.3% etmal-1, 29.4 cm).  This study indicated that ginger rhizomes harvested from 7 months old plants can be used for seeds.
CENDAWAN ENDOFIT AKAR LADA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN MENEKAN BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG BENIH LADA Dono Wahyuno; Dini Florina; Dyah Manohara
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 28, No 1 (2017): BULETIN PENELITIAN TANAMAN REMPAH DAN OBAT
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v28n1.2017.57-64

Abstract

Busuk pangkal batang (BPB) merupakan penyakit tular tanah yang disebabkan oleh Phytophthora capsici. Pemanfaatan agens hayati dianggap pendekatan yang efisien untuk penyakit BPB. Cendawan endofit mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan ketahanan tanaman terhadap cekaman biotik dan abiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi cendawan endofit asal akar lada terhadap pertumbuhan dan kemampuannya menekan penyakit BPB pada benih lada. Cendawan endofit diperoleh dengan mengisolasi akar lada menggunakan medium akar kentang dekstrosa (AKD) yang diberi kloramfenikol dan rose bengal. Isolat cendawan yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan melakukan pengamatan morfologi, uji tantang terhadap P. capsici dan uji patogenisitas pada daun lada. Cendawan endofit diinokulasikan pada akar benih lada dengan cara merendam perakaran lada umur 10 minggu ke dalam suspensi cendawan endofit, kemudian ditanam dalam tanah steril untuk diamati. Kandungan hormon IAA dan GA3 di dalam akar diukur menggunakan TLC scanner satu bulan setelah diinokulasi. Inokulasi P. capsici dilakukan dengan menyiram 50 ml suspensi zoospora (106 zoospora/ml) di perakaran lada yang sebelumnya telah diinokulasi cendawan endofit. Benih lada yang hidup diamati satu bulan setelah inokulasi. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan enam isolat tidak berpengaruh nyata pada parameter jumlah daun, buku, dan jumlah tanaman yang mati. Benih lada yang telah  diinokulasi  cendawan endofit E-5, E-7 dan E-15 mempunyai bobot kering akar berturut-turut 0,83; 0,84 dan 0,81 g dan berbeda nyata dari perlakuan lainnya. Kandungan hormon IAA relatif tinggi dibanding kandungan GA3 di dalam akar yang diinokulasi dengan ketiga isolat tersebut. Benih lada yang diinokulasi ketiga isolat tersebut lebih dari 80% yang hidup, pada satu bulan setelah diinokulasi P. capsici.
Pseudocercospora liebenbergii PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BERCAK DAUN TANAMAN AKAR TIKUS DONO WAHYUNO; DYAH MANOHARA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 4, No 4 (1998): November, 1998
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v4n4.1998.124-128

Abstract

Pseudocercospora liebenbergii the cause of leaf spot disease on Rauwolfta serpentinaThe experiments wee conducted at Reseach Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, rom Ocober 1995 o March 19%. The objective of the experiments wee to identify the causal agent of leaf spot disease on Rauwofia serpentina and some ecobiological aspects. The expeiments were divided into two steps. The first step was observation on the disease intensity and identification of the causal agent. The second step was testing the effect of temperature and light on the mycelia growth and the germination of conidia, and the survival of conidia at diferent ranges of elative humidity. The results showed that the pathogenic of leaf spot disease is Pseudocercospora liebenbergii, newly eported pathogenic fungus in Indonesia. The fungus infected leaf only. The disease intensity ranged between 0-85%/plant with the average 22.23%. The first symptoms i.e. light spots wee observed 2-3 weeks after the inoculation. Stroma wee found on the upper and botom of the oldest spots The optimum temperatue for fungal growth ranged between 20-28°C. Continuous light was able o induce the growth of aerial mycelia but failed against the fungal rate. The germination of conidia occured at temperature between 20-32°C with an optimum of 24°C. Conidia on the surface of the oldest leaf spots were still viable ater the leaves wee incubated for 48 hours at 55% elative humidity.
Pengembangan Varietas Unggul Lada Tahan Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang yang di sebabkan oleh Phytophthora capsici Dono Wahyuno; Dyah Manohara; Susilowati D. Ningsih; R. T. Setijono
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 29, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v29n3.2010.p86-95

Abstract

Lada (Piper nigrum) merupakan tanaman rempah yang dibudidayakan banyak petani di Indonesia. Produktivitas lada Indonesia relatif rendah, selain karena fluktuasi harga sehingga petani kesulitan memelihara kebun dengan baik, juga akibat serangan penyakit busuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan oleh jamur Phytophthora capsici. Untuk mengurangi kerugian hasil akibat serangan BPB, perlu dilakukan pengembangan tanaman lada tahan BPB berdaya hasil tinggi disertai dengan sistem budi daya yang efisien. Namun, pengembangan varietas lada tahan BPB menghadapi masalah sempitnya keragaman genetik lada dan adanya variasi virulensi P. capsici. Upaya mendapatkan lada tahan BPB telah dilakukan melalui persilangan intraspesies maupun antarspesies Piper spp., tetapi masih perlu dilanjutkan untuk mendapatkan varietas lada tahan BPB dan berdaya hasil tinggi. Sebaran geografis P. capsici yang luas dan adanya variasi virulensi pada populasi P. capsici menyebabkan komponen pengendalian BPB yang lain perlu terus diperbaiki. Upaya ini penting untuk mendukung budi daya lada tahan BPB dan kelangsungan produksi lada nasional.
PRETREATMENT EFFECT OF BLACK PEPPER SEEDLINGS WITH Pseudomonas, Trichoderma AND MYCORRHIZA ON FOOT ROT DISEASE INCIDENCE Dono Wahyuno; Dyah Manohara; Octivia Octivia Trisilawati
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 27, No 1 (2016): BULETIN PENELITIAN TANAMAN REMPAH DAN OBAT
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v27n1.2016.55-66

Abstract

Foot rot disease caused by a Phytophthora capsici is a main constraint of black pepper cultivation in Indonesia. Improving soil microbial community populations are an alternative approach to suppress the disease incidence. The objective of the present study was assessing the soil microbe application on disease incidence. The research was conducted at greenhouse and field site in Bogor and Sukamulya Research Station, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. At the greenhouse: Seedlings of Natar 1 variety derived from a single node cutting were inoculated with:                                       (1) P. fluorescens (Pf); (2) Trichoderma (Tr); (3) P. fluorescens + Trichoderma (Pf+Tr); (4) P. fluorescens + Trichoderma + AM fungus (Pf+Tr+AM); that artificially inoculated with Phytophthora; (5) The untreated treatment (0) and (6) the               P. capsici inoculated (Phy) were used as control. The experiment was arranged in Complete Random Design, repeated three times, with 30 seedlings each. The field trial was performed at foot rot disease endemic site. The seven nodes pepper seedlings that previously inoculated with (1) P. fluorescens (Pf), (2) Trichoderma (Tr), (3) P. fluorescens and Trichoderma (Pf+Tr), (4) P. fluorescens, Trichoderma, and AM fungi (Pf+Tr+AM), and the uninoculated (0) were used as materials. The treatments were arranged in Complete Random Block Design with five plots each, which consist of              16 pepper vines each. Observations were carried out for disease incidence, soil microbes population and plant vegetative growth parameters. The results showed, all tested beneficial soil microbes reduced disease incidence occurrence for greenhouse, however only Trichoderma individual treatment reduced disease incidence lower than the control in the field test.
MUTU FISIOLOGIS RIMPANG BENIH JAHE PUTIH BESAR SELAMA PENYIMPANAN DENGAN PELAPISAN LILIN DAN APLIKASI PACLOBUTRAZOL Devi Rusmin; MR Suhartanto; Satriyas Ilyas; Dyah Manohara; E Widajati
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 26, No 1 (2015): Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v26n1.2015.35-46

Abstract

Rimpang benih jahe putih besar tidak dapat disimpan lama karena mudah berkerut dan bertunas. Untuk meningkatkan daya simpan benih jahe telah dilaksanakan percobaan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelapisan lilin dengan aplikasi Paclobutrazol (PBZ) terhadap perubahan mutu fisiologis rimpang benih JPB selama penyimpanan. Percobaan dilaksanakan di kamar kaca dan Laboratorium Teknologi Benih, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat sejak Januari sampai September 2014. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi dengan tiga ulangan. Sebagai petak utama adalah dua suhu ruang simpan (1) (26-280C) (RH 70-80%) dan (2) (20-220C) (RH 65-75%), sebagai anak petak adalah perlakuan benih (1) kontrol (tanpa bahan pelapis lilin); (2) pelapisan lilin + PBZ 0 ppm, (3) pelapisan lilin + PBZ 500 ppm; (4) pelapisan lilin + PBZ 1.000 ppm; dan (5) pelapisan lilin + PBZ 1.500 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pelapisan lilin dengan aplikasi PBZ sampai 1.500 ppm belum mampu menekan penyusutan bobot rimpang benih JPB sampai empat bulan setelah simpan, baik pada pada suhu penyimpanan 26-280C maupun pada suhu 20-220C. Kombinasi pelapisan lilin dengan aplikasi PBZ 1.500 ppm pada suhu 20-220C mampu menekan persentase rimpang bertunas sampai tiga bulan simpan dan menekan laju respirasi sampai empat bulan.
Co-Authors DEVI RUSMIN Dini Florina Dono Wahyuno Dono Wahyuno E Widajati E. Widajati M.R Suhartanto MR Suhartanto Octivia Octivia Trisilawati R. T. Setijono S. Ilyas Satriyas Ilyas Susilowati D. Ningsih