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Potensi batuan sumber (source rock) hidrokarbon di Pegunungan Tigapuluh, Sumatera Tengah Heryanto, Rachmat; Hermiyanto, Heri
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 1, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Geological Agency

http://dx.doi.org/10.17014/ijog.vol1no1.20065aThe Tigapuluh Mountain located in southeast corner of the Riau Province, is a part of the southern margin of the Central Sumatera Basin, one of the biggest hydrocarbon producing basin in Indonesia. The hydrocarbon source rock potential is a fine grained clastics within the Late Eocene Kelesa and Oligocene Lakat Formations. The Kelesa Formation source rock has a TOC value of 2.31â9.63%, with hydrocarbon content of a good to excellent categories (6.23â70.72 kg/ton rock), whereas the Lakat Formation has a TOC value of 0.67â3.46%, with hydrocarbon content of a poor to excellent categories (1.21â37.38 kg/ton rock). Source rock thermal maturation of the Kelesa Formation ranges from a late immature to early mature, with kerogen type of I and II, whereas the Lakat Formation ranges from a late immature, with kerogen type of I, II, and III. Diagenetic stage of the hydrocarbon source rock of the Kelesa Formation is included to Mudrock Stage II which is equivalent to a mesogenetic mature âAâ. This diagenetic proccess was due to the burial history with the depth of up to 3000 m, resulted in a paleotemperature of 95C. The Lakat Formation is, however, included to Mudrock Stage I equivalent to the mesogenetic immature level. Burial history which occurred at the paleo temperature up to 65C, with the depth of burial up to 1500 m, led to the diagenetic process. Â Â

Perbandingan karakteristik lingkungan pengendapan, batuan sumber, dan diagenesis Formasi Lakat di lereng timur laut dengan Formasi Talangakar di tenggara Pegunungan Tigapuluh, Jambi Heryanto, Rachmat
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 1, No 4 (2006)
Publisher : Geological Agency

http://dx.doi.org/10.17014/ijog.vol1no4.20061The Central Sumatera Basin and the Jambi Subbasin is separated by the Tigapuluh High. During Late Oligocene â Middle Miocene, the Lakat Formation was deposited in fl uvial, fl ood plain associated with swamp, and tidal environments, whereas the Jambi Subbasin was occupied by the deposition of the Talangakar Formation in fl uvial and deltaic environments. The provenance of both formations was derived from the Tigapuluh and Barisan Mountain Highs. Diagenesis stage of the Talangakar Formation is higher (Mesogenetic mature B) than that of the Lakat Formation (Mesogenetic immature). This is because the Talangakar Formation was deposited within an unstable basin formed by horst, and graben structures which were still active during the deposition of the formation. On the other hand, the Lakat Formation was deposited in a more stable basin. Â Â

Hubungan antara diagenesis, reflektan vitrinit, dan kematangan batuan pembawa hidrokarbon batuan sedimen Miosen di Cekungan Bengkulu Heryanto, Rachmat
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 2, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Geological Agency

http://dx.doi.org/10.17014/ijog.vol2no2.20074The Early-Middle Miocene Seblat and Middle-Late Miocene Lemau Formations are two of sedimentary rock lithstratigrphic unit that occur in the Bengkulu Basin. Lithologically, the Seblat Formation consists of mudstone with some interbedded sandstones and conglomerate in the lower part and tuffaceous mudstone with some limestone lenses in the upper part. The Lemau Formation, however, comprises dominant sandstones with interbedded shales and sub-ordinate conglomerates and mudstone beds in the lower part, and mudstone with sandstone intercalations and coal seams in the upper part.Hydrogen Index (HI) versus Temperature Maximum (T) diagram shows that the source rock maturation at most of the samples is late immature to early mature. The vitrinite reflectance the dispersed organic matter (DOM) ranges from 0.37 to 0.55%; whereas of the coal seam ranges from 0.76 up to 0.94%. This indicates that the source rock maturation is defined to be late immature to early mature. The data indicate a burial history for about 2,500 m in depth, where the paleotemperature reached 80o C.Diagenetic processes observed from the Seblat and Lemau Sandstones are compaction, the forming of authigenic minerals and secondary porosities. The diagenetic stage includes the mesogenetic mature A, which equivalent to mudrock stage II, with the paleotemperature of 80o to 95o C, and the burial thickness of 2 to 3 km.There is a relationship between diagenetic stage, vitrinite reflectance, and maturation of organic matter of hydrocarbon source rock, caused by the burial depth. Â

Kemungkinan keterdapatan hidrokarbon di Cekungan Bengkulu Heryanto, Rachmat
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 2, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Geological Agency

http://dx.doi.org/10.17014/ijog.vol2no3.20071The Bengkulu Basin is known as a typical fore-arc basin, situated in the southwest of Sumatera Island. The basin was occupied by the Eo-Oligocene equivalent Lahat Formation that is unconformably overlain by the Oligocene-Miocene volcanic rock of Hulusimpang Formation. It is then succeeded by siliciclastics and few carbonates of Early-Middle Miocene Seblat Formation. Unconformably overlies the Seblat Formation is siliciclastics of the Middle-Late Miocene Lemau Formation, followed by the Late Miocene-Pliocene Simpangaur Formation. The deposition was ended by a typical volcanic rock of the Bintunan/Ranau Formation. The results of sedimentary rock and organic petrographic, scanning electron microscopic and geochemistry (TOC & rock-eval and gas chromatography) analyses conducted on several selected surface outcrop samples and some oil seepage samples collected during the field work, indicate that hydrocarbon is possibly present in the Bengkulu Basin. A source rock possibly occurs in fine-grained carbonaceous sediments of the Seblat and Lemau Formations. The reservoir rock is possibly the sandstone bed of the Lemau Formation and the sandstone and limestone beds of the Seblat Formation. The caprock is a claystone bed present within the Seblat Formation as well as in the Lemau Formation. The hydrocarbon trap probably occurs as stratigraphic and structural types. Â

Karakteristik batubara di Cekungan Bengkulu Heryanto, Rachmat; Suyoko, Suyoko
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 2, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Geological Agency

http://dx.doi.org/10.17014/ijog.vol2no4.20075Bengkulu Basin is known as a fore arc basin, which located in the southwestern part of Sumatera Island. Bengkulu Basin is occupied by Oligo-Miocene siliciclastic, coal, and carbonate sediments. Coal, one of alternative energies which can substitute hydrocarbon, is found within the sedimentary rocks of the Middle to Upper Miocene Lemau Formation as observed in Ketaun, Bengkulu, and Seluma areas. The thickness of the coal seams in the Ketaun area ranges from 100 to 200 cm, whereas in the Bengkulu area it varies between 100 to 350 cm, and in Seluma area up to 450 cm. Megascopically, coal seams in the Ketaun area are black in colour, dull to dull banded, with brownish black in streak, whereas in the Bengkulu and Seluma areas show a black colour, bright banded, and black streak. The mean of vitrinite reflectant value (Rv) of coal seam in the Ketaun area ranges from 0.41 to 0.49%, whereas in the Bengkulu and Seluma area it varies from 0.44 to 1.12%. The higher vitrinite reflectance of the Bengkulu and Seluma coals is probably due to the influence of andesitic sill intrusion. In general, the coal in the Ketaun area was deposited in an environment of relatively more to marine direction or limited influx clastic marsh or lower delta plain, where the tree density decreased. However, the coal in the Bengkulu and Seluma areas occurred in an environment which was relatively more to land direction or telmatic, or upper delta plain or wet forest swamp, where the tree density increased. Â

THE PROVENANCE AND DIAGENESIS OF SANDSTONES OF THE EOCENE TANJUNG FORMATION IN THE KUALAKURUN AREA, CENTRAL KALIMANTAN Heryanto, Rachmat; Margono, Untung
Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral Vol 18, No 5 (2008): Jurnal Sumber Daya Geologi
Publisher : Pusat Survei Geologi

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Kualakurun area is located in the western margin of Tertiary Barito Basin. The basin was filled by the Eocene Tanjung Formation consisting of conglomerate and sandstone in the lowerpart, mudstone within tercalated by coal seams in the middle part, and sandstones in the upper part. The sandstones consist of subarkose, sub litharenite, and felspathi clitharenite. The framework grains dominantly consist of quartz with some lithic and feldspar fragments.The accessory minerals are muscovite and opaque minerals. The provenance of sandstone fragments of theTanjung Formation were derived from Continental Block (Craton Interior) and Recycled Orogen (Quartzose Recycled), which mostprobably were derived from the pre-Tertiary rocks of the Schwaner Mountains (Cretaceous granites and tonalities intruding Silurian-Permian metamorphic rocks) in the west of the Kualakurun area. Diagenetic processes identified in the sandstones are compaction, mineral authigenic and secondary porosity formations. The diagenesis regimeis categorizedas “mesogenesis mature A”, that is equal to mudrocks tageII, having apaleo-temperature of 80°upto95°C,and the burial depth ranging from2to3 kilometers. Keyword: provenance, sandstone, diagenesis, Tanjung Formation, Kualakurun

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