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Kishan Singh Rawat
Geo-Informatics, Civil Engineering Department, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University) Dehradun - 248002, Uttrakhand, India
Earth & Planetary Sciences

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Assessment of silica content in groundwater of Peninsular Indian region using statistical techniques Kishan Singh Rawat; Sudhir Kumar Singh; Vinod Kumar Tripathi
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 52, No 3 (2020): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.55959

Abstract

The groundwater resources from open dug wells are the ultimate and inevitable drinking water source in Chennai municipality. These are of shallow depth of 8 to 10m with a static water depth range of 30 to 75 m. This study's objective was to assess silica (in the form of Silicon Dioxide, SiO2) in groundwater and to establish their baseline concentration. Twelve wells were monitored in the study area, in some parameters, namely: Chloride (Cl-), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), and SiO2. We examined the existing relationship between silica and other measured water quality parameters (Cl-, pH, TDS, and EC) using Spearman correlation matrix analysis in SPSS software and Normalized Difference Dispersal Index (NDDI) in Simplex Numerix software that was applied to identify the hotspots of SiO2. The water pH ranges from 8.09 to 8.37 (slightly alkaline) with an appreciable amount of TDS (730.50 to 1294.50 ppm). The groundwater also contains abundant silica (15.50 to 24.0 ppm), Cl- (106 to 438 ppm), and EC (759.50 to 1837.50 µS/cm). Further, a geostatistical tool was used to derive NDDI map of groundwater quality parameters and quantified site-specific variations in parameters, namely SiO2, Cl-, pH, TDS, and EC values. Average NDDI value enrichment was exhibited by SiO2 (0.09, ≈ 0.1) it reflects accretion, while average NDDI values of Cl- (–0.09, ≈–0.1), EC (–0.04), TDS (–0.03), and pH (–0.02), it outlined that by dilution in particular groundwater parameter.
Rainfall variability analysis using Precipitation Concentration Index: a case study of the western agro-climatic zone of Punjab, India Kishan Singh Rawat; Raj Kumar Pal; Sudhir Kumar Singh
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 53, No 3 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.64890

Abstract

Due to climate change, the rainfall pattern has changed, which ultimately either cause flood or drought in any region of the world. Hence, a rainfall variability analysis helps to manage the water resources better. Rainfall variability analysis of a long term at particular area reveals vital information about past and future climate. The study's objective was to analyse the rainfall variability and intensity of long term monthly rainfall data (1982–2018) using the Precipitation Concentration Index (PCI). Data was collected from Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, located at Bathinda, India. The PCI was calculated for the annual, winter, pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon season, and decadal scale. Results have outlined that PCIAnnual ranges from the lowest of 14.96 in 2006 to the highest of 43.82 in 2000, and the average of 37 years is 23.22. About ≈59.5% of the year PCIAnnual was characterised by Strong Irregularity of Precipitation Distribution (SIPD, PCIAnnual> 20), an indication of SIPD within the 37 years. While ≈2.7% of the year recorded annual value within the moderate irregular range (10<PCIAnuual<15), which indicates an irregular rainfall distribution (MIPD) and concentration across the months. Similarly, the precipitation concentration in China was also found strongly irregular in the western and northern parts of the northwest and the northern region of the Tibetan Plateau. The study recommends that the Bathinda Development Authority (BDA) may use and adopt these results and redevelop the existing groundwater recharge structures (pond) and artificial recharge structures.
Co-Authors Raj Kumar Pal Sudhir Kumar Singh Sudhir Kumar Singh Vinod Kumar Tripathi