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Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Silika Tersulfatasi dari Sekam Padi Idra Herlina; Edwin Rizki Safitra
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

In this work, sulphated silica (SiO2/SO3-H+) has been synthesized from rice husk through sol-gel method. Characterization with IR spectrophotometers showed similar peak between silica and sulphated silica. Silica typical bands consisting of strain O-H, bending water molecules, and asymmetric vibrations of silica atoms present in the siloxane appear at the peak of the analysis showing that silica synthesis of rice husk has been successfully performed. The modification of silica with sulphuric acid was not confirmed by IR spectrophotometers because the S-OH strain of sulphate ions overlaps with asymmetric vibrations of silica atoms present in siloxanes. The resulting sulphated silica was used as a catalyst in the esterification reaction of free fatty acid in a crude palm oil pond (Pond CPO). Pond CPO is a CPO that is bound to palm oil mill waste water. Pond CPO has free fatty acid content (FFA) between 40 to 70%. High levels of FFA CPO can be derived through esterification reactions with the help of SiO2/SO3-H+ catalyst. In this study, SiO2/SO3-H+ catalyst concentrations were varied i.e. 1, 3, and 5% (w/w). From the research result, the best catalyst performance was obtained at 5% concentration with the ability to decrease the FFA level by 49.70%. A B S T R A KPada penelitian ini, silika tersulfatasi (SiO2/SO3-H+) dibuat dari sekam padi melalui metode sol-gel. Karakterisasi dengan spektrofotometer IR menunjukkan puncak yang serupa antara silika dan silika tersulfatasi. Pita khas silika yang terdiri dari regangan O-H, bengkokan molekul air, dan vibrasi asimetrik atom silika yang ada pada siloksan muncul pada puncak hasil analisis yang menunjukkan bahwa sintesis silika dari sekam padi telah berhasil dilakukan. Modifikasi silika dengan asam sulfat tidak terkonfirmasi melalui spektrofotometer IR karena regangan S-OH dari ion sulfat tumpang tindih dengan vibrasi asimetrik atom silika yang ada pada siloksan. Silika tersulfatasi yang dihasilkan digunakan sebagai katalis pada reaksi esterifikasi asam lemak bebas crude palm oil (CPO) parit. CPO parit adalah CPO yang terikat pada air limbah pabrik minyak sawit. CPO parit memiliki kadar free fatty acid (FFA) antara 40 sampai 70%. Kadar FFA CPO yang tinggi tersebut dapat diturunkan melalui reaksi esterifikasi dengan bantuan katalis SiO2/SO3-H+. Pada penelitian ini, konsentrasi katalis SiO2/SO3-H+ divariasikan yaitu 1, 3, dan 5% (b/b). Dari hasil penelitian, kinerja katalis terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi 5% dengan kemampuan menurunkan kadar FFA sebesar 49,70%.

Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Silika Tersulfatasi dari Sekam Padi Idra Herlina; Edwin Rizki Safitra
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.34362

In this work, sulphated silica (SiO2/SO3-H+) has been synthesized from rice husk through sol-gel method. Characterization with IR spectrophotometers showed similar peak between silica and sulphated silica. Silica typical bands consisting of strain O-H, bending water molecules, and asymmetric vibrations of silica atoms present in the siloxane appear at the peak of the analysis showing that silica synthesis of rice husk has been successfully performed. The modification of silica with sulphuric acid was not confirmed by IR spectrophotometers because the S-OH strain of sulphate ions overlaps with asymmetric vibrations of silica atoms present in siloxanes. The resulting sulphated silica was used as a catalyst in the esterification reaction of free fatty acid in a crude palm oil pond (Pond CPO). Pond CPO is a CPO that is bound to palm oil mill waste water. Pond CPO has free fatty acid content (FFA) between 40 to 70%. High levels of FFA CPO can be derived through esterification reactions with the help of SiO2/SO3-H+ catalyst. In this study, SiO2/SO3-H+ catalyst concentrations were varied i.e. 1, 3, and 5% (w/w). From the research result, the best catalyst performance was obtained at 5% concentration with the ability to decrease the FFA level by 49.70%. A B S T R A KPada penelitian ini, silika tersulfatasi (SiO2/SO3-H+) dibuat dari sekam padi melalui metode sol-gel. Karakterisasi dengan spektrofotometer IR menunjukkan puncak yang serupa antara silika dan silika tersulfatasi. Pita khas silika yang terdiri dari regangan O-H, bengkokan molekul air, dan vibrasi asimetrik atom silika yang ada pada siloksan muncul pada puncak hasil analisis yang menunjukkan bahwa sintesis silika dari sekam padi telah berhasil dilakukan. Modifikasi silika dengan asam sulfat tidak terkonfirmasi melalui spektrofotometer IR karena regangan S-OH dari ion sulfat tumpang tindih dengan vibrasi asimetrik atom silika yang ada pada siloksan. Silika tersulfatasi yang dihasilkan digunakan sebagai katalis pada reaksi esterifikasi asam lemak bebas crude palm oil (CPO) parit. CPO parit adalah CPO yang terikat pada air limbah pabrik minyak sawit. CPO parit memiliki kadar free fatty acid (FFA) antara 40 sampai 70%. Kadar FFA CPO yang tinggi tersebut dapat diturunkan melalui reaksi esterifikasi dengan bantuan katalis SiO2/SO3-H+. Pada penelitian ini, konsentrasi katalis SiO2/SO3-H+ divariasikan yaitu 1, 3, dan 5% (b/b). Dari hasil penelitian, kinerja katalis terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi 5% dengan kemampuan menurunkan kadar FFA sebesar 49,70%.

PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL BERBAHAN BAKU FRAKSI MINYAK CPO (CRUDE PALM OIL) PARIT TERKATALISIS ZEOLIT ALAM LAMPUNG Idra Herlina; Deska Lismawenning Puspitarum; Latif Al Qadri; Edwin Rizki Safitra
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v7i1.5631

Telah dilakukan sintesis biodiesel dari CPO parit yaitu fraksi minyak pada limbah cair pabrik CPO. Sintesis dilakukan 2 tahap, yaitu esterifikasi untuk mengkonversi asam lemak bebas menjadi metil ester dan dilanjutkan dengan transesterifikasi untuk mengkonversi trigliserida menjadi metil ester. Katalis yang digunakan berbasis Zeolit Alam Lampung (ZAL) yang dimodifikasi dengan H2SO4 0,5 M (H-ZAL) dan digunakan sebagai katalis dalam tahap esterifikasi. Katalis berikutnya yaitu ZAL yang dimodifikasi dengan KOH (OH-ZAL) dan diuji aktivitas katalitiknya dalam reaksi transesterifikasi. Konsentrasi KOH divariasikan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi basa terhadap yield biodiesel. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menujukkan ZAL merupakan jenis mineral klinoptilolit yaitu pada 2θ di daerah 9,907; 22,389; 22,748; 28,041; dan 30,027°. Terjadi pergeseran puncak pada 2θ di daerah 28,041° untuk ZAL menjadi 27,802° pada OH-ZAL 0,5 M dan juga terjadi penurunan intensitas. Hal ini menunjukan adanya interaksi antara zeolit dengan KOH lalu terbentuk K2O. Terbentuknya K2O merupakan indikasi bahwa KOH yang terimpregnasi pada permukaan matriks zeolit telah termodifkasi melalui proses kalsinasi. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi KOH maka vibrasi pada gugus fungsi O-H juga meningkat namun vibrasi pada gugus fungsi T-O menjadi menurun. Biodiesel dengan yield tertinggi diperoleh pada katalis OH-ZAL 2 M yaitu 20,25% dengan kandungan metil ester oktadekanoal 38,59%, pentadekanoat 25,26%, linoleat 9,22%, dan metil ester lainnya dengan persentase kecil. Viskositas biodiesel sebesar 0,95 mm2/s pada 40°C.

Potensi Cahaya Laser sebagai Sensor Kadar Asam Lemak Jenuh pada Minyak Jelantah Nike Dwi Grevika Drantantiyas; Okky Fajar Tri Maryana; Idra Herlina; Prio Santoso
Jurnal Fisika Indonesia Vol 24, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Physics Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfi.v24i3.57418

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan panjang gelombang cahaya yang selektif sebagai sensor kadar asam lemak pada minyak jelantah. Minyak jelantah diperoleh dari limbah konsumsi rumah tangga dan pedagang kaki lima. Sampel minyak jelantah terbagi menjadi jumlah konsumsi yaitu 3 kali pengunaan, 6 kali penggunaan dan 9 kali penggunaan. Detektor cahaya yang digunakan adalah light dependent resistance yang dikendalikan oleh Arduino. Sumebr cahaya adalah laser dengan tiga panjang gelombang yaitu merah, hijau dan biru. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah perbedaan besar resisitansi antara cahaya yang melewati material dan cahaya tanpa melewai material. Berdasarkan hasil, akan dijelaskan interaksi cahaya yang melewati minyak jelantah dan panjang gelombang cahaya. Kadar asam lemak bebas pada minyak jelantah diukur dengan uji asam lemak bebas laboratorium. Berdasarkan kedua hasil pengukuran akan dikonversikan sehingga mendapat model sistem pengukuran. Berdasarkan model tersebut, panjang gelombang biru lebih sensitif sebagai sensor daripada panjang gelombang merah dan hijau.

Studi Inhibisi Korosi Pipa Sistem Pendingin Sekunder RSG-GAS BATAN Oleh Karboksimetil Kitosan Edwin Rizki Safitra; Dwi Cahyani; Idra Herlina
Journal of Science and Applicative Technology Vol 6 No 1 (2022): Journal of Science and Applicative Technology June Chapter
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LPPM), Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan, Lampung, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35472/jsat.v6i1.764

Corrosion is one of the unavoidable problems in nuclear reactor cooling systems that use water as a cooling medium. secondary cooling systemThe Reaktor Serba Guna–G.A. Siwabessy (RSG-GAS) is an open recirculation cooling system that uses carbon steel pipes for water delivery. Due to the obvious open recirculation cooling system, components in the system interact with oxygen in the air, resulting in corrosion. Corrosion control in the RSG-GAS has been accomplished through the continuous injection of zinc phosphate (ZnPO4) inorganic inhibitors, but the use of these inhibitors can contribute to environmental pollution and health issues. To resolve these concerns, environmentally-friendly corrosion inhibitors such as carboxymethyl chitosan have been used. CMC (carboxymethyl chitosan) is widely used because it is more amphiprotic than other chitosan derivatives. Because of the number of functional groups in carboxymethyl chitosan, it is an effective corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion inhibition test by CMC on carbon steel in the secondary cooling water system was performed using a weight-loss method in this study with variations of 0, 1, and 3 g CMC. The steel material's composition is 0.23% C, 0.17% Si, 0.008% P, 0.004% S, 0.012% Cr, and 0.037% Mn. According to the study, the corrosion rate generated at variations of 0, 1, and 3 g CMC is 8.237, 5,645, and 5,113 mpy, respectively. According to the data, the addition of CMC can reduce the weight loss of steel due to corrosion because CMC contains many amphiprotic groups that are adsorbed on the surface in half-full d Fe orbitals.

Sintesis dan karakterisasi komposit polipropilena/silika berbasis abu ampas tebu Idra Herlina; Yulistia Anggraini; Edwin Rizki Safitra
Journal of Science and Applicative Technology Vol 6 No 1 (2022): Journal of Science and Applicative Technology June Chapter
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LPPM), Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan, Lampung, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35472/jsat.v6i1.766

Polypropylene/sugarcane bagasse silica (PP/SiO2) composites have been synthesized. The sol gel method with 1 M NaOH was used to synthesize silica from bagasse ash. The results showed that the silica yield was 52.8%. The resulting silica was blended with polypropylene with a mass ratio variation of 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, and 1:25 to obtain PP/SiO2 composites. Composites in variations of 1:5 and 1:10 produce fragile plastic, whereas composites in variations 1:15, 1:20, and 1:25 produce strong and homogeneous plastic. The water resistance test showed that PP/SiO2 with variations of 1:15, 1:20,and 1:25 had good water resistance (> 94%), whereas variations of 1:5 and 1:10, the resistance to water dropped to 80-87%. FT-IR was used to characterize polypropylene, silica synthesized from bagasse ash, and PP/SiO2 composites (1:25) to observe functional group changes. FT-IR analysis showed that silica was successfully synthesized from bagasse ash. This is indicated by a band that widened at a wavenumber of 3400-3600 cm-1, which is characteristic of the O-H strain on water. This band is confirmed by a band with a wavenumber of 1660 cm-1 which is a bend in the O-H in a water molecule. Other silica characteristics can be seen in bands with wavenumbers of 1075 cm-1 and 950 cm-1, which are strains of Si-O, and bands with a wavenumber of 460 cm-1, which is a bend of Si-O. The spectra of polypropylene and PP/SiO2 were also similar. The similarity between the polypropylene and PP/SiO2 spectra indicates that SiO2 spreads homogeneously in polypropylene.

Pembuatan film plastik biodegradable dari limbah kulit kopi dengan penambahan kitosan/gliserol Edwin Rizki Safitra; Idra Herlina
Journal of Science and Applicative Technology Vol 4 No 1 (2020): Journal of Science and Applicative Technology June Chapter
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LPPM), Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan, Lampung, Indonesia

Biodegradable plastic production has been developed for a long time by researchers. Data from Ministry of Industry in 2017 stated Indonesia's plastic production reached 3.9 million tons/ year. In this study, the raw materials used came from untapped waste, namely coffee skin, biodiesel-waste glycerol and shrimp-shells chitosan. In this research, biodegradable plastic films have been produced with the addition of glycerol and coffee skin waste with chitosan concentration variations of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8%. After the optimum conditions were obtained by comparing the elongation and tensile strength values, then the variations in coffee skin waste were added with a weight of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 g. Tensile strength and elongation values with variations of chitosan were 0.2-1.87 MPa and 0.22-0.15%, respectively. Whereas the variation of tensile strength and elongation coffee skins were 1.8-0.27 MPa and 0.14-0.2%, respectively. The optimum conditions for producing biodegradable plastic films were obtained with variations of chitosan 4% and 2 g coffee skin with tensile strength and elongation values of 0.98 MPa and 0.16%. The tensile strength and elongation data produced from biodegradable plastic was still below the standard value of commercial plastic or synthetic plastic (HDPE) with values of tensile strength and elongation of 28.64 MPa and 6.5186% respectively.

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