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MICROBIAL ENRICHMENT PROCESS IN THE ANODE OF MICROBIAL FUEL CELL SYSTEM USING TOFU WASTEWATER (TWW) ANAEROBIC SLUDGE Ibdal Satar; Adi Permadi; Sukma Latifatunnajib
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 15 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2021.v15.i02.p05

Abstract

Microbial fuel cell consisting two main components which are anode and cathode materials. In the microbial fuel cell, both anode and cathode compartments are separated with a separator. Anode generates the protons and electrons while cathode converts protons into water with the presence electrons and oxygen. During the Microbial fuel cell operation, the performance of anode is very crucial due to it provides the protons and electrons. Hence, the high efficiency microbial fuel cell is very related with the high anode performance. This work addressed to the enrichment process of electroactive bacteria (EAB) in anode of microbial fuel cell. In this work, some parameters such as current generations, , and pH changes were used to assess the enrichment process of EAB was reached. In addition, the presence of EAB on the anode surface was identified based on the morphology of anode surface. The removal of COD and the pH value were determined by using the American public health analysis method and pH tester, respectively. The morphology of anode surface was analysed by using a scanning electron microscope. Whereas, current generation was tested by using a mustimeter. The removal of COD and final pH were obtained 71.4 % and 5.7, respectively. The optimum current generation was observed 0.19 mA. The surface morphology of anode before enriched with microbes was clear surface, while after enriched with microbes was attached by microbes. The removal of COD, pH changes, current generation and morphology of anode surface could be used to assess the EAB in the anode compartment. Keywords: Microbial fuel cell; anode; cathode; electroactive bacteria; pH changes.
Optimization of thin layers of coated turmeric extract (Curcuma longa L) tablets using a dipping method Adi Permadi; Sapto Yuliani; Iis Wahyuningsih; Ibdal Satar
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol 19, No 1: March 2022
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.249 KB) | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v19i1.20130

Abstract

Turmeric extracts have many benefits, such as an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuro-protector for dementia. The turmeric extracts can be prepared in the form of a thin layer of coated tablets through a dipping method using the dip coating and Simplex lattice design (SLD) methods. The quality of the thin layers of coated tablets is much related to the formulation in the coating process. This research aims to formulate and optimize the coating composition of HPMC, PEG-400, and dip time. Consequently, the TSLT meets the standard requirements. The core tablets were made by using the wet granulation method with the formulation of turmeric extract, erosol, lactose, gelatin, and aquades. Before the core tablets had been produced, the eligibility of granules was initially evaluated based on the standard requirements. Subsequently, the core tablets that meet the standard requirements were printed and replicated. The coating processes on core tablets were performed by dipping into the coating solution in the various duration of dipping times: 5, 30, and 60 seconds. The coating solution consists of HPMC, PEG-400, glycerine, sunset yellow, and distillate water. Then, produced TSLTs were evaluated based on the hardness, friability, and disintegration time. The best optimization process for the mixture of HPMC and PEG-400 indicates a more positive value of R (R = 0.2024).
FORMULASI TABLET EKSTRAK KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L) SEBAGAI KANDIDAT ANTI DEMENSIA Adi Permadi; Sapto Yuliani; Iis Wahyuningsih; Ibdal Satar
Media Farmasi XXX Vol 17, No 1 (2021): Media Farmasi
Publisher : Jurusan Farmasi Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar, Kementerian Kesehatan RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/mf.v17i1.2057

Abstract

Turmeric Extract Tablet Formulation (Curcuma Longa L) As An Anti-Dementia CandidateTurmeric (Curcuma longa L) is an herbal plant commonly used as a cooking spice to provide a savory taste and an attractive color. Moreover, it is also used in the field of medicine due to its curcumin bioactive compounds which are useful as anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotectors for dementia. Therefore, this research aims to formulate turmeric extract tablets that meets physical test standards using the wet granulation method. The extract tablet formulation was made into three formulas, namely F1, F2 and F3, where the composition of aerosol, lactose, gelatin and distilled water of the three formulas was designed based on the results of the parameters in sequence. The printed tablets were then tested using a disintegration, dual friability and hardness tester to determine the disintegration time, brittleness, hardness, as well as uniformity of weight and size. The F3 formulation with the composition of turmeric extract (15 g), aerosol (35 g), lactose (12.8 g), gelatin (0.5 g), magnesium stearate (1%) and aquadest (200 ml) fulfilled the standard physical tablet requirements. Furthermore, the results of repeated tablets (three times) obtained values namely weight (0.616 ± 0.355 mg), diameter (1.334 ± 0.280 cm), thickness (0.518 ± 0.039), friability (0.065 ± 0.074%), hardness (4.635 ± 0.234 kg)) and time destroyed (9,918 ± 4,386). Therefore, based on the results, the F3 turmeric extract tablet formulation shows the quality which meets the tablet physical test standards.Keywords  : Curcumin, Dementia, Turmeric Extract Tablets, Wet GranulationKunyit (Curcuma longa L) merupakan tanaman herbal yang sering digunakan sebagai bumbu masak yang dapat memberikan rasa gurih dan warna yang menarik. Selain itu, kunyit juga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam bidang obat-obatan karena ia mengandung senyawa bioaktiv kurkumin yang bermanfaat sebagai anti oksidan, anti peradangan dan neuroprotektor untuk demensia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan tablet ekstrak kunyit yang memenuhi standar uji fisik dengan menggunakan metode granulasi basah. Formulasi tablet ekstrak kunyit dibuat ke dalam tiga formula yaitu F1, F2 dan F3, dimana komposisi aerosol, laktosa, gelatin dan aquades dari ketiga formula tersebut dirancang dengan mempertimbangkan hasil dari pengujian parameter tablet ekstrak kunyit secara urut. Tablet ekstrak kunyit yang telah dicetak kemudian diuji menggunakan alat disintegration tester, dual friability tester dan hardness tester untuk menentukan waktu hancur, kerapuhan, kekerasan, keseragaman bobot dan keseragaman ukuran. Tablet ekstrak kunyit pada formulasi F3 dengan komposisi ekstrak kunyit (15 g), aerosol (35 g), laktosa (12,8 g), gelatin (0.5 g), magnesium stearate (1%) dan aquadest (200 ml) memenuhi persyaratan uji fisik standar tablet. Hasil replikasi (tiga kali) dari tablet tersebut diperoleh nilai bobot (0,616 ± 0,355 mg), diameter (1,334 ± 0,280 cm), tebal (0,518 ± 0,039), kerapuhan (0,065 ± 0,074 %), kekerasan (4,635 ± 0,234 kg) dan waktu hancur (9,918 ± 4,386). Tablet ekstrak kunyit dengan Formulasi F3 ini menunjukkan kualitas yang memenuhi standar uji fisik tablet.Kata kunci: Kurkumin, Demensia, Tablet Ekstrak Kunyit, Granulasi Basah
Perbandingan Pretreatment Kimia dan Biologi pada Limbah Makanan untuk Produksi Biogas Lukhi Mulia Shitophyta; Adi Permadi; Novia Rahmawati; Nisya Slivani Sembiring
JTERA (Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa) Vol 6, No 2: December 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Sukabumi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31544/jtera.v6.i2.2021.297-302

Abstract

Biogas merupakan salah satu energi terbarukan yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk berbagai teknologi secara universal. Bahan baku biogas dapat menggunakan limbah makanan yang diproses dengan anaerobic digestion. Pretreatment dapat meningkatkan produksi biogas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pretreatment kimia asam dan biologi terhadap produksi biogas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pretreatment kimia asam menghasilkan yield biogas lebih tinggi dibandingkan pretreatment biologi. HCl 2% menghasilkan yield biogas tertinggi sebesar 58,2 mL/gVS. Pretreatment kimia asam berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi biogas (p < 0,05). EM-4 4% menghasilkan yield biogas tertingi sebesar 36,8 mL/gVS. Pretreatment biologi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi biogas (p > 0,05). Nilal pH berpengaruh terhadap produksi biogas. Konsentrasi HCl dan EM-4 tertinggi memiliki nilai pH awal dan pH akhir paling rendah.