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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim
E. Kusumastuti
Gedung D6 Lantai 2 FMIPA Unnes Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia 50229
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Mathematics

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PEMANFAATAN ABU VULKANIK GUNUNG MERAPI SEBAGAI GEOPOLIMER (SUATU POLIMER ANORGANIK ALUMINOSILIKAT) Kusumastuti, E.
Jurnal MIPA Vol 35, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Jurnal MIPA

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Abstract

Sintesis geopolimer telah dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan abu vulkanik Gunung Merapi. Geopolimer merupakan suatu polimer anorganik aluminosilikat dengan rantai Si-O-Al yang disintesis dari material yang kaya akan silika dan alumina dengan larutan pengaktif natrium hidroksida. Analisis kandungan kimia abu vulkanik Merapi menunjukkan bahwa material ini termasuk material pozzolan dengan kandungan silika dan alumina yang tinggi, yakni 45,7% berat SiO2; 14,00% berat Al2O3; 16,1% berat CaO; 18,2% berat Fe2O3 dan 3,86% berat K2O. Perbandingan mol SiO2/Al2O3 dalam abu vulkanik Merapi tergolong tinggi yakni 5,55. Abu vulkanik Merapi dapat disintesis menjadi geopolimer meskipun mempunyai rasio mol SiO2/Al2O3 yang tinggi dengan menggunakan larutan pengaktif NaOH 66,67% serta menambah waktu curing selama 3 hari pada suhu 70°C untuk membantu proses kondensasi (lepasnya molekul air) pada proses geopolimerisasinya. Geopolimerisasi abu vulkanik Merapi pada suhu kamar tidak dapat terjadi, ditandai dengan kekuatannya yang sangat rendah. Karakterisasi pada geopolimer berbahan dasar abu vulkanik menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan optimum dicapai pada komposisi dengan perbandingan abu vulkanik/Na silikat/NaOH/H2O sebesar 50/10/4/6 dengan kekuatan 61,16 MPa. Analisis kualitatif berupa fasa mineral dengan XRD dan ikatan kimia dengan FTIR menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk fasa amorf aluminosilikat geopolimer dengan ikatan Si–O–Si atau Si–O–Al. Synthesis of geopolymer has been done by using Merapi volcanic ash. Geopolymer is an aluminosilicate inorganic polymer with Si-O-Al chain that has been synthesized from silica-and alumina-rich materials by using activator solution natrium hydroxide. The analysis of Merapi volcanic ash content showed that it was a pozzolan material containing high-silica alumina, with 45,7% of SiO2; 14,00% of Al2O3; 16,1% of  CaO; 18,2% of Fe2O3 and 3,86% of K2O. Mol ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 was high, it is 5,55. Although it has high ratio of mol SiO2/Al2O3,  Merapi volcanic ash can be synthesized by using activator solution NaOH 66,67% by lengthening curing time in 3 days at 70°C to help condensation process (loss of water molecule) in its geopolymer process. Geopolymer of Merapi volcanic ash in the room temperature cannot occur because it has low strength. The characterization of geopolimer from Merapi volcanic ash showed that optimum compressive strength can be reached in the composition ratio of volcanic ash/Na silicate/ NaOH/H2O of 50/10/4/6 with strength 61,16 MPa. Qualitative analysis of mineral phase of XRD and chemical bond with FTIR showed that amorphous phase of aluminosilicate has been formed with Si–O–Si or Si–O–Al chain.
PEMANFAATAN ABU VULKANIK GUNUNG MERAPI SEBAGAI GEOPOLIMER (SUATU POLIMER ANORGANIK ALUMINOSILIKAT) Kusumastuti, E.
Indonesian Journal of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Vol 35, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

Sintesis geopolimer telah dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan abu vulkanik Gunung Merapi. Geopolimer merupakan suatu polimer anorganik aluminosilikat dengan rantai Si-O-Al yang disintesis dari material yang kaya akan silika dan alumina dengan larutan pengaktif natrium hidroksida. Analisis kandungan kimia abu vulkanik Merapi menunjukkan bahwa material ini termasuk material pozzolan dengan kandungan silika dan alumina yang tinggi, yakni 45,7% berat SiO2; 14,00% berat Al2O3; 16,1% berat CaO; 18,2% berat Fe2O3 dan 3,86% berat K2O. Perbandingan mol SiO2/Al2O3 dalam abu vulkanik Merapi tergolong tinggi yakni 5,55. Abu vulkanik Merapi dapat disintesis menjadi geopolimer meskipun mempunyai rasio mol SiO2/Al2O3 yang tinggi dengan menggunakan larutan pengaktif NaOH 66,67% serta menambah waktu curing selama 3 hari pada suhu 70°C untuk membantu proses kondensasi (lepasnya molekul air) pada proses geopolimerisasinya. Geopolimerisasi abu vulkanik Merapi pada suhu kamar tidak dapat terjadi, ditandai dengan kekuatannya yang sangat rendah. Karakterisasi pada geopolimer berbahan dasar abu vulkanik menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan optimum dicapai pada komposisi dengan perbandingan abu vulkanik/Na silikat/NaOH/H2O sebesar 50/10/4/6 dengan kekuatan 61,16 MPa. Analisis kualitatif berupa fasa mineral dengan XRD dan ikatan kimia dengan FTIR menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk fasa amorf aluminosilikat geopolimer dengan ikatan Si–O–Si atau Si–O–Al. Synthesis of geopolymer has been done by using Merapi volcanic ash. Geopolymer is an aluminosilicate inorganic polymer with Si-O-Al chain that has been synthesized from silica-and alumina-rich materials by using activator solution natrium hydroxide. The analysis of Merapi volcanic ash content showed that it was a pozzolan material containing high-silica alumina, with 45,7% of SiO2; 14,00% of Al2O3; 16,1% of  CaO; 18,2% of Fe2O3 and 3,86% of K2O. Mol ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 was high, it is 5,55. Although it has high ratio of mol SiO2/Al2O3,  Merapi volcanic ash can be synthesized by using activator solution NaOH 66,67% by lengthening curing time in 3 days at 70°C to help condensation process (loss of water molecule) in its geopolymer process. Geopolymer of Merapi volcanic ash in the room temperature cannot occur because it has low strength. The characterization of geopolimer from Merapi volcanic ash showed that optimum compressive strength can be reached in the composition ratio of volcanic ash/Na silicate/ NaOH/H2O of 50/10/4/6 with strength 61,16 MPa. Qualitative analysis of mineral phase of XRD and chemical bond with FTIR showed that amorphous phase of aluminosilicate has been formed with Si–O–Si or Si–O–Al chain.
POST-MINING LAND CHARACTERISTICS AND REHABILITATION TECHNIQUE IN BANGKA AND SINGKEP ISLANDS SITORUS, SANTUN R.P; KUSUMASTUTI, E.; BADRI, L. NURBAITI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 27 (2008): Juli 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n27.2008.%p

Abstract

Post-mining land has generally unfavourable characteristics for a growing media for crops. The objectives of the present study were: (1) to study natural changing of soil physical and chemical properties and natural vegetation of four different ages of tailing, (2) to study rehabilitation technique of post mining tailing for forest crops, and (3) to study effects of ameliorant on soil physical and chemical properties, and heavy metal content on four different ages of tailing. Analysis of tailing characteristics, in situ natural vegetation analysis and two sets of green house experiments had been done. The two greenhouse experiments comprise: (1) tailing from Sungai Liat Bangka with two factors, those are three level applications of organic matter and mineral soil with teak as an indicator plant and (2) tailing from Dabo Singkep with treatments: tailing + compost 9:1,tailing + animal manure 9:1 and tailing as control, CMA inoculant and forest trees akasia (Acacia auriculiformis), gamal (Gliricidia maculata), lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) and sengon or jeungjing (Paraserianthes falcataria). The result showed that: generally, tin mining reduce soil quality and number of natural vegetation. The soil characteristics and number of vegetation are generally increase (getting better) with time. The first greenhouse experiment showed that the best response of teak plant was under combination of organic mater and soil mineral whereas ameliorant proportion factor is not significantly different. The second greenhouse experiment showed that the treatments were significantly influencing canopy diameter, leaf number, root length and tree trunk circle, respectively. The best rehabillitation technique was combination of animal manure, mycorrhizal inoculants treatments and lamtoro (L. leucocephala). Soil characteristics and heavy metal contents were significantly influenced by ameliorant and tailing ages. Soil chemical properties were significantly influenced by tailing age, types and proportions of ameliorant. The Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Sn of soil were significantly influenced by tailing ages and the highest was on the six years tailing.
Co-Authors L. NURBAITI BADRI SANTUN R.P SITORUS