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Peranan Bakteri Asam Laktat Dalam Menghambat Listeria Monocytogenes Pada Bahan Pangan Kusumawati, Netty
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 1, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

Bakteri asam laktat telah digunakan secara luas sebagai pengawet hayati (biopreservatives) untuk menekan dan menghilangkan bakteri patogen dan pembusuk dalam bahan pangan. Kemampuan sebagai pengawet hayati tersebut dihasilkan oleh senyawa-senyawa yang diproduksi bakteri asam laktat yang bersifat antimikrobia terutama bakteriosin, asam-asam organik, dan hidrogen peroksida. Peranan bakteri asam laktat dan senyawa yang dihasilkan sebagai antimikrobia yang banyak diteliti, diantaranya adalah terhadap Listeria monocytogenes yang merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen yang sangat potensial menyebabkan keracunan pangan karena mampu tumbuh pada berbagai bahan pangan dan dapat bertahan pada penyimpanan beku. Aplikasi bakteri asam laktat dan senyawa yang dihasilkan untuk menghambat dan mematikan L. monocytogenes telah dilakukan pada berbagai pangan yaitu pada daging ternak dan unggas, sosis, ikan dan pangan asal laut, telur, susu, keju dan sayuran. Penerapan bakteri asam laktat dan senyawa yang dihasilkan sebagai antimikrobia diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemanan pangan.

Pengaruh Perbedaan Jumlah Santan dan Lama Penyimpanan Beku Terhadap Viabilitas Lactobacillus acidophilus dalam Es Krim Nabati Probiotik Widyastuti Effendi, Srianta, Netty Kusumawati,
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 6, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

Ice cream is one of dairy-based frozen desserts which has a huge potency to be developed into a probiotic product. Cells viability is the main concern in formulation and processing of probiotic ice cream. Freezing and frozen storage are critical for cell viability. Recently, considerable interest has been shown in non-dairy ice cream which is suitable for vegetarians and people who are lactose intolerant. Usually, the non-dairy ice cream uses soymilk combined with coconut milk to increase fat and total solid. The objective of this research is to study the effect of coconut milk level (50 g/500 g and 160 g/500 g) and frozen storage time(0;7;14;21;and 28 days) on viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus in non-dairy probiotic ice cream. The coconut milk level of 50 g/500 g produced the non-dairy ice cream with total fat of 3.78% (mellofreeze), total solid of 25.37% and overrun of 8.26%, while its level of 50 g/500 g produced non-dairy ice cream with total fat of 9.52% (mellorine), total solid of 34.53% and overrun of 42.84%. The differences of coconut milk level and frozen storage times significantly affected the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus. The coconut milk levesl of 50 g/500 g and 160 g/500 g produced ice cream with the cell viability of 10.22 log cfu/ml and 11.12 log cfu/ml, respectively. The Lactobacillus acidophilus viability decreased significantly after 7 days, but not for further storages. At the end of storage (28 days), the viable cells were 8 to 9 log cfu/ml, which complied with the probiotic prerequisite.

Pengaruh Penggantian Sirup Glukosa dengan Sirup Sorbitol dan Penggantian Butter dengan Salatrim Terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Kembang Gula Karamel Netty Kusumawati, Thomas Indarto Putut Suseno, Nita Fibria,
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 7, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

Caramel soft candy is one of noncrysytalline candy, with soft and chewy texture. Sorbitol as known low calories sweetener agent with 2/3 Calorie content of sucrose. Salatrim is a one of fat replacer with lipid base was classified as triglyceride. The advantages of the salatrim usage is 5 Calories/gram compared with 9 Calories/gram on ordinary lipid together give physical characteristic with conventional lipid. This objective of this is to find out about the effect of the changing glucose syrup with sorbitol syrup and butter with salatrim toward chemical physics and organoleptic of caramel soft candy to know the usage of both to produce most favorable caramel soft candy. This study were doing with making caramel soft candy with replacement variation of glucose syrup with sorbitol syrup (20%:80%; 10%:90%; and 0%:100%) and replacement variation of butter with salatrim (10%:90 and 0%:100%). The study design are using Factorial Group Randomly Design and Factorial Complete Randomly Design with 6 treatment combination, each 4 replications. Based on statistic evaluation, there are interaction effect between replacement glucose syrup with sorbitol syrup and replacement butter with salatrim toward hardness, tensile strength and panelist preference to colour and texture caramel soft candy, but not effecting in water content, reducing sugar content, lightness, redness, yellowness and panelist preference to taste of caramel soft candy. Replacement glucoce syrup with sorbitol syrup would effecting in water content, reducing sugar content, lightness, redness and yellowness caramel soft candy. The taste preference effected by each of treatment but not effected by interaction of both treatment. The best product based on weighing technique was caramel soft candy with replacement glucose syrup with sorbitol syrup 100% and replacement butter with salatrim 100% (A3B2) that consists of 8,87% water content, 10,79 gram/ 100gram material, 487,25 Newton hardness, 10,13 Newton tensile strength, 41,48 lightness, 13,25 redness and 26,40 yellowness.The colour preference score was 5,04, texture was 5,07 and taste was 4,97 which classified on netral to likely enough.

Pengaruh Penambahan Kalsium Karbonat Sebagai Fortifikan Kalsium Terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Permen Jeli Susu Netty Kusumawati, Sherly Novita Lesmana, Thomas Indarto Putut S.,
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 7, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

Jelly candy is a candy consist of sucrose, glucose, acid and gel performing material with a texture and certain elasticity. Calcium fortification will become added value on the product. Calcium needed on the bone performing and to prevent the osteoporosis. Protein and vitamin D contain from milk in milk jelly candy will increace the absorption of calcium on the body. The calcium carbonate adding will affect on jelly candy pH. pH will affect on the jelly performing which it can affect texture. Calcium can bound with protein perform calcium bridge which is strenghten texture. Unsolved of calcium will produce â€œchalky mouthfeelâ€, gritty in the mount and opaque appearance. This study will examine the effect of the difference of the adding calcium carbonate toward physic, chemical and sensory characteristic on the milk jelly candy and can be accepted by consumers. Milk jelly candy contain calcium which it made from gelatin mix, sucrose, glucose syrup, water, full cream powder milk and calcium carbonate. This study had done by the making of the milk jelly candy with variation on the adding of calcium carbonate. The study design were used is Group Randomized Design with single factor contain one factor: 4 level of calcium carbonate concentration (0,77%; 1,53%;2,30%;3,06%) with 6 replication. The examination including physical characteristic (texture, color), chemical characteristic (water content, pH, calcium content) and organoleptics (texture, taste, mouthfeel, colour). Organoleptics test using Completely Randomized Design contain 4 level of calcium carbonate concentration (0,77%; 1,53%;2,30%;3,06%) with 80 panelis. The obtained data came from the observation results then had been analyzed statistically by NOVA test Î±=5%. If the ANOVA shows the difference, then would be continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test. The best optional with weighing test. The parameter have been choose for the weighing test is organoleptics (texture, taste, mouthfeel, color). The result shows that different level of calcium carbonate gave significant differences of moisture content, pH, elasticity, compresibility, brightness, hedonic range of colour, taste, texture milk jelly candy, but did not gave significant differences of hedonic range of mouthfeel. The higher level of calcium carbonate, decreased moisture content of milk jelly candy, while pH, elsticity, compresibility, brightness were increase. The best fortification level of milk jelly candy was 3,06%, which gave hedonic score (organoleptics) of colour 5,77; taste 5,20; texture 5,20; mouthfeel 5,18; moisture content 15,85%, pH 7,80, compresibility 270,58 N/20mm, elasticity 4,92 N/50mm, brightness 59,15, calsium level 1,22%.

PENGARUH JENIS GULA DAN PENAMBAHAN SARI NANAS-WORTEL TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA, VIABILITAS BAKTERI YOGURT, SERTA ORGANOLEPTIK YOGURT NON FAT Wijaya, Caroline; Kusumawati, Netty; Nugerahani, Ira
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 11, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

Yogurt is a dairy products through fermentation lactic acid bacteria (LAB) by Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus dan Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus. Isomalt has a lower caloric value can be used in yogurt. Addition of pineapple-carrot juice can also be done as a natural coloring gents, aroma and flavor enhancer in yogurt. The experimental design was a nested Randomized Block Design (RBD) with type of sugar (as the nest) consist of sucrose and isomalt, and pineapple-carrot juice addition (as the nested part) consist of 3 levels of 20%, 25%, and 30% with 4 replications for each treatment. The parameters observed were pH, acidity, syneresis, total LAB and sensory (preferences of taste, color, and aroma). Data statistically analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Varians) at Î± = 5%. If there was a significant difference, then it was continued by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) test to determine which level of treatment that showed significant differences. Increased concentration of pineapple-carrot juice reduced pH, meanwhile acidity, syneresis, and viability of LAB were increased. The best yogurt in this research were yogurt with sucrose (30% pineapple carrot juice) with pH 4,442, acidity 34,48oSH, syneresis 1,87%, total of LAB 10,4491 log cfu/mL, consumer perception defined as neutral for color, rather liked for taste and aroma, and yogurt with isomalt (25% pineapple carrot juice) with pH 4,468, acidity 34,75oSH, syneresis 2,31%, total of LAB 10,2410 log cfu/mL, consumer perception defined as rather liked for color, neutral for aroma, and rather not liked for taste.

PENGARUH PROPORSI SUKROSA DAN ISOMALT TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK SOFT CANDY SUSU KEDELAI Sutedjo, Vonny Indra; Kusumawati, Netty; Widyawati, Paini Sri
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 14, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

Soft candy is a kind of cotton candy which has a chewy and soft texture that has approximately 6-8% of water content. In this study, soy milk soft candies were made with isomalt as the replacement of sucrose that affected the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of soy milk soft candies. The design of the study was RGD (Randomized Block Design) single factor, namely the proportion of sucrose and isomalt. The proportion of sucrose and isomalt consisted of six level which are 75:25, 60:40, 45:55, 30:70, 15:85, and 0:100%(b/b)) with four replications. The parameters affected physicochemical properties (moisture content, reducing sugar levels, and texture) and the organoleptic properties preferences for taste, texture, and ease bitten). From the weighting test, it was found that the best treaement was P4 (sucrose : isomalt =30:70% (b/b)) with score of 7,52% for water content, 8,2322% of reducing sugar, hardness of 573,038 g.sec, adhesiveness of -74,644 g.sec, 4,7 for preference of taste (rather like), 4,9875 (rather like) for stickiness, and 4,2625 for chewiness (neutral).

PEMBUATAN YOGHURT MURBEI HITAM (MORUS NIGRA L.): PROPORSI SARI BUAH DAN SUSU SAPI TERHADAP KOMPONEN BIOAKTIF DAN VIABILITAS BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT SELAMA PENYIMPANAN Oeitanto, Andy; Nugerahani, Ira; Kusumawati, Netty
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 12, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

Yoghurt is made from milk processing through fermentation by Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. Adding black mulberryâ€™s juice can improve yoghurtâ€™s functional characteristic through anthocyanin. Bioactive compounds was known unstable on storage and reportedly capable both to inhibit pathogen bacteriaâ€™s and stimulate LABâ€™s growth. The aim of this research is observe the effects of different proportion of fresh juice and cowâ€™s milk, storage time and the interaction both of them on bioactive compounds and viability of LAB. This research used factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors, proportion of fresh juice with fresh cowâ€™s milk 5:95 (M1), 10:90 (M2), 15:85 (M3) % (v/v) and storage time 3 (L1), 10 (L2), 20 (L3) days with three replications. The parameters observed were total phenol, total flavonoid, anthocyanin content, total of LAB and pH as complement data. Data statistically analyzed by ANOVA test (Analysis of Variance) at Î± = 5% and continued with DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) at Î± = 5%. Used different proportion of fruit juice and storage time had significant effect on bioactive compounds and viability of LAB but there is no interaction both of them. The higher level proportion of fresh juice made amount of bioactive compounds increased and viability of LAB decreased. Increased storage time made bioactive compounds and viability of LAB decreased. The amount of bioactive compounds on black mulberry yoghurt after 20 days storage ranged from 49,20-99,14 Âµg GAE/g yoghurt, 101,91- 146,27 Âµg CE/g yoghurt, and 7,96-23,89 Âµg cya-3-glu/g yoghurt with ALT value ranged from 9,4804-9,5997 log cfu/mL and pH 3,877-3,961.

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI NATRIUM ALGINAT SEBAGAI PENJERAT SEL Lactobacillus acidophilus FNCC 0051 DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL YANG TERLEPAS DAN KARAKTER CARRIER Ratnasari, Nike; Kusumawati, Netty; Kuswardhani, Indah
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 13, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

The aim of this study is to know the effect of sodium alginate concentration in Lactobacillus acidophilus FNCC 0051 entrapment, refrigeration storage (Â±5oC) period and interaction of both factors on the number of released cells and carrierâ€™s character (UHT milk). The experimental design used was factorial RBD (Randomized Block Design) design with two factors, sodium alginate concentration (1%, 1,5%, 2%) and storage period (0,10, 20 days). The parameters observed are the number of released cells (Total Plate Count / TPC), pH and total lactic acid of the carrier (UHT milk). The obtained data are statistically analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) at Î±=5% and continued with Duncanâ€™s Real Difference Distance test (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) to determine which level of the treatment that gives a significant differences. Sodium alginate concentration and storage period had significant effect on the number of released cells and carrierâ€™s character (pH and total lactic acid of UHT milk) and there is interaction between both factors. The lower level of sodium alginate concentration increased the number of released cells, decreased pH value and increased total lactic acid. During 20 days storage, the amount of released cells and acidity of carrier increased than 0 and 10 days. Interaction between both factors which give the less number of released cells (3,7948 log cfu/ml) and carrierâ€™s character changes (pH = 6,4767 and total lactic acid= 0,0741 %) is combination of 2% sodium alginate concentration in 0 days storage.

POLA PRODUKSI PIGMEN MONASCUS OLEH MONASCUS SP. KJR 2 PADA MEDIA BIJI DURIAN VARIETAS PETRUK MELALUI FERMENTASI PADAT Puspitadewi, Stephanie Rosarie Dina; Srianta, Ignatius; Kusumawati, Netty
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 15, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

Angkak (red yeast rice) is rice fermented by Monascus sp. Monascus sp. KJR 2 is an isolate from red yeast rice in Kertajaya area. Based on previous study, it is known that KJR 2 is a potential isolate to produce pigments. Petruk durian is kind of tropical fruit that developed in Indonesia. Chemical composition of Petruk durian seeds are 33.68% of starch, 4.13% of protein, 1.00% of fat, 1.62% of minerals, and 84.06% of moisture in dry basis. A sorted Petruk durian seeds were boiled in Ca(OH)2, washed, and peeled-off the skin. Durian seeds were cut into cubes (Â±1 cm3), sterilized, and inoculated with Monascus sp. KJR 2 starter culture. It was incubated for 16 days with sampling on 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16 th days and was analyzed for the ethanol-soluble pigments, water-soluble pigments, and Total Mould. This study was conducted with four (4) replications and regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between fermentation time and Monascus sp. KJR 2 pigments production. Growth of Monascus sp. KJR 2 increased up to 4th day (6,4592 log cfu/g), stationary phase occurred at 6th day (6,3532 log cfu/g) up to 12thday (6,7213 log cfu/g), and death phase begin at 14thday (6,5944 log cfu/g). Production of ethanol-soluble red and yellow pigments increased up to 10thday (1,032 AU/g and 0,866 AU/g), whereas production of orange pigments up to 12thday (0,573 AU/g). Production of water-soluble yellow, orange, and red pigments increased up to 14 th day with yields at 6,458 AU/g, 3,781 AU/g, and 3,265 AU/g.

PEMBUATAN YOGHURT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus L.): PROPORSI SARI BUAH DAN SUSU UHT TERHADAP VIABILITAS BAKTERI DAN KEASAMAN YOGHURT Teguh, Ryanbakti Pranata Kusuma; Nugerahani, Ira; Kusumawati, Netty
Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi Vol 14, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University

Red dragon fruit in yoghurt may incrase fermentation rate. This reasearch was to determine the influence of the proportion of red dragon fruit juice and UHT milk on viability of bacteria and yoghurt acidity. The experimental design used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with single factors, proportion of fresh juice and UHT milk 0:100 (M0), 5:95 (M1), 10:90 (M2), 15:85 (M3) 20:80 (M4) 25:75 (M5). The analyzed parameters were viability of bacteria, pH, and acidity of yoghurt. Obtained data statistically analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Varians) at Î± = 5%. If there was a significant difference, then it continued by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) test to determine which level of proportion that gives significant differences. The difference in the proportion of red dragon fruit juice and UHT milk was significantly effect to the viability of bacteria, pH and total acid of yoghurt. The higher proportion of red dragon fruit juice increased viability of bacteria and total acid while pH decreased. Based on research, lactic acid bacteria ranged between 9,4624-10,9345 log cfu/m, pH ranged between 4,367-4,806; and total acid ranged between 24,33-48,33 oSH.

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