Awaluddin Saragih*
Universitas Sumatera Utara

Published : 3 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 3 Documents
Search
Journal : Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology

Formulasi Gel Dari Ekstrak Rimpang Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Ester Natalia Panjaitan; Awaluddin Saragih*; Djendakita Purba
Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (206.229 KB)

Abstract

Background: Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a tribe of Zingiberaceae plants that have been used as medicine from generations to generations because they have the highest volatile compound (essential oil) and non-volatile compound (oleoresin) when compared with other types of ginger. Red ginger rhizome is commonly used as a cure for colds, indigestion, lowering cholesterol level, as an analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and others. Objective: To formulate red ginger rhizome extract in a gel dosage form and to determine the best formula based on the quality of the physical and organoleptic assessment test. Results: The results of the characteristic examination of the dried red ginger rhizome were 7.96% of water content, 21.78% water-soluble extract content, 10.43% ethanol-soluble extract content, 3.42% total ash content, and 1.32% acid insoluble ash content. The result of the stability preparation showed no change in consistency, color, and smell except for the 8% gel preparation that had changing in consistency, which was phase separation during storage. The resulted gel preparations were homogeneous and has a pH range from 5.3 to 6.0. The gel preparation viscosity decreased during storage. In irritation test, 6 and 8% gel preparations could caused redness and itchy on the skin.Methods: The examination stages were the characteristic of the dried red ginger rhizome, extraction by percolation using 96% ethanol, then the extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator and dried with a freeze dryer to obtain the viscous extract, basic gel preparation using hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) with the concentrations of the red ginger extract 2, 4, 6, and 8%, the determination of the physical quality of the preparation for 12 weeks at room temperature included checking the stability and homogenity, the determination of pH, viscosity, and skin irritation test of 12 volunteers, as well as organoleptic assessment test using hedonic method with 20 volunteers based on the smell, the sensation in the skin, and the color of the preparation parameters. Conclusion: The extract of red ginger rhizome can be formulated in HPMC-based gel and the best formula based on physical and organoleptic assessment test is the formula with 4% of red ginger rhizome extract. Key words: gel, red ginger, Zingiber officinale ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Jahe merah (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) merupakan tumbuhan suku Zingiberaceae yang sudah digunakan sebagai obat secara turun-temurun sejak dulu karena mempunyai komponen volatile(minyak atsiri) dan non volatile (oleoresin) paling tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan jenis jahe yang lain. Rimpang jahe merah biasa digunakan sebagai obat masuk angin, gangguan pencernaan, menurunkan kadar kolesterol, sebagai analgesik, antipiretik, antiinflamasi, dan lain-lain.Tujuan: Memformulasi ekstrak rimpang jahe merah dalam sediaan gel dan menentukan formula sediaan yang paling baik berdasarkan mutu fisik dan uji penilaian organoleptik sediaan.Metode Penelitian: Tahapan penelitian ini adalah pemeriksaan karakteristik simplisia, pembuatan ekstraksecara perkolasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, kemudian dipekatkan menggunakan rotary evaporator dan dikeringkan denganfreeze dryersehingga diperoleh ekstrak kental, pembuatan sediaan gel berbasishydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) dengan konsentrasi ekstrak rimpang jahe merah 2, 4, 6, dan 8%, penentuan mutu fisik sediaan selama 12 minggu pada suhu kamar meliputi pemeriksaan stabilitas dan homogenitas, penentuan pH, viskositas, dan uji iritasi terhadap kulit 12 sukarelawan, serta uji penilaian organoleptik sediaan dengan metode Hedonik menggunakan 20 sukarelawan berdasarkan parameter aroma, sensasi di kulit, dan warna sediaan.Hasil: Hasil pemeriksaan karakteristik simplisia diperoleh kadar air 7,96%, kadar sari larut air 21,78%, kadar sari larut etanol 10,43%, kadar abu total 3,42%, dan kadar abu tidak larut asam 1,32%. Hasil pemeriksaan stabilitas sediaan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada terjadi perubahan konsistensi, warna, dan aroma kecuali pada sediaan gel 8% yang mengalami perubahan konsistensi, yaitu pemisahan fase selama penyimpanan. Sediaan gel yang dihasilkan homogen dan mempunyai range pH 5,3-6,0. Sediaan gel mengalami penurunan viskositas selama penyimpanan. Pada uji iritasi, sediaan gel 6% dan 8% dapat menyebabkan kulit kemerahan dan gatal-gatal.Kesimpulan: Ekstrak rimpang jahe merah dapat diformulasi dalam sediaan gel berbasis HPMC danformula sediaan yang paling baik berdasarkan mutu fisik dan uji penilaian organoleptik sediaan adalah formula sediaan gel dengan ekstrak rimpang jahe merah 4%. Kata kunci: gel, jahe merah, Zingiber officinale*Korespondensi penulis: ibs2342@gmail.com
Efek Hipourikemia Ekstrak Daun Sidaguri (Sida Rhombifolia L) Pada Mencit Jantan Yettrie B.C. Simarmata; Awaluddin Saragih*; Saiful Bahri
Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (204.284 KB)

Abstract

Background: Sidaguri plants traditionally used as urolithiasis or for treating kidney stones. Generally, kidney stones are calcium oxalate stones, but can also come from a mixture of uric acid and calcium oxalate. Objective: To know the characteristics of sidaguri’s leaves and to determine the effects of sidaguri’s leaves to decrease of uric acid. Method: The examination uric acid in blood effect was carried out by using uric acid tester (Nesco) used potassium oxonate as uric acid induser to mice. Three dossages which tested were 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW. All drugs and extracts were administered orally and the observation time in 60 minutes during 5 hours. Allopurinol at dossage of 10 mg/kg BW as positive control and carboxy methyl cellulose at dossage 1% bw as negative control. The results were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANAVA) followed by  Post Hoc Duncan method.Conclusion: All dose of EEDS suspension (50 mg / kg, 100 mg / kg, and 200 mg / kg body weight) could lower uric acid with the best dose is 50 mg/ kg BW.Results: The result of examination showed that all dossages of sidaguri leaves extract decreased of uric acid in blood. Administration of ethanol extract sidaguri dose 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW showed that extract did not give a significant differences with administrarion of allopurinol dose 10 mg/kg BW (p > 0,05) and give a significant differences with administration suspense cmc dose 1% BB (p<0,05). Keywords: sidaguri leaf, uric acid level, sidaguri leaf etanol extract. ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Tumbuhan sidaguri secara tradisional digunakan sebagai urolithiasis atau untuk mengobati penyakit batu ginjal. Umumnya batu ginjal adalah batu kalsium oksalat, tetapi dapat juga berasal dari suatu campuran asam urat dan kalsium oksalat. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui karakteristik daun sidaguri dan efek ekstrak etanol daun sidaguri dalam menurunkan asam urat. Metodologi: Pengujian efek ekstrak etanol daun sidaguri (EEDS) terhadap kadar asam urat dalam darah dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan alat pengukur kadar asam urat Nesco® dan menggunakan potassium oxonate sebagai penginduksi asam urat pada mencit. Dosis ekstrak etanol daun sidaguri yang diujikan yaitu 50 mg/kg BB, 100 mg/kg BB, dan 200 mg/kg BB yang diberikan secara oral dan pengamatan selang waktu 60 menit selama 5 jam. Sebagai kontrol positif digunakan allopurinol dosis 10 mg/kg BB dan CMC dosis 1% BB sebagai kontrol negatif. Data hasil pengujian dianalisis dengan metode analisis variansi (ANAVA),  kemudian dilanjutkan dengan Post Hoc Duncan. Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketiga dosis ekstrak etanol daun sidaguri memberikan efek penurunan kadar asam urat. Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun sidaguri dosis 50 mg/kg BB, 100 mg/kg BB, 200 mg/kg BB memberikan hasil yang tidak berbeda signifikan dengan pemberian allopurinol dosis 10 mg/kg BB (p > 0,05) dan memberikan perbedaan yang signifikan dengan suspensi CMC dosis 1%BB (p < 0,05) . Kesimpulan: Semua ekstrak etanol daun sidaguri dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat dalam darah dengan dosis terbaik 50 mg/kg BB. Kata kunci: daun sidaguri, kadar asam urat, ekstrak etanol daun sidaguri. *Korespondensi penulis: ibs2342@gmail.com 
Observasi Klinis Seduhan Serbuk Kulit Batang Kayu Susu (Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.) Sebagai Antimalaria Di Manokwari Ratna Sri Rezki; Awaluddin Saragih*; Saiful Bahri
Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Vol 1, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (185.388 KB)

Abstract

Background: Manokwari of West Papua is a malarial endemic area. The high incidence of malarial is caused by mosquito resistance to insecticides and parasite resistance to existing drug regimes. Milky wood plant (Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.) is trusted and used by local communities for  treat  malarial. Cortex of this plant is often used by people as a malarial remedy by boiling in water and the boiled water is drunk. The  clinical observation is scientific proving of people that used traditional medicine by observations and data collection on the subject of the study (patients) according to the state of nature that use traditional medicine.Objectives: This study was aimed to characterize Milky wood cortex and to study the benefits of steeping  of  the cortex plant powder as antimalarial that can be used in public health services. Method:The research used clinical observations method without control to malarial patients that used steeping  powder Milky wood cortex in the General Hospital of Manokwari of West Papua. Data processing was performed used  malarial parasite density calculations microscopic on a semi quantitative data. Result: The results of Milky wood cortex characterization were 7.94% water content, 3.73% total ash, 0.35% acid insoluble ash, 25.27% the levels of pollen soluble in water,  10.62% soluble in ethanol extract. the steeping of powder Milky wood cortex gave antimalarial activity that could be seen from the results  examination of thick/thin blood preparation microscopically, all of research subject  at days 7 to 14 gave negative results for malarial parasites and clinical symptoms such as fever, headache, muscle aches, diarrhea decreased. Conclusion: Characterization of Milky wood cortex qualify to Herbal Pharmacopoeia Indonesia book, so it can be used in research. Clinical observations of malarial patient, the steeping of powder Milky wood cortex useful as antimalarial. Keywords: Milky wood cortex, Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.; antimalarial; Manokwari  ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat, merupakan daerah endemik malaria, yang dapat disebabkan adanya resistensi   nyamuk terhadap insektisida dan resistensi parasit terhadap obat malaria yang ada. Pohon kayu Susu (Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.) dipercayai dan digunakan masyarakat setempat untuk pengobatan malaria. Kulit batangnya sering digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai obat malaria dengan meminum rebusan kulit batangnya. Observasi  klinis merupakan pembuktian secara ilmiah manfaat obat tradisional dengan melakukan pengamatan dan pendataan pada subjek penelitian (pasien). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi kulit batang tumbuhan pohon kayu Susu dan manfaat seduhan serbuk kulit batangnya sebagai antimalaria sehingga dapat dipergunakan dalam upaya pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi klinis tanpa kontrol pada pasien malaria yang diobati dengan seduhan serbuk kulit batang pohon kayu Susu yang dilakukan  di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Manokwari Papua Barat. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan perhitungan kepadatan parasit malaria secara mikroskopik semi kuantitatif. Hasil: Hasil karakterisasi simplisia diperoleh kadar air 7,94%, kadar abu total 3,73%, kadar abu tidak larut asam 0,35%, kadar sari larut dalam air 25,27%, kadar sari larut dalam etanol 10,62%. Seduhan serbuk kulit batang kayu Susu  memberikan manfaat sebagai antimalaria yang dapat dilihat dari hasil pemeriksaan sediaan darah tebal/tipis secara mikroskopik. Seluruh subjek penelitian  di hari ke 7 sampai 14  memberikan hasil negatif terhadap jumlah parasit malaria dan gejala klinis berupa demam, sakit kepala, nyeri otot, diare, berkurang. Kesimpulan: Karakteristik simplisia memenuhi syarat  Farmakope Herbal Indonesia sehingga dapat  digunakan dalam penelitian dan berdasarkan observasi klinis terhadap penderita malaria, seduhan serbuk kulit batang kayu Susu bermanfaat sebagai antimalaria. Kata kunci: kayu susu, Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.;  antimalaria; Manokwari*Korespondensi penulis: ibs2342@gmail.com