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Rokhmadi Rokhmadi
Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
Religion Education Public Health Social Sciences

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HUKUMAN PEMBUNUHAN DALAM HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM DI ERA MODERN Rokhmadi Rokhmadi
At-Taqaddum Volume 8, Nomor 2, November 2016
Publisher : Quality Assurance Institute (LPM) State Islamic University Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/at.v8i2.1169

Abstract

Murder in the Islamic criminal law including jarimah qishas-diyat, namely jarimah punishable by qishas (punishment commensurate/proportional) or punishment diyat (fines/restitution), the specified limits his sentence, but is categorized as a right adami (human/individual), in which the victim or his family can forgive the perpetrators, so that the penalty (qishas-diyat) can remove altogether, because in qishas no entitlements for victims' families to act as "institutions forgiving", they can ask for their right to forgive or not forgive the criminal act. According to scholars' Salaf that the policy of punishment given is based on the viewpoint of the habit of Arab society that never applies to the Muslim community early, namely regarding who is authorized to determine the wisdom qishas or of diyat is heavily influenced by the practice habits of Arab society in the 7th century M, both about social status, as well as the local culture, the sunnah and the practice run early Muslims who provide input or benchmarks in detail the principles prinsp Islamic criminal law (jinayat), so that in determining the sentence still is discrimination, whether social status, gender and religion. Therefore, in the modern era according to scholars' khalaf that sentencing for murder should be equated between the murder of men with women, killing of Muslims by non-Muslims, the murder of a father with his son, should remain punishable qishas and diyat amount laki- men with diyat amount for women should be equal, so that the position of human beings are equal before the law (there is no discrimination; social status, gender and religion.
HUKUMAN RAJAM BAGI PELAKU ZINA MUHSHAN DALAM HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM Rokhmadi Rokhmadi
At-Taqaddum Volume 7, Nomor 2, November 2015
Publisher : Quality Assurance Institute (LPM) State Islamic University Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/at.v7i2.1209

Abstract

Hukuman rajam adalah hukuman mati dengan cara dilempari batu atau sejenisnya sampai mati. Keberadaan hukuman rajam dalam ketentuan hukum pidana Islam ini merupakan hukuman yang telah diterima oleh hampir semua fuqaha, kecuali kelompok Azariqah dari golongan Khawarij. Menurut mereka hukuman untuk  jarimah zina, baik muhshan maupun ghairu muhshan adalah hukuman jilid seratus kali berdasarkan firman Allah dalam QS. al-Nur: 2, sehingga mereka tidak menerapkan hukuman rajam bagi pelaku zina muhshan. Sedangkan fuqaha’ yang menyepakati hukuman rajam bagi pelaku zina muhshan berpendapat bahwa hadits shahih yang berkenaan dengan hukuman rajam dapat mentakhsis QS. al-Nur: 2 tersebut di atas.Hasil penelitian ini adalah jika dilihat dari setting historis, maka penetapan hukuman rajam bagi pelaku zina muhshan itu didasarkan kepada hadits Nabi, baik secara qauliyah maupun fi’liyah. Akan tetapi, ada kesulitan dalam membedakan antara status teks sunnah mengenai apakah teks sunnah tersebut menjelaskan wahyu atau tidak. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa hukuman rajam dalam hukum pidana Islam itu bukan berasal dari syari’at Islam itu sendiri semata-mata, tetapi yang pasti bahwa hukuman rajam adalah berdasarkan nash atau ajaran agama sebelumnya, yaitu nash dalam Kitab Taurat. Hal ini dapat dilacak dari dasar normatif yaitu hadits-hadits Nabi yang mengacu kepada penerapan hukuman rajam bagi pelaku zina muhshan. Setidaknya Rasulullah saw., telah empat kali melaksanakan atau minimal memberitahukan pelaksanaan hukuman rajam bagi pelaku zina muhshan.
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