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All Journal AL KAUNIYAH Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Perspektif, Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal Agro Estate
Priyo Adi Nugroho
Indonesian Rubber Research Institute
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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PENGOLAHAN TANAH DALAM PENYIAPAN LAHAN UNTUK TANAMAN KARET Soil Tillage in Land Clearing for Rubber Plantation Priyo Adi Nugroho
Perspektif Vol 17, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v17n2.2018.129-138

Abstract

ABSTRAKUsaha agribisnis karet masih menjadi pilihan bagi banyak perusahaan perkebunan di Indonesia. Sebagai bagian dari kegiatan penyiapan lahan, pengolahan tanah menjadi salah satu kultur teknis yang cukup penting. Pengolahan tanah secara mekanis dengan tahapan Ripping, ploughing dan harrowing sudah sejak dulu dilaksanakan di banyak perkebunan besar di wilayah Sumatera. Harga komoditas karet yang cukup berfluktuatif dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, mengakibatkan banyak perusahaan tidak melakukan pengolahan tanah ketika melakukan tanaman ulang (replanting). Pengolahan tanah memiliki manfaat yang sangat besar dalam mendukung budidaya tanaman karet. Bulk density tanah yang diolah akan menurun sehingga tanah menjadi gembur dan memudahkan penetrasi akar tanaman karet, aerasi tanah menjadi lebih baik karena peningkatan nilai porositas. Selain proses pengerjaannya yang lebih cepat, pengolahan tanah secara mekanis dapat mempersingkat periode belum menghasilkan dan cukup efektif dalam memusnahkan sumber inokulan penyakit jamur akar putih (JAP). Pengolahan tanah yang terlalu berat berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif diantaranya laju dekomposisi bahan organik meningkat dan dalam jangka panjang tanah akan mengalami  penurunan kandungan bahan organik. Dekomposisi bahan organik akan melepaskan gas CO2 yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Larangan pembakaran dan biaya penyiapan lahan yang cukup besar telah menyebabkan beberapa perkebunan terutama Hutan Tanaman Industri memilih penyiapan lahan dengan tanpa olah tanah (TOT) atau zero tillage. Karena tidak terusik maka struktur tanah di areal TOT tidak mengalami kerusakan. Namun tingginya potensi gangguan hama dan penyakit terutama rayap dan JAP merupakan permasalahan serius yang harus segera diantisipasi. Upaya peningkatan keberhasilan penerapan TOT harus dilakukan secara komprehensif mulai dari pra penanaman maupun pasca penanaman karet di lapangan.  ABSTRACTRubber agribusiness is still reliable by many plantation companies in Indonesia. As a part of land preparation, tillage is very important and becoming a standard procedure on rubber cultivation. Tillage by machinery through ripping, plowing and harrowing has been established since many years ago in commercial rubber plantation in Sumatra. The rubber price that fluctuates in the last five years has led to many companies skip the tillage when do replanting. Tillage in rubber cultivation has enormous benefits. The Bulk density of soil after tillage will decrease and soil becoming loose, therefore the penetration of rubber’s root will be easier. In addition to effective in time, tillage by machinery is also effective enough for terminating the white root disease inoculum. However tillage by machinery takes the negative impact as well. Tillage will accelerate the organic matter decomposition and in the long term it will decline soil organic matter. Decomposition will release CO2 gas which is harmful to the environment. The prohibition of burning on land preparation process and the highly cost of land preparation has caused the planters, especially in Industrial Plantation Forest (HTI) introduce zero tillage (TOT). Because it was not disturbed, the soil structure in the TOT system will be better. Otherwise the high potential of pest and disease disorders, i.e. termites and white root disease becoming the serious problem. The efforts to increase the success of TOT implementation have to be carried out comprehensively both in pre-planting and post-planting.
PENGARUH PUPUK MAJEMUK TABLET TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LILIT BATANG DAN HARA DAUN TANAMAN KARET Priyo Adi Nugroho; Yan Riska Venata Sembiring
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 13, No 1 (2020): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (298.632 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v13i1.12768

Abstract

AbstrakHarga karet alam dunia yang volatil saat ini telah menyebabkan munculnya inovasi dalam pemupukan tanaman karet diantaranya penggunaan pupuk majemuk tablet. Percobaan pemupukan telah dilakukan pada TBM karet umur 3 tahun yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk majemuk tablet terhadap pertumbuhan lilit batang dan kandungan hara daun. Terdapat tiga perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, (A) pupuk majemuk briket (500 g/pohon/tahun) sebagai kontrol, (B) pupuk majemuk tablet (200 g/pohon/tahun) atau setara dengan 40% kontrol, dan (C) pupuk majemuk tablet (300 g/pohon/tahun) atau setara dengan 60% kontrol. Formulasi pupuk majemuk yang digunakan adalah 18–1014–2+1TE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyerapan hara N dan K pada perlakuan A lebih cepat yang direfleksikan melalui hara daun A yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan B dan C. Walaupun hara daun N dan K pada perlakuan A relatif lebih tinggi, tetapi penambahan lilit batang terbesar terdapat pada perlakuan C kemudian A dan B, yaitu 7,52 cm; 7,23 cm; dan 6,99 cm (P = 0,23). Tidak ditemukan korelasi yang kuat antara penambahan ukuran lilit batang dengan kandungan hara daun (P = 0,66) tetapi terdapat korelasi positif yang cukup kuat (r = 0,64; P = 0,025) antara penambahan ukuran lilit batang dengan curah hujan.Abstract The world’s natural rubber price that is volatile has led to the innovation in rubber trees fertilization by using tablet fertilizer. The study of fertilization was conducted in an immature rubber tree 3 years planted (TBM 3) to find out the responses of fertilization in rubber girth and leaf nutrient content. Three treatments were established viz. (A) briquette fertilizer 500 g/tree/year as control, (B) tablet fertilizer 200 g/tree/year equivalent to 40% of control, (C) tablet fertilizer 300 g/tree/year equivalent to 60% of control. The formula of briquette and tablet was identic (18–10–14–2+1TE).  The results show that nitrogen and potassium uptake in treatment briquette fertilizer 500 g/tree/year (A) was faster, it was reflected through leaf nutrient content that was higher than B and C. Even though the contents of N and K in rubber leaf in A was relatively higher however the highest girth increment occurred in C then A and B, i.e. 7.52 cm; 7.23 cm; and 6.99 cm respectively. No strong correlation between girth size increment and nutrient leaf status in this study (P = 0.66). However a moderately strong correlation (r = 0.64; P = 0.025) appeared between girth size increment and monthly precipitation.
PENGOLAHAN TANAH DALAM PENYIAPAN LAHAN UNTUK TANAMAN KARET Soil Tillage in Land Clearing for Rubber Plantation Priyo Adi Nugroho
Perspektif Vol 17, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v17n2.2018.129-138

Abstract

ABSTRAKUsaha agribisnis karet masih menjadi pilihan bagi banyak perusahaan perkebunan di Indonesia. Sebagai bagian dari kegiatan penyiapan lahan, pengolahan tanah menjadi salah satu kultur teknis yang cukup penting. Pengolahan tanah secara mekanis dengan tahapan Ripping, ploughing dan harrowing sudah sejak dulu dilaksanakan di banyak perkebunan besar di wilayah Sumatera. Harga komoditas karet yang cukup berfluktuatif dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, mengakibatkan banyak perusahaan tidak melakukan pengolahan tanah ketika melakukan tanaman ulang (replanting). Pengolahan tanah memiliki manfaat yang sangat besar dalam mendukung budidaya tanaman karet. Bulk density tanah yang diolah akan menurun sehingga tanah menjadi gembur dan memudahkan penetrasi akar tanaman karet, aerasi tanah menjadi lebih baik karena peningkatan nilai porositas. Selain proses pengerjaannya yang lebih cepat, pengolahan tanah secara mekanis dapat mempersingkat periode belum menghasilkan dan cukup efektif dalam memusnahkan sumber inokulan penyakit jamur akar putih (JAP). Pengolahan tanah yang terlalu berat berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif diantaranya laju dekomposisi bahan organik meningkat dan dalam jangka panjang tanah akan mengalami  penurunan kandungan bahan organik. Dekomposisi bahan organik akan melepaskan gas CO2 yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Larangan pembakaran dan biaya penyiapan lahan yang cukup besar telah menyebabkan beberapa perkebunan terutama Hutan Tanaman Industri memilih penyiapan lahan dengan tanpa olah tanah (TOT) atau zero tillage. Karena tidak terusik maka struktur tanah di areal TOT tidak mengalami kerusakan. Namun tingginya potensi gangguan hama dan penyakit terutama rayap dan JAP merupakan permasalahan serius yang harus segera diantisipasi. Upaya peningkatan keberhasilan penerapan TOT harus dilakukan secara komprehensif mulai dari pra penanaman maupun pasca penanaman karet di lapangan.  ABSTRACTRubber agribusiness is still reliable by many plantation companies in Indonesia. As a part of land preparation, tillage is very important and becoming a standard procedure on rubber cultivation. Tillage by machinery through ripping, plowing and harrowing has been established since many years ago in commercial rubber plantation in Sumatra. The rubber price that fluctuates in the last five years has led to many companies skip the tillage when do replanting. Tillage in rubber cultivation has enormous benefits. The Bulk density of soil after tillage will decrease and soil becoming loose, therefore the penetration of rubber’s root will be easier. In addition to effective in time, tillage by machinery is also effective enough for terminating the white root disease inoculum. However tillage by machinery takes the negative impact as well. Tillage will accelerate the organic matter decomposition and in the long term it will decline soil organic matter. Decomposition will release CO2 gas which is harmful to the environment. The prohibition of burning on land preparation process and the highly cost of land preparation has caused the planters, especially in Industrial Plantation Forest (HTI) introduce zero tillage (TOT). Because it was not disturbed, the soil structure in the TOT system will be better. Otherwise the high potential of pest and disease disorders, i.e. termites and white root disease becoming the serious problem. The efforts to increase the success of TOT implementation have to be carried out comprehensively both in pre-planting and post-planting.
KAJIAN HARA DAUN TANAMAN KARET : PERUBAHAN KEBIJAKAN PEMUPUKAN SLOW RELEASE KE FAST RELEASE Priyo Adi Nugroho
Jurnal Agro Estate Vol 4 No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (476.88 KB) | DOI: 10.47199/jae.v4i1.114

Abstract

The policy change in application of fertilizer type is the common matter in the plantation company. A leaf nutrient content study of immature rubber trees that applied slow release (SRF) and fast release (FRF) fertilizer has been conducted in Sungei Putih Research Centre. The method of this study followed a descriptive-analysis method by comparing the content of N, P, K and Mg on the leaf of immature rubber trees under application of SRF and FRF. The results indicated that N leaf content with SRF application significantly higher (P<0.01) than FRF consecutive 3.15% and 2.93%. The similar circumstance also occurred in P leaf content i.e. 0.25% and 0.19% respectively. Conversely, K and Mg content in SRF application was significantly lower than FRF (P<0.01). K and Mg content was 0.94% and 0.27% in SRF meanwhile in FRF, K and Mg content was 1.2% and 0.33%. The nutrient status of N and P in SRF application was better compared to in FRF. On the other hand the similar condition did not appear in nutrient status of K and Mg. The status of K in SRF application was not better other than FRF application. In the meantime there was no different of Mg status between SRF and FRF application.
Co-Authors Yan Riska Venata Sembiring