Tuntas Dhanardhono
Staff Of Forensic Departement, Faculty Of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang,Indonesia

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MACROSCOPICS AND MICROSCOPICS FEATURE OF WITAR RATS LIVER AFTER IMMERSION IN GRADUAL CONCENTRATION OF RANDU HONEY Putri Ariani Kusuma; Tuntas Dhanardhono; Saebani Saebani; Ratna Damma Purnawati; Hermawan Istiadi
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) Vol 10, No 4 (2021): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v10i4.30045

Abstract

Background Formaldeyde is main substance used for organ embalming and even for foods preservations. However, long and high exposure of formaldeyhde lead to various organs irritations. Honey is well-known for its natural preservative activity expected to be the soultion for the problem so there is safe alternative for organ preservations.Aim Observation and examintaion the difference of macroscopic and microscopics feature of Wistar rats liver after immersion of formaldehyde and randu honey.Methods Experimental with post-test only control group design using 24 male Wistar rats as sample, randomly divided into 4 groups consist of: Group C (preserved with 10% formaldehyde solutions), P1 (preserved with 10% randu honey solutions), P2 (preserved with 20% randu honey solutions) and P3 (preserved with 30% randu honey solutions). The sampels were preserved for 24 hours then macroscopic (smell,color and size) and microscopic study with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) stain  using 400x observation performed. Manja Roenigk score were used to accessed the degree of live microsopic damage.Results There are normal cells, mild damage, moderate damage and severe damage respectively in the group C: 36%,47%,17%,0% ; P1: 0%,27%,46%,27% ; P2: 0%,77%,17%,6% ; P3: 47%,33%,17%,3%. Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant results with p=0.000. With Mann-Whitney test, significant results were found between group C with P1 (0.000), C with P2 (0.006), P1 with P2 (0.000), P1 with P3 (0.000) and P2 with P3 (0.003). However, test result were not significant berween group C with P3 (0.684).Conclusions There were differences in macroscopics and microscopic features between Wistar rats liver after immersion in formaldehyde and randu honey. The best features showed in samples preserved in 30% Randu Honey solutions.
Influential Factors in The Law Enforcement Process of Sexual Violence Cases in Children in The City of Semarang Liya Suwarni; Tuntas Dhanardhono; Bianti Hastuti Machroes
SOEPRA Vol 6, No 2: Desember 2020
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/shk.v6i2.2912

Abstract

Abstract:Background. Cases of sexual violence increase every year, victims ranging from adolescents, children to toddlers. Based on data from the Indonesian Child Protection Commission, abuse and violence against children in Indonesia in 2013 were 23 cases, in 2014 there were 53 cases, in 2015 there were 133 cases, 2017 reached 1,337 cases, and as of July 2018 there were 424 cases.Purpose. Knowing the factors that influence the law enforcement process of sexy violence cases in Semarang City.Method This study uses descriptive analytical methods for cases of violence against children, based on medical record data in hospitals, documents in Mapolrestabes, the District Attorney's Office and the Semarang City Court for the period of January 2015 to December 2018.Results. Based on research results obtained 213 experimental cases section from medical record data in hospitals in the city of Semarang. Most cases of child abuse occurred in 2018 with 72 cases. Most victims are 12-14 years old age group, female. Most types of cases are cases of intercourse. The majority of violations are persons known as victims, perpetrators not working, and most of the places of occurrence are in the defendant's house. At the time of prosecution and trial, the number of cases was significantly reduced to only 8 cases. Factors related to this include lack of evidence, difficulty in obtaining information from victims, convoluted statements of coverage, lack of election, and obtaining diversion rates.Conclusion Cases of sexual violence have increased from year to year. The process of law enforcement on this problem still has many difficulties in each manufacturing process which is still difficult to overcome.Keywords; sexual violence, children, law enforcement, Semarang City. AbstrakLatar belakang. Kasus kekerasan seksual mengalami peningkatan setiap tahun, korbannya mulai dari kalangan dewasa, remaja, anak-anak hingga balita. Berdasarkan data Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia, pelecehan dan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 sebanyak 23 kasus, 2014 sebanyak 53 kasus, 2015 sebanyak 133 kasus, 2017 telah mencapai 1.337 kasus, dan hingga bulan Juli 2018 terdapat 424 kasus.Tujuan. Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses penegakkan hukum kasus kekerasan seksual di Kota Semarang.Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik terhadap kasus kekerasan seksual pada anak, berdasarkan data rekam medis di Rumah Sakit, dokumen di Mapolrestabes, Kejaksaan Negeri, dan Pengadilan Kota Semarang periode Januari 2015 hingga Desember 2018.Hasil. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan 213 kasus kekerasan seksual dari data rekam medis di Rumah Sakit di Kota Semarang. Kasus kekerasan seksual pada anak terbanyak terjadi pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 72 kasus. Korban terbanyak adalah kelompok usia 12-14 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan. Jenis kasus terbanyak adalah kasus senggama. Mayoritas pelaku merupakan orang yang dikenal oleh korban, pelaku tidak bekerja, dan tempat kejadian terbanyak adalah di rumah terdakwa. Pada tahap penuntutan dan persidangan, jumlah kasus tersebut berkurang secara signifikan menjadi 8 kasus saja. Faktor-faktor yang terkait menyebabkan hal tersebut antara lain kurangnya alat bukti, sulitnya mendapatkan keterangan dari korban, keterangan pelaku yang berbelit-belit, tidak adanya saksi, dan tingginya angka diversi.Simpulan. Kasus kekerasan seksual meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Proses penegakkan hukum terhadap kasus ini masih memiliki banyak kendala pada tiap tahap yng masih sulit diatasi.Kata kunci: kekerasan seksual, anak, penegakkan hukum, Kota Semarang.