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All Journal BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Andalasian International Journal of Entomology Open Access DRIVERset
Nur Ain Izzati Mohd Zainudin
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

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DIVERSITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH FRUITS AND LEAVES OF TAMARIND (Tamarindusindica L.) BASED O N ITS RIBOSOMAL DNA SEQUENCES Nur Ain Izzati Mohd Zainudin; Nurul Asyiqin Mohd Zaini; Nurul Huwaidah Md Nizam; Dayang Fatin Zafira Awg Zainal Abidin; Nor Izanis Azni Mohd Nazri
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 3 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 3 December 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2021.28.3.1339

Abstract

Plant-associated microbes are among the important natural resources that abundantly exist in natural environment such as endophytic fungi. The studies on endophytic fungi in medicinal plants have allowed the discovery of numerous fungi species and their hidden potentials. Therefore, this study focused on the isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from several plant parts of tamarind such as leaves and fruits. A total of 69 fungal cultures were successfully isolated and identified into 33 distinct species from 14 genera based on morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis using a Maximum Likelihood method. There were six different species obtained from the genus Colletotrichum (C. aenigma, C. brevisporum, C. cobbittiense, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides and C. siamense), and Diaporthe (D. arecae, D. ceratozamiae, D. phaseolorum, D. pseudomangiferae, D. pseudooculi  and D. pseudophoenicicola), four species of Aspergillus (A. aculeatus, A. carbonarius, A. flavus and A. tubingensis), three species of Curvularia (C. aeria , C. geniculata and C. lunata) and Nigrospora (N. lacticolonia, N. oryzae and N. sphaerica), two species of Lasiodiplodia (L. pseudotheobromae and L. theobromae) and Penicillium (P. rolfsii and P. verruculosum). Other fungal species that were also identified are Botryosphaeria mamane, Fusarium solani, Perenniporia tephropora, Phyllosticta fallopiae, Sarcostroma bisetulatum, Trichoderma asperellum and Xylaria feejeensis. The isolates were grouped into different clades according to their class. In conclusion, endophytic fungi isolated from tamarind plant are diverse and provides an insight into species diversity of endophytic fungi in tamarind.
Length-Based Morphometric Study of the Morphologically Resembling Butterfly Species Within the Genus Graphium (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Noor Azrizal-Wahid; Nurinatasya Mohd Noor; Noorhidayah Mamat; Nur Ain Izzati Mohd Zainudin
Andalasian International Journal of Entomology Vol. 1 No. 01 (2023)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LPPM) Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aijent.1.01.7-14.2023

Abstract

The genus Graphium within the family Papilionidae comprises several species that exhibit morphological resemblance. Due to this criterion, their identification and discrimination through morphology is notably challenging. Therefore, in this study, we employed a length-based morphometric approach to reveal the ability of the characters to discriminate the five Graphium species that demonstrates the morphological resemblance; Graphium sarpedon, Graphium bathycles, Graphium doson, Graphium eurypylus, and Graphium evemon. The morphometric measurement of the total of 50 specimens was carried out by using seven characters measured from the wing and body regions. Multivariate statistical analyses such as Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) were utilized to assess the discriminatory ability of the morphometric data. While comparing between species, all morphometric characters were significantly different (p < 0.05). The results of DFA showed that two out of seven characters utilized have the lowest values of Partial’s Wilks Lambda; body length (1.165), and forewing length (1.183), therefore are suggested as the two most significant characters for the discrimination of the Graphium species. There are great overlapping patterns between the five species when plotting a scatter plot graph except for G. bathycles that formed nearly distinct group. In Cluster Analysis, G. sarpedon tends to be closer to G. evemon by having the lowest value of agglomeration (0.061). Our findings underscore the potential of length-based morphometric analysis as a supporting quantitative tool for resolving taxonomic ambiguities and enhancing species identification particularly within complex genera such as Graphium.
Length-Based Morphometric Study of the Morphologically Resembling Butterfly Species Within the Genus Graphium (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Noor Azrizal-Wahid; Nurinatasya Mohd Noor; Noorhidayah Mamat; Nur Ain Izzati Mohd Zainudin
Andalasian International Journal of Entomology Vol. 1 No. 01 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aijent.1.01.8-15.2023

Abstract

The genus Graphium within the family Papilionidae comprises several species that exhibit morphological resemblance. Due to this criterion, their identification and discrimination through morphology is notably challenging. Therefore, in this study, we employed a length-based morphometric approach to reveal the ability of the characters to discriminate the five Graphium species that demonstrates the morphological resemblance; Graphium sarpedon, Graphium bathycles, Graphium doson, Graphium eurypylus, and Graphium evemon. The morphometric measurement of the total of 50 specimens was carried out by using seven characters measured from the wing and body regions. Multivariate statistical analyses such as Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) were utilized to assess the discriminatory ability of the morphometric data. While comparing between species, all morphometric characters were significantly different (p < 0.05). The results of DFA showed that two out of seven characters utilized have the lowest values of Partial’s Wilks Lambda; body length (1.165), and forewing length (1.183), therefore are suggested as the two most significant characters for the discrimination of the Graphium species. There are great overlapping patterns between the five species when plotting a scatter plot graph except for G. bathycles that formed nearly distinct group. In Cluster Analysis, G. sarpedon tends to be closer to G. evemon by having the lowest value of agglomeration (0.061). Our findings underscore the potential of length-based morphometric analysis as a supporting quantitative tool for resolving taxonomic ambiguities and enhancing species identification particularly within complex genera such as Graphium.
Co-Authors Dayang Fatin Zafira Awg Zainal Abidin Noor Azrizal-Wahid Noorhidayah Mamat Nor Izanis Azni Mohd Nazri Nurinatasya Mohd Noor Nurul Asyiqin Mohd Zaini Nurul Huwaidah Md Nizam