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Evaluasi Bahan Pakan Hasil Samping Industri Pertanian Berdasarkan Parameter Fermentabilitas Ruminal secara In Vitro Susilo, Eko; Nuswantara, Limbang Kustiawan; Pangestu, Eko
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis Vol 6, No 2 (2019): JITRO, Mei
Publisher : Universitas Halu Oleo

ABSTRAK Bahan pakan dari hasil samping industri pertanian sangat potensial untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ruminansia, namun nilai nutriennya belum banyak dikaji. Penelitianbertujuan mengevaluasi bahan pakan hasil samping industri pertanian terhadap fermentabilitas ruminal secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas janggel jagung, kulit kopi, onggok, bungkil kedelai, bungkil kelapa sawit, bungkil kelapa dan ampas tahu. Cairan rumen berasal dari kambing PE berfistula dengan pakan standar protein kasar 12% dan TDN 62%. Parameter yang diukur adalah konsentrasi asetat, propionat, butirat, konsentrasi metan, amonia dan adenosine trifosfat. Data dianalisis ANOVA dan dilanjutkan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil analisis menunjukan perlakuan bahan pakan hasil samping industri pertanian berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap konsentrasi asetat, propionat, butirat, konsentrasi metan,konsentrasi amonia dan adenosine trifosfat. Kesimpulannya, kulit kopi menghasilkan konsentrasi asetat, propionat, butirat dan adenosin trifosfattertinggi. Namun, kulit kopi juga menghasilkan konsentrasi metan tertinggi.Konsentrasi amonia tertinggi diperoleh pada janggel jagung, bungkil kelapa sawit dan bungkil kedelai.Kata Kunci : fermentabilitas, hasil samping industri pertanian, in vitroABSTRACTAgricultural industries by-product have potential to be used as ruminant feed. However, the nutritional values of agricultural by-product are still yet to be discovered. This study was conducted to evaluate in vitro ruminal fermentability of agricultural industries by-product-based feed.Completely randomized design was used in the study with 7 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments used in thi study were Corncob (T1), coffee husk (T2), cassava waste (T3), soybean meal (T4), palm kernel meal (T5), coconut meal (T6) and soybean curd waste (T7). Fistulated Etawah crossbreed goat was used for rumen fluid donor. Concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, methane, ammonia and adenosine triphosphate were tested in this study. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and further analyzed by Duncan test. The results showed that agricultural industries by-product had significant difference (P<0.05) on concentration of acetate, propionate, butyrate, methane, ammonia and adenosine triphosphate. Therefore, it can be concluded that coffee husk had highest concentration of acetate, propionate, butyrate and adenosine triphosphate, but also had the highest methane concentration among all the by-product. The highest ammonia concentration was observed on corncob and palm kernel meal.Keywords: by-product agriculture, fermentability, in vitro

DEGRADABILITAS BAHAN KERING, BAHAN ORGANIK DAN NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER LIMBAH INDUSTRI PERTANIAN DAN PERKEBUNAN SECARA IN SACCO Sani, Febriana Fauziyah; Nuswantara, Limbang Kustiawan; Subrata, Agung
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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Utilization of waste of agricultural and plantation industry as an alternative feed source of fiber had a positive effect in supporting the development of animal husbandry. The objective of this research is to examine degradability of feed materials is seen from the soluble fraction of feed (a), potential degradable fraction of feed (b), the rate of degradation of b fraction (c value) and the degradation theory (DT) using method in sacco. Feeding materials which had been evaluated are peanut leather, coffee leather, oil cake, bagase and elephant grass. Experimental design used in this research is Completely Randomized design with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The results degradability of dry matter, organic matter and NDF showed significant effect (p<0,05) fraction a, b, c value and DT between the feed material. Feed materials of degradability affected by contents of nutrien and quality of fiber components. The waste of agricultural and plantation industry have degradability which lower than elephant grass.Key words: degradability, dry matter, organic matter, NDF, industrial waste.ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan limbah industri pertanian dan perkebunan sebagai pakan alternatif sumber serat memberikan pengaruh positif dalam menunjang perkembangan peternakan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji degradabilitas bahan pakan yang dilihat dari fraksi pakan mudah larut (a), fraksi pakan potensial terdegradasi (b), laju degradasi fraksi b nilai (c) dan degradasi teori (DT) secara in sacco. Bahan pakan yang diujikan yaitu kulit kacang tanah, kulit buah kopi, bungkil sawit, bagase dan rumput gajah. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian degradabilitas BK, BO dan NDF menunjukkan pengaruh nyata (p<0,05) pada fraksi a, b, nilai c dan DT antar bahan pakan. Kandungan nutrien dan kualitas komponen serat berpengaruh terhadap degradabilitas. Limbah industri pertanian dan perkebunan mempunyai degradabilitas lebih rendah dari rumput gajah.Kata kunci : Degradabilitas, bahan kering, bahan organik, NDF, limbah industri.

KELARUTAN MINERAL Ca DAN Zn HASIL SAMPING AGROINDUSTRI PADA RUMEN KAMBING JAWARANDU SECARA IN SACCO Suhada, Amir Taat; Pangestu, Eko; Nuswantara, Limbang Kustiawan
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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This study aims to determine the solubility of minerals Ca and Zn from agroindustry byproducts in feed soluble minerals (a), the potentially degradation fraction of the feed mineral (b), the rate of mineral fraction b (c), and the in sacco availability of minerals (DT). The material used is 3 rumen fistulated goats Jawarandu aged 12-18 months. Feed by sugarcane shoot, bagasse, corncob, peanut skins and elephant grass. Experimental design used in this research is Completely Randomized design (CRD), the influence of feed between treatments followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level. The results of mineral solubility of Ca and Zn in fractions a, b, c and DT showed a significant effect (p <0.05) between the feed material. Solubility of Ca and Zn mineral feed is influenced by the distribution of Ca and Zn in cell contents and cell walls (NDF) and the characteristics of the fiber.Key words: Mineral Solubility, Calsium, Zinc, In Sacco.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelarutan mineral Ca dan Zn hasil samping agroindustri pada mineral pakan yang mudah larut (a), fraksi mineral pakan potensial terdegradasi (b), laju mineral dari fraksi b (c), dan ketersediaan mineral (DT) secara in sacco. Materi yang digunakan adalah 3 kambing jantan Jawarandu umur 12-18 bulan yang berfistula pada bagian rumennya. Bahan pakan yang diujikan yaitu pucuk tebu, bagase, janggel jagung, kulit kacang tanah dan rumput gajah. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), adanya pengaruh antar perlakuan pakan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian kelarutan mineral Ca dan Zn pada fraksi a, b, c dan DT menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata (p<0,05) antar bahan pakan. Kelarutan mineral Ca dan Zn bahan pakan penelitian dipengaruhi oleh distribusi mineral Ca dan Zn pada isi sel dan dinding sel (NDF) serta karakteristik serat.Kata kunci : Kelarutan Mineral, Kalsium, Zink, In Sacco.

DEGRADABILITAS BAHAN KERING, BAHAN ORGANIK DAN SERAT KASAR RANSUM DENGAN BERBAGAI LEVEL BAGASSE SECARA IN SACCO Noorsatiti, Mahaken Novis; Nuswantara, Limbang Kustiawan; Subrata, Agung
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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This research was conducted to determine in sacco degradability of dry matter, organic matter and crude fiber in ration with different levels of bagasse and determine the best level of bagasse in ruminant ration from degradability. The research is expected to give information about the best level of bagasse as a source of crude fiber in the complete feed views of degradability of dry matter, organic matter and crude fiber. Research conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Feed Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Agriculture Diponegoro University Semarang from October 2011 to February 2012.The research was conducted by using a three Jawa Randu Goat which fistulated on rumen as replication. The treatment are T1 = ration level of 25% bagasse, T2 = bagasse rations with 30% level, T3 = ration with the level of 35% bagasse and T4 = bagasse rations with 40% level. Ration degradability measured by using in Sacco method. The variables measured were percent loss of DM, OM and CF to calculate the fraction of a, b, c and degradation theory (DT) dry matter, organic matter and crude fiber. To calculate the degradation of feed at a time "t" (DT) used the exponential equation P = a + b (1 â€“ exp-ct). Fraction of the value of a, b, c and DT were then analyzed statistically based on completely randomized design (CRD) if there is a treatment effect, followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for difference between means.The analysis of variance showed that there was significant effect (P <0.05) between the fraction of easily degradable (a) DM, OM and CF, and degradation theory (DT) DM, OM and CF, therefore the potentially degradable fraction (b) DM, OM and CF, the degradation rate of potentially degradable fraction (c) DM, OM and CF showed no real difference.Keywords: degradability, dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber

DEGRADASI BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK DENGAN BERBAGAI LEVEL JERAMI PADI SECARA IN SACCO PADA KAMBING JAWARANDU Lestari, Tutik; Nuswantara, Limbang Kustiawan; surono, Surono
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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Usaha peningkatan produksi ruminansia perlu diimbangi dengan penyediaan pakan hijauan secara kontinyu baik dalam segi kuantitas maupun kualitas. Namun sering kali peningkatan usaha produksi dihadapkan oleh ketersediaan jumlah pakan terutama pada saat musim kemarau. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari pakan alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ternak tersebut salah satunya dengan pemanfaatan limbah pertanian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui degradasi nutrien ransum dengan berbagai level jerami padi dan menentukan imbangan terbaiknya sebagai pakan ternak. Data a, b, c dan DT yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis secara statistik berdasarkan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) adanya pengaruh antar perlakuan pakan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Ransum perlakuan disusun iso protein kasar (PK) dan total digestyble nutrients (TDN) dengan kandungan 12% PK dan 64% TDN. Perlakuan level jerami padi yang digunakan yaitu P1=25%, P2=30%, P3=35% dan P4=40%. Ransum standar (P0) untuk pakan sehari-hari (PK 12% dan TDN 60%) digunakan sebagai pembanding nilai a, b, c dan DT dari keempat perlakuan tanpa diujikan secara statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang nyata (P< 0,05) fraksi a, b dan DT degradasi bahan kering ransum perlakuan sedangkan pada nilai c tidak terdapat pengaruh nyata. Pada degradasi bahan organik menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) pada fraksi a, fraksi b, nilai c dan DT.Kata Kunci : jerami padi, ransum, degradasi, in sacco

PENGARUH PROTEKSI PROTEIN TEPUNG KEDELAI DENGAN TANIN DAUN BAKAU TERHADAP KONSENTRASI AMONIA, UNDEGRADED PROTEIN DAN PROTEIN TOTAL SECARA In Vitro Cahyani, Ratna Dwi; Nuswantara, Limbang Kustiawan; Subrata, Agung
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meghasilkan bahan pakan sumber protein terproteksi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ternak dilihat dari pengukuran amonia (NH3), Rumen Undegraded Dietary Protein (RUDP) dan Protein Total. Penelitian dilakukan secara in vitro dengan rancangan acak lengkap 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian adalah T0 (tepung kedelai tanpa tanin), T1 (tepung kedelai+tanin 0,25%), T2 (tepung kedelai+tanin 0,5%), T3 (tepung kedelai+tanin 0,75%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tepung kedelai yang diproteksi tanin daun bakau dengan level 0,25%, 0,5%, dan 0,75% dapat menurunkan konsentrasi amonia (NH3) dan meningkatkan Rumen Undegraded Dietary Protein (RUDP) serta produksi protein total (P<0,05). Rataan konsentrasi NH3, persentase RUDP dan produksi protein total pada T0, T1, T2, T3 berturut-turut adalah (7,78 mM, 15,93 %, 339,68 mg/g), (7,24 mM, 16,33%, 402,76 mg/g), (6,61 mM, 14,35%, 20,98 mg/g), (6,37 mM, 20,98%, 507,01 mg/g).Kata kunci : tepung kedelai, daun bakau, tanin, NH3, RUDP, protein total

The Utilization of Coconut Coir as Supplementary Feed for Beef Cattle Production Nuswantara, Limbang Kustiawan; Sunarso, Sunarso; Arifin, Mukh; Setiadi, Agus
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 37, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v37i1.55136

High feed price is a major problem in the production of beef cattle. Therefore, this study aims to determine coconut coir's technical and economic potential for beef cattle feed. This is an in vivo and in vitro study that involved 95 days trial period and 16 male Brahman crossbreed cattle weighing 134±12.1 kg. The coconut coir was fermented using buffalo rumen liquid and was termed fermented coconut coir (FCC). A randomized block design was used in this research, including four feed treatments, namely complete feed D1 using 15% FCC, D2 using 20% FCC, D3 using 25% FCC and D4 using 30% FCC. The parameters observed were technical performance (protein, dry and organic matter intake), ruminal fermentability, purine derivatives and economic performance. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test for posthoc multiple comparisons. The results showed that the intake of beef cattle feed D1, D2 and D3 was higher than D4. Furthermore, the digestibility of D1, D2 and D4 was higher than D3. The purine derivatives of D2 were the highest but not significantly different (P > 0.05) from D1 and D4. In addition, the ruminal fermentability was not significantly different (P > 0.05) among treatments. Moreover, the beef cattle feed on D2 had the best economic performance. The performance results showed that ruminal fermentability, purine derivatives and economic performance of D2 (20% FCC) gave the best results but were not statistically different (P > 0.05) from other variables. Conclusively, coconut coir can be used as beef cattle feed without causing health problems.

Konsentrasi Asam Lemak Terbang dan Glukosa Darah Domba Ekor Tipis yang Diberi Bungkil Kedelai Terproteksi Tanin (VOLATILE FATTY ACID CONCENTRATION AND BLOOD GLUCOSE ON THIN-TAILED SHEEP GIVEN WITH TANINE-PROTECTED SOYBEAN MEAL) Siti Nuraliah; Agung Purnomoadi; Limbang Kustiawan Nuswantara
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 16 No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

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This study aims to analyze the influence of tannin-protected protein source feed to livestock productivitybased on its influence on methane production, Volatile fatty acids (VFA) production, and blood glucose inthe use of tannin-protected protein on complete feed in thin-tailed ram. The study uses thin-tailed ramaged about 8 months, as many as 16 rams with body weight of 11.81±1.65 kg. The researchusesa completerandomized design(CRD) withfour treatmentsandfourreplications. The treatments areP0:15% soybeanmeals without tannin protection in complete feed, P1:15% soybean meals with 0.5% tannin protection incomplete feed, P2:15% soybean meals with 1% tannin protection in complete feed and P3:15% soybeanmeals with 1.5% tannin protection in complete feed. The results indicates that administration of tanninsin soybean meal in complete feed showed significant effect (P <0.05) on blood glucose, the production ofpropionic acid in the 3rd hour, but the VFA production at hour 0, hour 6, as well as methane productionshowed no significant effect (P> 0.05). The conclusion is that 15% protected soybean meal with 1% oftannin in the complete feed is able to contribute to the proportion of propionate and contribute to increasedblood glucose on a thin-tailed ram but can not to reduce methane production.

Perkiraan Pasokan Nitrogen Mikrob pada Domba Ekor Tipis yang Diberi Bungkil Kedelai Terproteksi Tanin (ESTIMATION OF MICROBIAL NITROGEN SUPPLY IN THIN-TAILED SHEEP FED WITH TANNIN PROTECTED SOYBEAN MEAL) Husnaeni .; Sunarso .; Limbang Kustiawan Nuswantara
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 16 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

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This research was aimed to study the effect of soybean meal protection mangrove leaf tannin onpurine derivative (PD) excretion, estimated microbial nitrogen (MN) supply, and estimated efficiency MNsuplay based on DOMR in thin-tailed sheep. A total of 16 thin-tailed sheep aged eight months withaverage body weight of 11.81±1.65 kg, and were randomly fed with complete feed with tannin-protectedsoybean meal in different levels. The research was conducted according to completely randomized designwith four treatments and four replications. T0 (soybean meal without tannin), T1 (protected soybean meal0.5% tannin), T2 (protected soybean meal 1% tannin), and T3 (protected soybean meal 1.5% tannin).Research finding indicated that organic matter consumption (OMC), organic matter digestibility (OMD),and digestible organic matter in rumen (DOMR) were not affected (P> 0.05) by the treatment, however thetreatment had significant effects (P<0.05) against PD, estimated MN supply, and estimatedMN supply based on DOMR. Purine derivative, estimated MN supply, and estimated MN supply basedDOMR markedly decreased in the treatment of soybean meal protection 1.5% tannins. It was concludedthat soybean meal protection with mangrove leaf tannins was not significant against OMC, OMD andDOMR thin-tailed sheep, but protected soybean meal with tannins 1.5% affected on decreasing purinederivative excretion, estimated MN supply and estimated MN supply based on DOMR.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Sabut Kelapa Terfermentasi dalam Ransum Sapi Potong terhadap Kecernaan Nutrien secara In-Vitro Andika Rahmat Septiyanto; Limbang Kustiawan Nuswantara; Eko Pangestu
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis Vol 9, No 1 (2022): JITRO, Januari 2022
Publisher : Universitas Halu Oleo

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek pemanfaatan sabut kelapa terfermentasi dalam ransum sapi terhadap kecernaan nutrien. Ransum yang digunakan merupakan pakan komplit yang disusun menggunaan sabut kelapa terfermentasi dengan level berbeda. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 kelompok cairan rumen yang berbeda. Ransum perlakuan berupa T1 = Pakan komplit (sabut kelapa fermentasi 15%), T2 = Pakan komplit (sabut kelapa fermentasi 20%), T3 = Pakan komplit (sabut kelapa fermentasi 25%), T4 = Pakan komplit (sabut kelapa fermentasi 30%). Parameter yang diukur meliputi kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO), kecernaan lemak kasar (KcLK) dan Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN). Data yang didapat diolah menggunakan analisis ragam dengan taraf 5% dan apabila menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan sabut kelapa terfementasi dalam ransum tidak berpengaruh pada KcBK, KcBO dan KcLK dengan nilai rataan berturut-turut 52,88; 52,62; 48,84% namun berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap nilai TDN yaitu pada T4 meningkat sebesar 57,28%. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan sabut kelapa terfermentasi dalam ransum dengan level berbeda tidak mempengaruhi nilai KcBK, KcBO dan KcLK namun pada level 30% mampu meningkatkan nilai TDN sebesar 57,28%.Kata Kunci: kecernaan, sabut kelapa, fermentasi, in vitroThe Effect of Use of Fermented Coconut Husk in Beef Cattle Ration On In Vitro Nutrient DigestibilityABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the effect of using fermented coconut husk in rations on nutrient digestibility. The ration used is a complete feed prepared using fermented coconut husks at different levels. The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with 4 treatments and 5 different groups of rumen fluid. Treatment rations in the form of T1 = complete feed (15% fermented coconut husk), T2 = complete feed (20% fermented coconut husk), T3 = complete feed (25% fermented coconut husk), T4 = complete feed (30% fermented coconut husk). The parameters measured included dry matter digestibility (KcBK), organic matter digestibility (KcBO), crude fat digestibility (KcLK) and Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN). The data obtained were analyzed based on analysis of variance with a level of 5%, and if the treatment had a significant effect, it was continued with the Duncan multiple range test. The results showed that the use of cementated coconut husk in the ration had no effect on KcBK, KcBO and KcLK with a mean value of 52,88 respectively; 52.,62; 48,84% but had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the TDN value, namely the increase in T4 was 57,28%. It was concluded that the use of fermented coconut coir in different levels of ration did not affect the value of KcBK, KcBO and KcLK but at the level of 30% it was able to increase the TDN value by 57,28%.Keywords: digestibility, coconut husk, fermentation, in vitro

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