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All Journal Indonesian Food Science and TechnologyJournal
Naksit Panyoyai
Department of Agro Industry Chiang Mai Rajabhat University Mae Rim Campus Chiang Mai 50330
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Effect of Partial Replacement of Soybean with Chickpea to the Nutritional and Textural Properties of Tofu Naksit Panyoyai; Manisorn Silsin; Jatuporn Khongdan; Vilia Darma Paramita
Indonesian Food Science & Technology Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021): Vol 4 No 2, July 2021
Publisher : Department of Technology of Agricultural product (THP) Jambi University

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Abstract— Tofu is an oriental food that originated from China and later became a traditional cuisine in many South East Asia Countries, e.g. Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand. The tofu was made by coagulating soy milk with salt to form curds, which further compress to form a solid block. Tofu usually uses soybeans as the main ingredients; however, in this experiment, the soybeans were partially replaced with chickpeas to increase the amount of dietary fibre and reduce fat levels in the final products. The tofu was made of soybean and chickpea at a ratio of 100:0 (control), 90:10, 80:20 and, 70:30. The products were evaluated based on their nutritional contents (crude protein, crude fat, and crude fibre), and textural properties using Texture Profile Analysis. Some analytical parameters, such as pH, moisture content, and colour were also studied. Partial replacement of soybean with chickpea decreased overall crude protein and fat content, whereas increased crude fibre. The presence of chickpea in the blends, up to 30% (w/w), had affected the tofu curd's protein stability, lowered their pH, and moisture content. A denser tofu curd was obtained by adding more chickpea to the product. The 70:30 blend has the highest hardness value compared to the other formulations. This low soy content mixture, however, can not produce a cohesive and springy tofu gel. The CIELAB colour space of the soybean/chickpea tofu cubes records a trend of increase in redness and yellowness values for tofu with chickpea.
Utilization of Papain Extracted from Chaya and Papaya Stalks as Halal Beef Tenderiser Aekkalak Phothiwicha; Kiatisak Thamsaad; Kanjapach Boontranurak; Panlop Sintuya; Naksit Panyoyai
Indonesian Food Science & Technology Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): Vol 5 No 1, December 2021
Publisher : Department of Technology of Agricultural product (THP) Jambi University

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Papain is a proteolytic enzyme extracted from plant latex. The protease has widely used in the meat industry and culinary work for a pre-tenderization step prior to further meat processing. The objective of this research was to evaluate the bioactivity of papain extracted from Chaya and papaya. The different levels of papain, casein substrate, temperature, and pH were set up in vitro conditions. Then, the fresh papain was used to digest raw beef and the beef was dried under solar process. The sun-dried beef was further analyzed of yield, moisture content, water activity, and tensile force. It was found that proteolytic activity from both plants was accelerated by a high level of papain or casein up to 2.0 (w/v). The best optimal proteolytic activity was recorded at 60oC and pH5. Later, the tenderized beef at pH6.5 was dried by a solar dryer, where an inside tunnel temperature was approximately 40oC, 40% relative humidity, and 187 Btu/ft2. hr solar radiation. The sun-dried beef had a 75% yield, a 32% moisture content, and 0.90 Aw. Despite the fact that the drying temperature and pH of beef were not optimal as given from the previous results, the tensile force and the work of tension of papain-treated beef both moist and dried states were lower than the non-treated beef.
Changes in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Quality of Gac Yoghurt Supplemented with Carbohydrate Sources during Chilled Storage Nirawan Kulsut; Palita Kapo; Supot Boonreang; Naksit Panyoyai
Indonesian Food Science and Technology Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): Vol 6 No 1, December, 2022
Publisher : Department of Technology of Agricultural product (THP) Jambi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/ifstj.v6i1.19132

Abstract

Gac yoghurt is formulated by mixing gac juice with cow milk and probiotics to form a thick yellow fluid. The research objective was to study the effect of carbohydrate sources (inulin, honey, sucrose, fruit syrup, and sucrose) on lactic acid bacteria remaining after the chilled storage for 28 days. The gac yoghurt was analyzed with physicochemical and sensory characteristics. The experimental design was a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with eight parameters (total soluble solids, pH, lactic acid content, syneresis, texture, colour, lactic acid bacteria survival, and sensory evaluation). The results showed that in the presence of honey, gac yoghurt had a higher lactic acid count than other treatments throughout 28 days of storage. The lactic acid growth was observed in the first two weeks, then it was almost constant in the third week and levelled off at the end of storage. The addition of carbohydrates resulted in a lower pH than a control. It increased total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and syneresis effect. Gac yoghurt with inulin enrichment kept for 28 days showed a firmer texture and lighter than the rest. However, sensory results showed that gac yoghurt with sucrose was the most preferred formulae based on the average Hedonic scores followed by the yoghurt fermented with honey, inulin, and fruit syrup, respectively.
Co-Authors Aekkalak Phothiwicha Jatuporn Khongdan Kanjapach Boontranurak Kiatisak Thamsaad Manisorn Silsin Nirawan Kulsut Palita Kapo Panlop Sintuya Supot Boonreang Vilia Darma Paramita