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RESPONSE TO SELECTION FOR BODY WEIGHT IN THE THIRD GENERATION OF MASS SELECTION OF THE AFRICAN CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus) AT RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR FISH BREEDING SUKAMANDI Bambang Iswanto; Imron Imron; Huria Marnis; Rommy Suprapto
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 11, No 1 (2016): (June 2016)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1787.817 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/iaj.11.1.2016.15-21

Abstract

Genetic improvement of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in Indonesia for increasing growth performance has been conducted by Research Institute for Fish Breeding at Sukamandi through mass selection. Collection and characterizations of the founder populations, building the synthetic base population, first generation and second generation through mass selection were conducted during 2010-2013. Later, in 2014 it was followed by building the third generation. The present study aimed to find out the genetic gain in the third generation in term of response to selection for body weight. Fifty-two pairs of the selected (fast growing) individuals from the second generation were mated to produce the third generation. As a comparison, five pairs of average-sized individuals were mated to produce the control population, as a second generation representative. Larval rearing, nursery and grow-out phases were respectively held for 25 days in the aquaria, 30 days in the concrete ponds and 60 days in the concrete ponds. At the end of each phase, individual samplings of body weight were undertaken. The results showed that mean body weight of the third generation was higher than that of control population at the end of larval rearing phase (0.21 ± 0.26 g versus 0.20 ± 0.15 g), nursery phase (6.12 ± 2.93 g versus 5.80 ± 3.50 g) and grow-out phase (198.67 ± 82.82 g versus 165.22 ± 71.09 g). Those results revealed that response to selection for body weight of the third generation was positive, i.e. about 20.24% (33.45 g).
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A RED STRAIN OF THE EGYPTIAN AFRICAN CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus BURCHELL 1822) Bambang Iswanto; Rommy Suprapto; Huria Marnis; Imron Imron
Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Vol 11, No 2 (2016): (December, 2016)
Publisher : Center for Fisheries Research, Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resource

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (495.823 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/iaj.11.2.2016.%p

Abstract

Characteristics of the Egyptian African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) strain introduced to Indonesia has not been extensively explored yet, especially the red strain. Previous studies suggested that at the same body length, body weight of the red strain was higher and it was more rotund than that of the normal (black) ones. These differences need to be further investigated to find out which parts of the body mainly contributed to shape the differences. The present study was carried out to explore morphological differences of the red strain of Egyptian African catfish compared to the black strain through morphometric and meristic characterizations. Meristic and morphometric characterizations in the present study were carried out following standard method for morphological characterization of Clarias catfish. The fish samples consisted of each 35 red and black table-sized fish samples resulted from inbred and outbred spawnings. Results of the morphometric and meristic analysis in the present study revealed that the red strain of Egyptian African catfish resulted from inbred spawning of red strain brooders was morphologically different from that of either parental fishes or the black strains. At the same body length, head of the red strain was bigger (wider and longer) than other strains, and its body was stumpy (more rotund and shorter than other strains), deviated from those normal characteristics of the Egyptian African catfish. Its meristic characters were also differed from those of other strains, assigned by reduced dorsal and anal fin rays number.
PERFORMA REPRODUKSI IKAN LELE MUTIARA (Clarias gariepinus) Bambang Iswanto; Rommy Suprapto; Huria Marnis; Imron Imron
Media Akuakultur Vol 11, No 1 (2016): (Juni 2016)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (240.083 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.11.1.2016.1-9

Abstract

Ikan lele Mutiara merupakan salah satu strain ikan lele Afrika (Clarias gariepinus) yang memiliki keunggulan performa pertumbuhan, efisiensi pakan, keseragaman ukuran, serta ketahanan terhadap penyakit dan lingkungan. Pengggunaan benih ikan lele Mutiara dalam kegiatan budidaya dapat menghasilkan produktivitas yang lebih tinggi, sehingga permintaan benihnya semakin meningkat. Jumlah dan kualitas benih yang dihasilkan ditentukan oleh karakteristik reproduksi induknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa reproduksi ikan lele Mutiara, antara lain umur awal matang gonad, indeks gonadosomatik dan ovisomatik, fekunditas, derajat fertilisasi, derajat penetasan, dan waktu rematurasi. Penentuan umur awal matang gonad dilakukan melalui pembedahan calon induk ikan lele Mutiara sejak berumur empat bulan. Pengamatan indeks gonadosomatik dan ovisomatik, fekunditas, derajat fertilisasi, derajat penetasan, dan waktu rematurasi dilakukan terhadap induk ikan lele Mutiara berumur 10 bulan yang digunakan dalam proses pemijahan alami dan buatan. Calon induk dan induk ikan lele Mutiara yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dipelihara dalam kolam tanah dan diberi pakan buatan komersial dengan kadar protein 30% untuk calon induk dan 35% untuk induk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ikan lele Mutiara mulai matang gonad pada umur lima bulan. Induk jantan ikan lele Mutiara yang matang gonad memiliki indeks gonadosomatik sebesar 0,22%-1,47%; sedangkan indeks ovisomatik induk betina berkisar 10,30%-21,33%; dengan fekunditas berkisar 72.700-165.900 butir/kg bobot induk (rata-rata 102.400 ± 25.000 butir/kg bobot induk). Pemijahan buatan induk ikan lele Mutiara menghasilkan derajat fertilisasi berkisar 76,53%-99,22% (rata-rata 91,48 ± 5,38%) dan derajat penetasan berkisar 64,93%-91,96% (rata-rata 80,45 ± 6,28%). Waktu rematurasi induk jantan ikan lele Mutiara sekitar dua minggu, sedangkan pada induk betina selama 1,5 bulan.Mutiara is one of several strains of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) which has various superior traits related to growth, feed efficiency, size homogeneity, and resistance to disease and environmental conditions. The use of the Mutiara seed for aquaculture resulted in a higher productivity, thus demands of the seed significantly increased. Quantity and quality of the seed depend on reproductive characteristics of the broodstocks. The present study was carried out to explore reproductive performances of Mutiara strain broodstocks including the age of first maturity, gonadosomatic and ovisomatic index, fecundity, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and rematuration period. Determination on the age of first maturity was conducted through dissection of the prematured fish since the fish were at four months of age. Observations on the gonadosomatic and ovisomatic index, fecundity, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and rematuration period were conducted on the broodstocks with 10 months of age used for both artificial and natural breedings. The results suggested that the first maturity of Mutiara strain was attained at five months of age. Gonadosomatic index of mature male Mutiara strain ranged 0.22%-1.47%, while ovisomatic index for the female were in a range of 10.30%-21.33% with fecundity ranged 72,000-165,900 eggs/kg of body weight (mean of 102,400 ± 25,000 eggs/kg of body weight). Furthermore, artificial breeding of the broodstocks of Mutiara strain resulted in a range of 76.53%-99.22% (mean of 91.48 ± 5.38%) for fertilization rate and ranged 64.93%-91.96% (mean of 80.45 ±6.28%) for hatching rate. Rematuration of the male broodstocks of Mutiara strain occurred within two weeks, while the females took 1.5 months.