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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Erdy Santoso
Institut Pertanian Bogor
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management

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GROWTH-PROMOTING PROPERTIES OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM RHIZOSPHERE AND RHIZOPLANE OF DIPTEROCARP PLANTS ON ACIDIC LOWLAND TROPICAL PEAT FOREST IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA Sitepu, Irnayuli R.; Hashidoko, Yasuyuki; Santoso, Erdy; Tahara, Satoshi
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 6, No 2 (2009): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

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Abstract

MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI INCREASED EARLY GROWTH OF TROPICAL TREE SEEDLINGS IN ADVERSE SOIL Turjaman, Maman; Santoso, Erdy; Sitepu, Irnayuli R.; Tawaraya, Keitaro; Purnomo, Erry; Tambunan, Ronny; Osaki, Mitsuru
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 6, No 1 (2009): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

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Abstract

The rate of reforestation  has increased throughout the countries in Southeast Asia region during the last 20 years.  At the same time, inconvenient situations such as forest destruction, forest exploitation, illegal logging, clear-cut forest areas, old agricultural lands, post-wildfire areas, conversion  of natural  forests into  plantations, resettlement areas, mine  lands,  and amended adverse soils have also been increasing  significantly. Mycorrhizas, hovewer,  play important role  to increase  plant  growth,  enrich  nutrient content  and enhance  survival rates of forest tree species in temperate  and sub-tropical  regions.  Unfortunately, a little information so far is available  regarding  the effect of mycorrhizas on growth  of tree species growing  in tropical  forests. In relevant,  several experiments  were carried  out to determine whether  ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and arbuscular  mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can enhance mycorrhizal colonization, nutrient content, and plant growth of some tropical rain forest tree species in Indonesia under nursery  and field conditions.   The families of tropical  tree species used in the experiment were  Thymelaeaceae (Aquilaria crassna), Leguminosae  (Sesbania grandifolia), Guttiferae (Ploiarium alternifolium and Calophyllum hosei), Apocynaceae (Dyera polyphylla and Alstonia scholaris), and Dipterocarpaceae (Shorea belangeran). These families are important as they provide timber  and non-timber  forest products (NTFPs).   This paper discusses the role of mycorrhizal fungi in increasing  early  growth  of tropical  tree seedlings in adverse soil.
ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI INCREASED PLANT GROWTH AND NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS OF MILKWOOD TROPICAL TREE SPECIES Alstonia scholaris UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS Turjaman, Maman; Santoso, Erdy; Tawaraya, Keitaro
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 4, No 2 (2007): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of five arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the early growth of Alstonia scholaris (milkwood) seedlings.   The seedlings were inoculated with Glomus clarum Nicholson & Schenk, Gigaspora decipiens Hall & Abbott, Glomus sp. ACA Tulasne & Tulasne, Entrophospora sp. Ames & Scheneider,    and Glomus sp. ZEA Tulasne & Tulasne, and uninoculated (control) under greenhouse conditions. Percentage of AM colonization, plant growth, survival rate, mycorrhizal dependency (MD), shoot nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca),  and magnesium (Mg) concentrations were measured after 150 days. Survival rates were higher in the AM-colonized seedlings at 150 days after transplantation than those in the control seedlings. Mycorrhizal Dependency (MD) values were 80, 78, 79, 78 and 78% in A. scholaris inoculated with G. clarum, G. decipiens, Glomus sp. ACA, Entrophospora sp., and Glomus sp. ZEA, respectively. Shoot N, P, K, Ca and Mg content of the seedlings were increased by AM fungi as much as 82-86, 81-86, 81-86, 88-91 and 85-90%, respectively. The percentage of AM colonization of A. scholaris ranged from 64 to 91 %. Colonization by five AM fungi increased plant height, diameter, total fresh weight, total dry weight and total length root. Glomus clarum was more effective in improving nutrient content and plant growth of A. scholaris than G. decipiens, Entrophospora  sp., Glomus sp. ZEA and Glomus sp. ACA.   Total root length of A. scholaris ranged from 1,180 to 1,310 cm. The results suggest that AM fungi can accelerate the establishment of the seedling stocks of A. scholaris. This finding would contribute to the effort of establishing A. scholaris plantation.
STUDIES ON FUNCTIONAL BACTERIA OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FOREST PLANTS FOR BIOREHABILITATION OF DEGRADED LANDS Sitepu, Irnayuli R.; Hashidoko, Yasuyuki; Aryanto, Aryanto; Turjaman, Maman; Tahara, Satoshi; Miftahuliyah, Siti S.; Santoso, Erdy
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 5, No 1 (2008): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

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Abstract

Forest  degradations  have left vast amount  of damaged  and abandoned  lands in Indonesia.   In this paper, we present our approaches  in rehabilitation of adverse soils using functional  bacteria isolated from plant species of Indonesian tropical  rain forests. For these purposes,  we collected  bacteria  from various  bio-geo-climatically different forests and conducted bioassays to test these bacterial abilities in improving plant growth. Repeated seedling-based studies on Shorea spp., Alstonia scholaris, Acacia crassicarpa, and Agathis lorantifolia have revealed that many bacteria were able to promote plant growth at early stage in the nursery.  Various  plant responses towards  inoculations suggested that although  forest soils maintain  highly diverse and potent  bacteria,  it is necessary to select appropriate approaches to obtain optimum  benefits from these plant-bacteria interactions.  Our  ideas and futures  studies  for further  management  of these plant- bacteria interactions for biorehabilitation are also discussed.
PEMANFAATAN KOMPOS KULIT KAYU MANGIUM UNTUK MEDIA PERTUMBUHAN CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA DAN BIBIT Acacia mangium Willd. Suprapti, Sihati; Santoso, Erdy; Djarwanto, Djarwanto; Turjaman, Maman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 30, No 2 (2012):
Publisher : Pusat Litbang Keteknikan Kehutanan dan Pengolahan Hasil Hutan

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Abstract

Bahan baku yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kulit kayu mangium yang disterilkan dan tidak disterilkan ditambah aktivator kemudian dikomposkan selama 30 hari. Kompos kulit kayu mangium tersebut digunakan sebagai media tanam cendawan mikoriza dan bibit Acacia mangium. Tingkat degradasi kompos dievaluasi berdasarkan perubahan kandungan karbon organik, nitrogen total, kadar hara, dan kapasitas tukar kation (KTK). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penambahan aktivator pada proses pengomposan kulit kayu mangium menurunkan nisbah C/N masing-masing menjadi 21,90 (disterilkan) dan 25,30 (tidak disterilkan). Penambahan aktivator tersebut dapat meningkatkan unsur hara N 0,82-1,09%, P 0,22-0,36%, dan K 0,36-1,12%, dan meningkatkan nilai KTK 31,3-32,7 me/100 g. Kolonisasi mikoriza pada media tanam kompos kulit kayu mangium, menunjukkan bahwa kompos tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai media tumbuh sekaligus media pembawa cendawan mikoriza. Persentase koloni yang tinggi (45%) dijumpai pada media kulit kayu mangium yang disterilkan, ditambah aktivator yang diinokulasi Glomus sp. Pertumbuhan bibit A. mangium pada media kulit kayu mangium yang disterilkan dan ditambah aktivator cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang ditanam pada media yang tidak disterilkan. Pertumbuhan bibit tertinggi dijumpai pada media tanam yang diinokulasi Gigaspora sp., sedangkan pertumbuhan diameter batang paling besar terjadi pada media yang diinokulasi Glomus sp.
EFFECT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA FUNGI INOCULATION ON TEAK (Tectona grandis Linn. F) AT CIKAMPEK, WEST JAVA Irianto, Ragil S.B.; Santoso, Erdy
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 2, No 2 (2005): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2005.2.2.69-73

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the effect of Arbuscular Mycorhiza Fungi (AMF) on the early growth of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F) plantation. Teak seedlings were inoculated with Glomus aggregatum or Mycofer (mixing of four Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) : G. margarita, G. manihotis, G. etunicatum and Acalospora spinosa) at the time of transplantation. At  three months old the seedlings were planted in Cikampek experimental forest. Results showed that application of G. aggregatum or mycofer to teak could accelerate height and diameter growth by up to 61%and4 7%, respectively, after three months in the field.
PEMANFAATAN KOMPOS KULIT KAYU MANGIUM UNTUK MEDIA PERTUMBUHAN CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA DAN BIBIT Acacia mangium Willd Suprapti, Sihati; Santoso, Erdy; Djarwanto, Djarwanto; Turjaman, Maman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 30, No 2 (2012):
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2012.30.2.114-123

Abstract

Bahan baku yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kulit kayu mangium yang disterilkan dantidak disterilkan ditambah aktivator kemudian dikomposkan selama 30 hari. Kompos kulit kayumangium tersebut digunakan sebagai media tanam cendawan mikoriza dan bibitAcacia mangium. Tingkat degradasi kompos dievaluasi berdasarkan perubahan kandungan karbon organik, nitrogen total, kadar hara, dan kapasitas tukar kation (KTK). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penambahan aktivator pada proses pengomposan kulit kayu mangium menurunkan nisbah C/N masing-masing menjadi 21,90 (disterilkan) dan 25,30 (tidak disterilkan). Penambahan aktivator tersebut dapat meningkatkan unsur hara N 0,82-1,09%, P 0,22-0,36%, dan K 0,36-1,12%, dan meningkatkan nilai KTK 31,3-32,7 me/100 g. Kolonisasi mikoriza pada media tanam kompos kulit kayu mangium, menunjukkan bahwa kompos tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai media tumbuh sekaligus media pembawa cendawan mikoriza. Persentase koloni yang tinggi (45%) dijumpai pada media kulit kayu mangium yang disterilkan, ditambah aktivator yang diinokulasiGlomussp. Pertumbuhan bibitA. mangiumpada media kulit kayu mangium yang disterilkan dan ditambah aktivator cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang ditanam pada media yang tidak disterilkan. Pertumbuhan bibit tertinggi dijumpai pada media tanam yang diinokulasiGigasporasp., sedangkan pertumbuhan diameter batang paling besar terjadi pada media yang diinokulasiGlomussp.
ARANG DAN CUKA KAYU : PRODUK HHBK UNTUK STIMULAN PERTUMBUHAN MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) Komarayati, Sri; Santoso, Erdy
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 29, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4176.781 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2011.29.2.155-178

Abstract

Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil penelitian pemanfaatan arang kompos serasah, arang serbuk gergaji, arang bambu, cuka kayu, campuran arang kompos serasah dan cuka kayu dan mikoriza terhadap media tumbuh anakan mengkudu selama tiga bulan di Rumah Kaca. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan arang serbuk gergaji, arang bambu, arang kompos serasah, cuka kayu dan mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan anakan mengkudu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arang kompos serasah, arang serbuk gergaji dan arang bambu sebesar 20% dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi, diameter, panjang dan lebar daun anakan mengkudu. Cuka kayu dengan konsentrasi 2% dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan terutama diameter anakan mengkudu.sebesar 3 kali. Campuran arang kompos serasah 10% dan cuka kayu 2% merupakan kombinasi terbaik dan memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan anakan mengkudu terutama pada peningkatan pertumbahan tinggi, panjang dan lebar daun sebesar 2,72; 2,13 dan 1,40 kali. Penambahan 1 tablet mikoriza dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi, diameter, panjang dan lebar daun anakan mengkudu sebesar 2,18 ; 1,67 ; 2,08 dan 1,50 kali.
EFFECT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION ON EARLY GROWTH AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF TWO PEAT­ SWAMP FOREST TREE SPECIES SEEDLINGS, Calophyllum hosei AND Ploiarium alternifolium Turjaman, Maman; Santoso, Erdy; Tamai, Yutaka; Osaki, Mitsuru; Tawaraya, Keitaro
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 3, No 1 (2006): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2006.3.1.19-30

Abstract

Tropical peat-swamp forests are one of  the largest near-surface reserves of terrestrial organic carbon,  but rnany peat-swamp forest tree species decreased due over-exploitation, forest fire and conversion of natural forests into agricultural lands. Among those species are slow-growing Calophyllum  hoseiand Ploiarium  alternifolium, two species are good for construction of boats, furniture, house building and considerable attention from pharmacological viewpoint for human healthly. This study was aimed at understanding the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on early growth of  C. hosei and P.alternifoliumunder greenhouse condition. Seedlings of C. hosei and P.alternifoliumwere inoculated with AM fungi: Glomus clarum and Glomus aggregatum ,or uninoculated under greenhouse condition during 6 months. AM colonization,   plant growth,  survival rate and  nutrient  content  (P, Zn  and B) were measured. The percentage of C. hoseiand P.alternifolium ranged from 27-32% and 18-19%,  respectively. Both inoculated seedling species had greater plant  height, diameter, leaf number, shoot and root dry weight than control  seedlings.   Nutrient  content  of  inoculated  plants  were increased with AM colonization- Survival rates of  inoculated plants were higher (100%)  than those of  control plants (67%). The results suggested that inoculation of AM fungi could improve the early growth of C. hoseiand P.alternifolium grown in tropical peat-swamp forest therefore  this finding has greater potential impact if this innovative technology applied in field scales which are socially acceptable, commercially profitable and environmentally friendly.
ISOLAT DAN KARAKTERISASI ENZIMATIS MIKROBA LIGNOSELULOLITIK DI TIGA TIPE EKOSISTEM TAMAN NASIONAL Agustini, Luciasih; Irianto, Ragil S.B.; Turjaman, Maman Turjaman; Santoso, Erdy
Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Vol 8, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan

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Abstract

ABSTRAKBiomassa berlignoselulosa sering dianggap sebagai limbah dari industri kehutanan dan pertanian. Sebenarnya, material yang mengandung senyawa lignin, selulosa dan hemiselulosa ini dapat menjadi sumber energi dan sumberdaya baru yang penting bagi pengembangan industri yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Di alam  banyak terdapat mikroba yang berpotensi untuk proses perombakan biomassa, baik berupa jamur, bakteri, maupun ragi atau khamir. Hutan Indonesia kaya akan biodiversitas mikroba, namun penelitian mengenai biodiversitas mikroba yang mampu mendegradasi biomassa berlignoselulosa masih sedikit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang eksplorasi dan bioprospeksi mikroba yang berpotensi menghasilkan enzim-enzim lignoselulolitik. Eksplorasi mikroba dilakukan di Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, TN Gunung Ciremai dan TN Bali Barat. Isolat diperoleh dari berbagai macam sampel, seperti tanah, serasah dan kayu. Mikroba yang terisolasi diseleksi berdasarkan potensi enzimatisnya menggunakan media selektif (Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) dan reagentpendeteksi (Pyrogallol dan α-naphthol). Diperoleh 517 isolat, tujuh diantaranya terindikasi memiliki kemampuan untuk mensintesa empat jenis enzim lignoselulolitik yang diujikan sekaligus. 
Co-Authors A.W. Gunawan, A.W. Djarwanto Djarwanto Erry Purnomo Irnayuli R. Sitepu Irnayuli R. Sitepu, Irnayuli Keitaro Tawaraya Luciasih Agustini Maman Turjaman Maman Turjaman Turjaman, Maman Turjaman Mitsuru Osaki Ragil S.B. Irianto Ronny Tambunan Satoshi Tahara SATRIYAS ILYAS Sihati Suprapti Siti S. Miftahuliyah Sri Komarayati Yana Sumarna, Yana Yasuyuki Hashidoko Yutaka Tamai