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Plant Regeneration of Pummelo cv. Cikoneng from Cotyledon and Epicotyl Iswari Saraswati Dewi; I. H. Rahman; Bambang Sapta Purwoko
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 41 No. 2 (2013): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

In vitro conservation needs highly efficient micropropagation protocol. The objective of the research was to obtain an efficient and reproducible protocol for pummelo (Citrus maxima(Burm.) Merr.) micropropagation through direct shoot formation. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors and 20 replications. The 1stfactor was type of explant, i.e. cotyledon and epicotyl segments of Pummelo cv. Cikoneng, while the 2ndfactor was the media composition as follow (1) MS + 1.0 mg BAP L-1 + 0.5 mg Kinetin L-1 + 0.5 mg NAA L-1; (2) MS + 2.0 mg BAP L-1 + 0.5 mg Kinetin L-1 + 0.5 mg NAA L-1; (3) MS + 1.0 mg BAP L-1 + 1.0 mg Kinetin L-1 + 0.5 mg NAA L-1; (4) MS + 2.0 mg BAP L-1 + 0.5 mg Kinetin L-1+ 1.0 mg NAA L-1; (5) MS + 2.0 mg BAP L-1+ 1.0 mg Kinetin L-1 + 1.0 mg NAA L-1. Observation was conducted on days to shoot induction, number of explant forming shoots, shoot height, number of shoots, leaves, and roots. The results showed that adventitious shoots emerged from callus in epicotyl (6-8 WAP), but adventitious shoots could emerge directly without an intervening callus phase from cotyledon (4-5 WAP). Shoots emerged from epicotyl were weak and vitrous due to hyperhydricity, thus they can not be used for micropropagation. Cotyledons cultured in media MS + 1.0 mg BAP L-1 + 0.5 mg Kinetin L-1 + 0.5 mg NAA L-1or media MS + 1.0 mg BAP L-1 + 1.0 mg Kinetin L-1 + 0.5 mg NAA L-1gave the highest percentage of explant forming adventitious shoot (38.8 and 26.3%), highest efficiency of shoot formation (62.5 dan 72.5%), and highest numbers of leaves (value of 1.9 leaves shoot-1) and roots (1.1 roots shoot-1) compared to other media. Since shoot height and number of leaves and root were not significantly different in both media, thus cotyledon and media MS + 1.0 mg BAP L-1 + 0.5 mg Kinetin L-1+ 0.5 mg NAA L-1which was less in Kinetin is suggested to be used for pummelo micropropagation.Keywords: Citrus maxima, epicotyl, cotyledon, regeneration, pummelo

Karakterisasi Sifat Agronomi Tanaman Padi Beras Merah Dihaploid Berpotensi Hasil Tinggi Diperoleh melalui Kultur Antera Antera Mawaddah ,; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Iswari Saraswati Dewi; dan Desta Wirnas
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 46 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Observation and identification of rice germplasm with advanced traits are important activities in the process of obtaining a variety of rice because every genotype will show unique characters. Genotype derived from breeding program as anther culture need to be characterized to identify the doubled haploid lines that are potential to be developed in red rice breeding. This research was aimed to obtain agronomic characters of doubled haploid lines of red rice. Materials used were 59 genotypes, i.e., 57 doubled haploid (DH0) lines with red grain and 2 check varieties (Inpari 24 and Aek Sibundong) as control. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results exhibited there was agronomic variation among DH0 of red rice lines. Variance analysis showed that genotype affected most characters, except for grain dry weight per hill. Plant height, number of productive tiller, harvesting age, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, and number of filled grain per panicle can be used as a reference for effective selection to develop high productivity of red rice variety.

Heritabilitas, Karakterisasi, dan Analisis Clustergram Galur-galur Padi Dihaploid Hasil Kultur Antera Muhammad Fuad Anshori; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Iswari Saraswati Dewi; Sintho Wahyuning Ardie; Willy Bayuardi Suwarno; dan Heni Safitri
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 46 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Doubled haploid rice formation through anther culture becomes one of the alternatives in the plant breeding. The lines need to be characterized, clustered, and selected. This study aimed at determining heritability, characters, and cluster of doubled haploid lines obtained from anther culture. This experiment was conducted at IPB Rice Field Experiment Station, Darmaga, Bogor from October 2016 until January 2017. The experiment was managed according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications and genotype as the single factor treatment. Genotypes used were 60 genotypes consisting of 56 doubled haploid lines and 4 control varieties. The controls were Ciherang, Inpara 5, Inpari 29, and Inpari 34 Salin Agritan. The results showed that all characters have significant effect and high heritability (above 60%), so they could be used as a selection character. The tested genotypes could be grouped into three main groups. The first group consisted of 11 genotypes, the second group consisted of 44 genotypes, and the third group consisted of 5 genotypes. The main group determinant characters were productive tillers, percentage of filled grain number, plant height, panicle length, and weight of 1,000 grains. The number of filled grain and productive tillers can be used as selection characters together with yield potential.

Penentuan Indeks Seleksi Toleransi Kekeringan Galur Dihaploid Padi Sawah Tadah Hujan pada Fase Perkecambahan Miftahur Rizqi Akbar; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Iswari Saraswati Dewi; dan Willy Bayuardi Suwarno
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 46 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Rainfed rice tolerant to drought and high yielding would be an alternative to rainfed lowland areas prone to drought stress. Selection in the early phase of plant growth will accelerate the effort to obtain rainfed varieties. The objective of this experiment was to identify characters that significantly affect the selection of drought tolerance using PEG 6000 concentration of 25% in the germination phase. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse of ICABIOGRAD, Bogor, using a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was 32 rice genotypes while the second factor was 2 levels of PEG 6000, i.e., concentrations of 0 and 25%. The results showed that the correlation analysis and principal component analysis obtain the important characters namely the germination percentage, seminal root length, and the dry weight of seminal roots. Based on discriminant analysis, the index matching value of 96.77% was suitable to distinguish tolerant and sensitive genotypes using PEG 6000 concentration of 25% in the germination phase.

Skrining Awal Toleransi Galur-galur Dihaploid Padi Gogo terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan pada Stadia Bibit Nita Kartina; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Iswari Saraswati Dewi; Desta Wirnas; dan Anggi Nindita
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 47 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Development of doubled haploid lines of upland rice through anther culture is one way to obtain superior upland rice varieties tolerant to drought. The objectives of this research were to determine the response of doubled haploid lines to drought stress at seedling stage and to select tolerant doubled haploid lines. The research was conducted at a screenhouse of Muara Research Station, Indonesia Center of Rice Research (ICRR) from November to December 2017. Fourteen doubled haploid lines and 4 check varieties, namely Inpago 10 and Limboto, Salumpikit (drought tolerant check) and IR 20 (drought sensitive check) were used in this study. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The observations were conducted on leaf rolling, leaf drought, and recovery ability. Based on Friedman nonparametric analysis, HR-5-7-1-1 and HR-7-15-2-1 had moderate response with estimated median values for leaf rolling of 3.44 and 3.00, respectively. Three doubled haploid lines namely HR-2-27-2-7, HR-2-34-1-3 and HR-7-15-2-1 had moderate response to drought with estimated median value of leaf drought of 3.56. Nine lines of doubled haploid had tolerant response with estimated median value of recovery ability of 1.00-1.56. Based on weighted selection index, nine doubled haploid lines with positive and high selection index were identified; however, only two lines (HR-7-15-2-1 and B3-2) had selection index higher than Inpago 10 and Limboto.Keywords: drought tolerance, leaf rolling, recovery, weighted selection index

Penentuan Indeks Seleksi untuk Galur Dihaploid Padi Sawah Tadah Hujan Berdaya Hasil Tinggi Miftahur Rizqi Akbar; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Iswari Saraswati Dewi; Willy Bayuardi Suwarno; dan Sugiyanta
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 47 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Rainfed rice breeding for high yield is an alternative to increase national rice production. The breeding can beaccelerated using anther culture technique. The selection of high productivity lines may be more effective if it also involvesthe traits contributing to or affecting the yield traits. This study aimed at determining suitable characters as selection criteriaand obtain a selection index model for high yielding doubled haploid rainfed rice lines. The experiment was conductedin a greenhouse of ICABOGRAD, Bogor and Sawah Baru Experimental Station, Bogor Agricultural University using arandomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Thirty doubled haploid lines derived from anther cultureand two check varieties namely Ciherang and Inpari 18 were used. The results showed that plant height (TT), number of filledgrain per panicle (GI), and productivity (PRD) could be used as suitable selection characters. The determination of selectionindex obtained a selection model which was Selection index = 0.48 PRD + 0.31 JGI - 0.31 TT. This model can be used toselect high yielding doubled haploid rainfed rice lines.

Seleksi Galur-galur Dihaploid Padi Hitam pada Uji Daya Hasil Lanjutan Danu Kuncoro; Mutiyara Sani; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Iswari Saraswati Dewi; Willy Bayuardi Suwarno; Awang Maharijaya; Eny Widajati
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 49 No. 3 (2021): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Black rice becomes a source of carbohydrate with health benefits. Yield trial is an important step for the success of black rice breeding. This study aimed at obtaining information on agronomic performance of doubled haploid lines of black rice and selecting the best doubled haploid black rice lines with good agronomic characters and high yielding for multi-location yield trials. This study was conducted from November 2019 until July 2020 in Bogor, West Java and Malang, East Java. Twenty-three doubled haploid black rice lines and three check varieties namely Aek Sibundong, Jeliteng, and Inpari 24 were used as plant genetic materials. This study was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications for each treatment. The result revealed that interaction of genotype and environment was significant on all observed traits except on grain filling period according to analysis of variance. Fourteen doubled haploid rice lines were selected based on weighted selection index. These lines showed number of productive tillers per hill ranged from 15.8 to 25.9, early maturity from 115.2 to 121.9 days after sowing, and high productivity (>5.4 ton ha-1). The agronomic performance and yield of the doubled haploid rice lines selected in this study required further testing through a multi-site test to obtain a candidate for new high yielding variety for black rice. Keywords: good agronomic, rice anther culture, selection criteria, selection index

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