Ifah Munifah
Research Centre for Marine anf Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology

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Characteristics of Solid Waste Agar Industries Ifah Munifah; Hari Eko Irianto
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 13, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v13i3.292

Abstract

Agar processed from red seaweed Gracilaria sp. in Indonesia can be found in the form of sheet and powder. The abundance of cellulose in agar solid waste can be used as an alternative source of carbon for microorganism growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the component of agar solid waste and to characterize the cellulose. The agar solid waste (limbah industri agar-agar, LIA) was undergone physical separation process into agar, fiber cellulose, and celite. The result showed that agar solid waste consisted of 53.53% fiber; 37.33% agar and 8.60% celite. LIA was characterized for its components including ash, lignin, extractive substances, cellulose, hemicellulose, and holocellulose using Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Method (TAPPI). The TAPPI analysis revealed that solid waste generated from seaweed Gracilaria sp processing had 28.19% cellulose, 38.83% holocellulosa, 10.63% hemicellulose, 8.27% ash, 3.54% insoluble acid ash, 11.23% water, and 1.62% extractives substances. The lignin content of the solid waste was low (2.08%), therefore it has potential to be utilized as biomass (bio fertilizer, alternative carbon source). The components in solid waste of agar was determined using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). The LIA sample had high content of celite indicated by the absorption peak which appears at wave length 2343.45 cm-1 for the -Si-H bond and at the wave length 772.99 cm-1 for the bond -Si- O-. Infra-red spectra showed that celite still exist in solid waste of agar. The study indicated that there was still a large amount of cellulose in the solid waste of agar. Keywords: solid waste, cellulose, agar, lignin, celite
Biodiversity of Cellulolytic Bacteria Isolated from the Solid Wastes of Agar Seaweed Processing Industry Ifah Munifah; Titi Candra Sunarti; Hari Eko Irianto; Anja Meryandini
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 10, No 3 (2015): December 2015
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnol

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.v10i3.129

Abstract

Agar is polysaccharide extracted from the seaweed Gracilaria sp. It is commonly used for food, medical, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. The red seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa is the most common material used for the extraction of agar, processed into sheet and powder. A total of 7169 tons solid waste is produced from the agar industry in Indonesia which can further result in 4301.4 tons per year of cellulose. However, solid wastes from agar seaweed processing industry have not been managed and used optimally, and therefore seaweed solid wastes can be used as one of alternative source of cellulose and cellulolytic bacteria. In this research, we reported the isolation of cellulose-producing bacteria from seaweed processing industry wastes using specific media 1 % LIA (Limbah Industri Agar, waste of seaweed processing industry). Sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA genes amplified from the obtained 7 isolates identified them as Serratia marcescens, Chryseobacterium indovlogenes, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus cereus, Strenatrophomonas maltophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.