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Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
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Primary screening of insecticidal efficacy of leaves and seeds of Annona muricuta Linn. against mosquito larvae in the laboratory Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 24, No 03 (1992)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Various species of plants are known to contain different active substances showing insecticidal activities and many of them could be utilized as the alternatives of chemical insecticides with long residual actions. •These studies aimed at elucidating the insecticidal actions of leaves and seeds of Annona muricula Linn. against Aedes and Culex mosquito larvae. The leaves, seed cores and seed walls of A. muricuta were prepared as 10% infusion, and after a serial dilutions of the stock ingredient was made, they were tested for their respective insecticidal actions against the larvae of. Ae. aegypti and Cr. quinquefasciatus under laboratory conditions for 24 and 48 hours.Final results analized showed that the leaves and seed cores of A. muricula in the form of infusion were insecticidal against mosquito larvae tested.Key Words: botanical insecticides - Annona muricuta Linn. Aedes aegypti - Culex quinquefasciatus - mosquito control
Antifilarial Activity of Diethylcarbamazine in Brugia Pahangi Aedes Togoi Model Infection Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 25, No 01 (1993)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Sejak tahun 1947 dietilkarbamasin (DEC) diketahui khasiatnya sebagai antifilarial. Penelitian lanjutannya :ebih banyak mengarah kepada khasiatnya sebagai mikrofilarisida dan makrofilarisida pada Venebrata. Kejelasan aktivitas DEC terhadap stadia perkembangan cacing filaria dalam nyamuk Vektomya sangat sedikit diketahui, yang sebenamya juga penting untuk mengungkap makna obat itu dalam pengendalian penularan filariasis. Penelitian ini bedujuan untuk mengungkap lebih rind tentang daya DEC sebagai filarisida pada nyamuk Acdcs togoi yang diinfeksi dengan Brttgia pahangi.Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan memberikan pakan secara langsung kepada Ae. togoi yang dikolonisasi dengan larutan DEC dalam air sukrose 10% dengan konsentrasi 200, 100, 50 dan 0 mg%. Angka modalitas (AM), angka infeksi (Al), angka infektif (Alm), jurnlah larva per nyamuk terinfeksi (JUN), jumlah larva infektif per nyamuk terinfeksi (JL1PN), perlyebaran larva B. pahangi dalam tubuh nyamuk, dan ukuran (panjang badan) larvae, setelah nyamuk Ae. togoi dikolonisasi selama 12 hari setelah pemberian pakan darah infeks dan kucing yang terinfeksi B. pahangi, di tetapkan.Pedambahan AM nyamuk Ae. togoi yang tanpa maupun dengan infeksi B. pahangi tidak bermakna, dan tidak bergantung kepada konsentrasi DEC, menunjukkan bahwa DEC tidak bersifat insektisidal. Perbedaan di antara AM nyamuk tanpa dan dengan infeksi filarial diduga karena daya merusak filaria parasit selama perkembangan dan migrasi dalam tubuh nyamuk.Al dan Aln nyata menurun pada had ke 12. Larva H (U) B. palzangi masih ditemukan dalam tubuh Ae. togoi yang diberi pakan larutan DEC selama 12 hari; hal ini mengesankan bahwa DEC menghambat perkembangan sebagian larvae B. pahangi. Selama 12 hari persentase larvae B. pahattgi di bagian kepala nyamuk Ae. togoi nyata lebih rendah daripada yang pada nyamuk pembanding; hal ini menunjukkan hahwa DEC juga menghambat migrasi sebagian larvae filaria. Disimpulkan hahwa DEC nyata berIchasiat parsial sebagai anti filarial pada infeksi model B. pahangi - Ae. togoi.Key Words: diethylkarbamazine B. pahangi Ae. togoi insecticidal effect inhibitory effect
Isolation and characterization of spore-forming bacilli pathogenic for mosquito larvae in Java Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 23, No 01 (1991)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The use of chemical insecticides for controlling mosquito vector of diseases has resulted in a lot of negative impacts. The objective of this study was to search for spore-forming bacilli effective as larvicides for prospective production and being determined as one of the alternatives in the vector control strategies.The bacilli were tried to be isolated from mosquito larvae, soil and water of various mosquito larval habitats surveyed in several areas of Yogyakarta Special Territory, Central Java and EastJava. A number of 549 isolates was obtained from 203 total samples collected. Tests of pathogenicity of all isolates against early fourth stage larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito revealed the existence of 4 positive bacilli, namely B. pumilus, B. eereus and two new strains of B. sphaericus.Key Wards: spore-forming bacilli -entomopathogens - B. pumilus B. cereus - B. sphaericus
Toxicity testings of isolated Bacillus sp. against mosquito larvae in the laboratory Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 23, No 02 (1991)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Studies on the spectrum of insecticidal activities of any entomopathogens indigenously obtained from any mosquito larval habitats should be accomplished to realize its recpective degree of potency and specificity as a biological control agent.These studies aimed at testing of comparative toxicides of four bacilli isolates: B. sphaericus I (23A), B. sphaericus11 (51C), B. pumilus (25C) and B. cereus (142A) against Cul= quingu.efasciatus, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles aconitus larvae in laboratory conditions.Pathogenicity and toxicity testings were undertaken after the four bacilli isolates and their controls (B. thuringiensis H-14 and B. sphaericus 1593) being cultured in slant media or produced through fermentations with a defined medium (Prof Sam Singer) as final whole cultures (FWCs) and primary powders. Titrations of all primary powders produced were carried out against standard powders of B. t. H-14 (IPS 82) and B. sphaericus 1593 (RB 80).The results of the testings showed that:1. the four bacilli isolates were respectively pathogenic for Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti and An. aconitus larvae;2. the degree of sensitivities of the three species of mosquito larvae against the four bacilli isolates from higher to lower levels were Cx. quinquefasciatus, Ae. aegypti and An. am-nibs;3. toxicides of the four bacilli isolates were still much lower than that of either B. t. H-14 or B. sphaericus 1593, and4. results of the attempts of primary powder production with a Sam Singers medium for the four isolates, B. I. H-14 and B. sphaericus 1593 were considered satisfactory.Key Words: entomopathogens - bacilli isolates - B. thuringiensisH-14 - B. sphaericus 1593 - biological
Application of non-specific esterase enzyme microassays to detect potential insecticide resistance of Aedes aegypti adults in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 28, No 04 (1996)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

By bioassay Aedes aegypti larvae collected from Yogyakarta were found to be susceptible to temephos and malathion and by using microplate enzymatic assay Ae. aegypti larvae collected from the same sites were potentially resistant to the organophosphate insecticides due to elevated esterase activity in hydrolyzing a-naphthyl acetate substrate used in the enzymatic reaction from the same sites might be potentially resistant to OP insecticides due to the same mechanism. The homogenates of the mosquito adult stages from the fields were microassayed using a-naphthyl acetate substrate compared to that colonized in the laboratory. From a series of studies the results were concluded that Ae. aegypti adults in Yogyakarta were susceptible and potentially resistant to insecticides due to elevated a-naphthyl acetate esterase activity.Key words: Aedes aegypti - organophosphate insecticides - insecticide resistance - non-spesific esterase -biochemical test.
Current status of filariasis chemotherapy Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 15, No 03 (1983)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Success of filariasis control still depends greatly on chemotherapy. piethylcarbamazine is so far considered as the most suitable and effective drug of filariasis in man. Its untoward reactions experienced by the treated individuals, long course of administration and incapability of removing all Wuchereria bancroftimicrofilariae in blood, however, initiate the search for more ideal antifilarials.A number of chemical compounds has been tested and shown to be active as filaricides in. experimental animals, and needs further intensive and careful clinical evaluation in man prior to its administration on a wider scale.Various methods of filaricide testing, using different filarial parasites and laboratory animals, and hindering factors arising in case of the production of a new antifflarial drug are discussed.Key Words: filariasis chemotherapy - diethylcarbamazine filaricides - filaricide testing - an tifilarial drug
Microplate assay analysis of potential for organophosphate insecticide resistanse in Aedes aegypti in the Yogyakarta Municipality, Indonesia. Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 02 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Sejak tahun 1970-an insektisida organofosfat (OP), temefos dan malathion, digunakan dalam program nasional pengendalian wabah demam berdarah Dengue di Indonesia, yang vektor utamanya adalah nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Dalam kurun waktu yang sama kedua senyawa OP itu diketahui menimbulkan resistensi pada Ae. aegypti stadium dewasa dan larva di Malaysia. Timbul dugaan bahwa Ae. aegypti stadium larva dan dewasa di Kodya Yogyakarta juga telah resisten terhadap kedua senyawa OP tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan status kerentanan Ae. aegypti stadium larva di Kodya Yogyakarta terhadap temefos dan malathion, dan mengetahui potensinya untuk menjadi resisten terhadap insektisida OP dibandingkan dengan populasi Ae. aegypti hasil kolonisasi di insektarium. Cara penelitian meliputi penggunaan uji mikroplat untuk peningkatan aktivitas enzim esterase non-spesifik pada Ae. aegypti stadium larva, diperkuat dengan uji hayati terhadap malathion dan temefos. Dari analisis data hasil penelitian tersebut disimpulkan, bahwa Ae. aegypti di Kodya Yogyakarta, stadium larvanya berkesan mulai resisten terhadap malathion dan temefos. Hal ini berbeda nyata dari Ae. aegypti stadium larva hasil kolonisasi insektarium yang masih sangat rentan terhadap kedua insektisida OP tersebut. Ae. aegypti di Kodya Yogyakarta berpotensi untuk menjadi resisten terhadap insektisida OP.Key Words : biochemical test -- malathion -- temephos -- insecticide resistance -- Aedes aegypti
Activity of the combined pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine as antifilarial in Brugia pahangi - Aedes togoi model infection Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 22, No 01 (1990)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

The mortality rates of Aedes togoi mosquito either uninfected or infected with Brugia pahangi maintained in insectary for 12 days with various concentrations of the combined pyrimethamine (P) and sulphadoxine (S) in 10% sugar-water solution: 5 mg% P + 100 mg%, 10 mg% P + 200 mg% S, and 20 mg% P + 400 mg% S significantly increased compared to that of the control groups. The present evidence showed a definite insecticidal action of the combined drugs.Infection and infective rates of Ae. togoi mosquitoes, average number of B. pahangi larvae and infective larvae per infected mosquitoes, average size and movement of the larvae in the groups of mosquitoes treated with various concentrations of the combined drugs for 12 days decreased significantly compared to that of the control groups of mosquitoes. The present evidence demonstrated a definite action of the combined pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine as an antifilarial in B. pahangi Ae. togoi model infection.Key Words: pyrimethamin-sulphadoxine - Brugia pahangi - Aedes togoi - antifilarial - insecticide
Developing and promoting community participation in the control of dengue haemorrhagic fever vectors Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 19, No 01 (1987)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is caused by dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes aegypei and A e. albopictus mosquitoes. The absence of causative drugs and protective vaccines, therefore, indicates vector control measures as the only alternative for the disease abatement. Various methods of dengue vector control and of developing and promoting community participation in such activities are discussed. Key Words: dengue haemorrhagic fever — Aedes aegypti — Breteau Index — environmental sanitation — Rural Improvement Programme
Uji Lapangan Skala Kecil Tentang Pengaruh Kahut Panas Chlorpyrifos Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Anopheles aconitus Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 20, No 01 (1988)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo, Kasumbogo Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DI-IF) and malaria are two major diseases of public health importance in Java, and other areas of Indonesia. Chemical insecticides are still the main weapon in the control of the disease vectors particularly in epidemic situations. In case of malaria vector control, mainly in Java, one of the problems encountered in the field is the development of highly resistant strain of Anopheles aconitus to DDT. Efforts should be taken, therefore, to find a better and more effective insecticide for controlling the vector.Clorpyrifos (Lorsban *180 EC) at doses of 100 ml/ha, 200 ml/ha. and 300 ml/ha applied as thermal fog was proved to be highly effective for controlling Aedes aegypti and An. aconitus mosquitoes, equal to that of malathion at the dose of 438 ml/ha..Considering the effectiveness and efficiency of the control, the recommended dose of chlorpyri - fos for two species of mosquitoes is 100 ml/ha.Key Words: thermal fog — chlorpyrifos — malathion — Aedes aegypti — Anopheles
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