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All Journal Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Tropical Animal Science Journal
E. Widiastuti
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy

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Performances of Crossbred Chickens Fed Fermented Papaya Leaf and Seed Powder at High Stocking Density S. Sugiharto; T. Yudiarti; E. Widiastuti; H. Wahyuni; T. Sartono; A. R. Pratama
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.316

Abstract

The study evaluated the influence of fermented papaya leaf and seed powder (FPLS) and/or multienzymes on the growth, physiology, antioxidant, and gut ecology of the Indonesian crossbred chicken (ICC) at high stocking density. Three hundred and seventy ICC were randomly allotted to LSD (chicks fed conventional feed at low stocking density), HSD (chicks fed conventional feed at high stocking density), HSD+mE (chicks fed conventional feed plus multienzyme at high stocking density), HSD+FPLS (chicks fed FPLS at high stocking density) and HSD+FPLS+mE (chicks fed FPLS plus multienzyme at high stocking density). Body weight and feed intake were determined weekly. Two ICC were taken from each pen (10 chicks per treatment group) at week 10 for sampling. The study was arranged based on a completely randomized design with five treatment groups, each consisted of five replicates. Except for performance, analysis of variance was conducted on two chicks from each replicate (10 chicks per treatment group). Chicks in LSD consumed more (p<0.05) feed and had a higher (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio. Platelet distribution width (PDW) was lower (p<0.05) in HSD, HSD+FPLS, and HSD+FPLS+mE chicks than in LSD chicks. Lymphocyte counts were lower (p<0.05) in HSD relative to HSD+mE chicks. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was higher (p<0.05) in HSD and HSD+FPLS+mE chicks than in LSD, HSD+mE, and HSD+FPLS chicks. High-density lipoprotein was smaller (p<0.05) in HSD+mE chicks than in LSD, HSD, and HSD+FPLS chicks. Compared to the other treatment groups of chicks, HSD+FPLS chicks had a lower (p<0.05) albumin level. Creatinine level was lower (p<0.05) in HSD chicks than in the other group of chicks. Enterobacteriaceae counts were lower (p<0.05) in HSD+FPLS cecal content of chicks than in LSD and HSD chicks. The redness values of breast meats were lower (p<0.05) in HSD+FPLS chicks than the chicks in HSD+mE and HSD+FPLS+mE dietary treatments. LSD chicks had higher (p<0.05) redness values of thigh meat than the other treatment groups of chicks. LSD chicks also had higher (p<0.05) yellowness values than HSD+mE and HSD+FPLS+mE chicks. In conclusion, high stocking density resulted in mild stress conditions, as was demonstrated by the increased SOD and decreased PDW and redness meat values. A combination of FPLS and multienzyme ameliorated the adverse influence of high stocking density in ICC.
Dietary supplementation of Spirulina platensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on egg quality, physiological condition and ammonia emission of hens at the late laying period H. I. Wahyuni; T. Yudiarti; E. Widiastuti; T. A. Sartono; I. Agusetyaningsih; S. Sugiharto
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 48, No 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.1.47-57

Abstract

The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Spirulina platensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae or its combination on egg quality, physiological condition and ammonia excretion of hens at the late lay-ing period. At 81 weeks old, 144 Lohmann Brown layer chickens were divided into four treatment groups included CON (hens fed basal feed), SP (basal feed + 0.3% S. platensis), SC (basal feed + 0.2% S. cerevisiae), and SPSC (basal feed + 0.3% S. platensis + 0.2% S. cerevisiae). At the end of the study, eggs, intestinal mucosa, digesta, excreta and blood sample were collected. Results showed that albumin index was higher (P<0.05) in SPSC group than in CON, SP and SC. The yolk index and yolk colour were greater (P<0.05) in SP and SPSC groups than in CON and SC. The erythrocyte values were high-er (P<0.05) in SP group compared to CON, SC and SPSC groups. The ileum pH was higher (P<0.05) in SP than in CON, SC and SPSC. Lactic acid bacteria counts were lower (P<0.05) in the caecum of SC and SPSC than in CON and SP groups. The lower (P<0.05) counts of lactose-negative Enterobacte-riaceae were shown in SC and SPSC than in CON. The excreta pH was lower (P<0.05) in SC group compared to CON, SP and SPSC groups. There were better (P<0.05) protein digestibility coefficient and nitrogen retention in SPSC group than others. Faecal ammonia decreased (P<0.05) in SP, SC and SPSC groups. In conclusion, S. platensis improved egg yolk index and colour, increased erythrocyte counts and played an important role in maintaining the balance of bacteria in the intestine resulting in reduced ammonia excretion. Dietary inclusion of S. cerevisiae reduced ammonia excretion of laying hens during the late laying period. 
Co-Authors A. R. Pratama H. I. Wahyuni H. Wahyuni I. Agusetyaningsih S. Sugiharto T. A. Sartono T. Sartono T. Yudiarti