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Pangi Syarwi
Prodi Ilmu Politik Universitas Bung Karno

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DISKURSUS TEORI DAN PRAKTIK MODEL DEMOKRASI KONSENSUS DI INDONESIA Pangi Syarwi
Jurnal Communitarian (Prodi Ilmu Politik) Vol 3, No 2 (2022): Jurnal Communitarian
Publisher : Universitas Bung Karno

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (380.139 KB) | DOI: 10.6789/jc.v3i2.174

Abstract

ABSTRAKJurnal ini membahas terkait model demokrasi konsensus di Inodonesia. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Sumber Primer diperoleh melalui wawancara. Parameter pemilihan narasumber yaitu memahami dan menguasai permasalahan demokrasi. Sumber sekunder diperoleh dari kajian pustaka yakni buku, jurnal, artikel, majalah dan laporan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa demokrasi Pancasila yang menerapkan konsensus sangat mengakomodir dan melindungi kelompok minoritas, mayoritas melindungi minoritas. Inilah ruh demokrasi konsensus. Sementara demokrasi voting yakni pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan satu orang, satu suara (one man one vote) seringkali mengabaikan kelompok minoritas karena soal menang dan kalah, kelompok mayoritas seringkali menang terhadap kelompok minoritas dalam setiap kali voting, pengambilan keputusan juga jauh dari semangat kehati-hatian (deliberatif). Kapasitas logika dan keterampilan pendiri bangsa (founding fathers) dalam membangun bangsa dan membuat konsep negara lebih kepada pendekatan efektifitas kualitatif (consensus) jangan sampai, hanya berfokus pada jumlah (quantity) sebagai panduan norma dan moral perilaku politik (valutional theory). Berdasarkan bentangan ‘empirical theory’ tersebut, mereka berhasil merumuskan konsep Pancasila dan meletakkan pondasi dan konsep dasar kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara dengan sangat baik.Keywords: Demokrasi Konsensus, Demokrasi Deliberatif, Voting, Musyawarah MufakatABSTRACTThis journal discusses the model of consensus democracy in Indonesia. This study uses qualitative methods with primary and secondary data sources. Primary sources were obtained through interviews. Parameters for selecting resource persons are understanding and mastering democratic issues. Secondary sources are obtained from literature review, namely books, journals, articles, magazines and research reports. The results of the study show that the Pancasila democracy that applies consensus is very accommodating and protects the minority group, the majority protects the minority. This is the spirit of consensus democracy. While voting democracy is decision making based on one person, one vote (one man one vote) often ignore minority groups because it's a matter of winning and losing, the majority group often wins against minority groups every timevoting, decision making is also far from the spirit of prudence ( deliberative). The capacity of logic and skills of the nation's founders (founding fathers) in building the nation and making the concept of the state more of a qualitative effectiveness approach ( consensus) should not, only focus on the number (quantity) as a guide to the norms and morals of political behavior (valuation theory). By stretchempirical theoryAfter that, they succeeded in formulating the concept of Pancasila and laying the foundations and basic concepts of the life of the nation and state very well. Keywords: Consensus Democracy, Deliberative Democracy, Voting, Consensus Deliberation 451 Jurnal Communitarian Vol.3 ,No.2, 24 Februari 2022 E-ISSN2686-058
Polarisasi Isu , Politik Identitias dan Keterbelahan Publik pada Pemilu Presiden Tahun 2019 Pangi Syarwi
Jurnal Communitarian (Prodi Ilmu Politik) Vol 4, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Communitarian
Publisher : Universitas Bung Karno

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56985/jc.v4i1.228

Abstract

ABSTRAK Jurnal ini membahas terkait polarisasi isu dan politik identitas yang menyebabkan keterbelahan publik pada pilpres 2019. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Sumber Primer diperoleh melalui wawancara. Parameter pemilihan narasumber yaitu memahami dan menguasai permasalahan politik identitas. Sumber sekunder diperoleh dari kajian pustaka yakni buku, jurnal, artikel, majalah dan laporan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa polarisasi isu, politik identitas telah menyebabkan kerusakan yang nyata merusak tenun kebangsaan pada pilpres 2019. Oleh karena itu, kita sebagai bangsa yang kuat, tidak boleh ada lagi tempat atau ruang untuk membuka “kotak pandora” politik identitas dengan polarisasi isu yang merusak persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa. Dengan demikian, karena kerusakan dan dampaknya terlalu besar, polarisasi dan politik identitas tidak boleh terjadi lagi. Setidaknya ada 3 (tiga) cara yang mesti dilakukan untuk meredam “politik identitas” dan “keterbelahan publik” dalam kontestasi elektotal pilpres 2024. Pertama; calon presiden minimal harus ada 3 pasang calon presiden, sehingga ada pemecang gelombang agar tidak terulang kembali kontestasi “rematch” pilpres 2014 dan 2019 dengan kekuatan “head to head” (bipolar) bertumpu pada dua kutub pasangan calon presiden. Kedua; harus ada penegakan hukum yang adil tanpa diskriminatif terhadap para buzzer politik, tim sukses, relawan maupun calon presiden apabila terbukti mengunakan politik identitas, sangsi yang keras dan tegas berupa pidana dan pemotogan masa waktu kampanye agar ada efek jerah. Ketiga; harus ada “konsensus” dan komitmen bersama untuk “tidak” lagi mengunakan “narasi politik identitas” dan isu-isu “SARA” yang jelas merusak tatanan kehidupan berbangsa, rasa persatuan dan kesatuan bernegara. Keywords: Polarisasi Isu, Keterbelahan Publik, Politik Identitas, Pemilu Serentak 2019ABSTRACT This journal discusses the polarization of issues and identity politics that caused public division in the 2019 presidential election. This study uses a qualitative method with primary and secondary data sources. Primary sources were obtained through interviews. Parameters for selecting resource persons are understanding and mastering the issue of identity politics. Secondary sources are obtained from literature review, namely books, journals, articles, magazines and research reports. The results show that the polarization of issues, identity politics has caused real damage to the fabric of nationality in the 2019 presidential election. Therefore, we as a strong nation, there should be no more place or space to open the “Pandora's box” of identity politics with polarization of issues that destroying national unity and integrity. Thus, because the damage and impact is too great, polarization and identity politics should not happen again. There are at least 3 (three) ways to reduce “identity politics” and “public division” in the 2024 presidential election electoral contestation. First; Presidential candidates must have at least 3 pairs of presidential candidates, so that there are breakers so that the 2014 and 2019 presidential election “rematch” contestations are not repeated, with the power of “head to head” (bipolar) resting on the two poles of presidential candidate pairs. Second; there must be fair law enforcement without being discriminatory against political buzzers, success teams, volunteers and presidential candidates if they are proven to use identity politics, harsh and firm sanctions in the form of crimes and cutting off the campaign period so that there is a deterrent effect. Third; there must be “consensus” and a shared commitment to “no longer” use “identity political narratives” and “SARA” issues which clearly damage the order of national life, the sense of unity and oneness of the state.Keywords: Polarization of Issues, Public Separation, Identity Politics, 2019 Simultaneous Elections