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All Journal Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Makara Journal of Health Research
Erik Idrus
Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430
Dentistry

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Measurement of Tooth Brushing Frequency, Time of Day and Duration of Adults and Children in Jakarta, Indonesia Rahardjo, Anton; Maharani, Diah A.; Kiswanjaya, Bramma; Idrus, Erik; Nicholson, Julie; Cunningham, Paul J.; Schäfer, Fred
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Epidemiological study of tooth brushing is essential to evaluate dental health of a country. Objective: To obtain data on tooth brushing frequency, time of day and duration from adults and children in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: Toothbrushes containing data loggers were distributed to 120 random families in Jakarta to record how many times a day, when and for how long subjects brushed their teeth. The families were each composed of a mother, father and two children aged between 6 and 15 years. Results: The mean brushing frequency of the population was 1.27 times per day. The majority of the tooth brushing (46%) was performed in the morning. The mean tooth brushing duration of this population was 57.29 seconds. The mothers’ tooth brushing frequencies tended to be higher than that of the other family members, and the fathers tended to brush their teeth longer. Conclusion: Effective education aimed at increasing both the duration and frequency of tooth brushing from once to twice per day is urgently required in Indonesia.
An experimental model of chemically-induced ulceration of the buccal mucosa of Mus musculus Idrus, Erik; Hartanti, Pratiwi Dwi; Suniarti, Dewi Fatma; Prasetyo, Sri Redjeki; Wimardhani, Yuniardini Septorini; Subarnbhesaj, Ajiravudh
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 23, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Ulceration caused by chemical agents used in dental practice for in-office or home-used is a common event, resulting in discomfort and pain. Treatments for such conditions are still being developed, requiring extensive experiments both in vitro and in vivo studies. At present, a standardized experimental mouse model for mucosal ulceration caused by a chemical inducer to study the pathogenesis of ulceration and to develop medications for treatment of ulceration is still not available. The aim of this study was to create a chemically induced model of ulceration of the buccal mucosa of mice. Methods: An in vivo study model of ulceration using a total of 9 mice (Swiss Webster) was performed. All mice received 70% acetic acid application on the left buccal mucosa, while the right buccal mucosa received only saline. Clinical and histological observations of ulcer formation and healing were performed, including the presence of redness and swelling, ulcer diameter, bodyweight as well as epithelial disintegration, dilation of blood vessels, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Results: Buccal mucosa application of 70% acetic acid generated ulcers on day 2, reached its peak on day 3 and recovered by day 14. The histological features of inflammation were also seen in the ulcer model, and the degree of inflammation was consistent with the day of ulcers. Conclusion: Chemical trauma by the administration of 70% acetic acid effectively induce ulceration on buccal mucosa in mice, and this method can be considered as a novel, reproducible, and clinically relevant model to study pathogenesis and therapeutic approach for treating oral mucosal ulceration.
Co-Authors Anton Rahardjo Bramma Kiswanjaya Cunningham, Paul J. Dewi Fatma Suniarti Hartanti, Pratiwi Dwi Julie Nicholson Maharani, Diah A. Prasetyo, Sri Redjeki Schäfer, Fred Subarnbhesaj, Ajiravudh Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani