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Reasons for Polygamy and Its Impact on Muslim Family Life: Experiences of Polygamous Perpetrators in Babat, Lamongan, Indonesia Abdul Hakim
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 3 No 1 (2022): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v3i1.529

The discourse on polygamy has sparked controversy after Salafi clerics have intensively campaigned and practised polygamy. Meanwhile, the issue of polygamy is opposed by feminist activists because it is considered haram. For this reason, this article describes the contested responses of scholars regarding polygamy and its impact on Muslim family life in Babat, Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia. Using empirical research and a case study approach, the authors find that the concept of polygamy most compatible with Islamic family law in Indonesia is the concept of polygamy proposed by most fiqh scholars. They argue that polygamy is allowed under strict conditions, especially justice. The opinions of these scholars became the basis for the perpetrators to practice polygamy because his first wife was barren, requests from his first wife and interest in other women. The author finds that most polygamists impact disharmony in fostering family life, evidenced by the first wife and second wife always fighting. In addition, the author also finds a harmonious polygamous family. The husband's role as the head of the family who is firm and supported by wives who accept each other is the key to harmony in the family life of polygamists.

THE PROBLEMS OF INHERITANCE DISTRIBUTION BEFORE DEATH Abdul Hakim; Ali Alkosibati
ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam Vol 23, No 1 (2022): Islamic Law and Economic
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/ua.v23i1.15225

This article discusses the inheritance distribution before death which is the preference of many people in Babat, East Java. They thought this distribution could prevent dispute among the heirs after the death of the predecessor. However, the dispute is unavoidable. This distribution is also problematic from the perspective of the four madhhabs. This is a qualitative and library research using the case study approach. This study shows that the inheritance distribution before death in the Babat area generally uses hibah method; only some apply the wasiat method. Although the inheritance distribution before death is problematic from the perspective of the four madhhabs in some cases, this is the choice of the Babat community because they consider this method to be more effective in preventing disputes. The inheritance distribution before death also plays an important role in minimizing family disputes in the area, especially if hibah and wasiat are practiced according to Islamic law and issues related to hibah are completely resolved to avoid disputes and struggles for rights in the future. يناقش هذا البحث عملية تقسيم الميراث قبل الوفاة التي صارت اختيار كثيرٍ من الناس في منطقة بابات. إنهم يعتبرون هذا التقسيم أحسن طريقة لدفع النزاعات في الأسرة بعد وفاة المورّث. لكن في الواقع، لا تسلم هذه الطريقة من النزاعات. ومن تلك النزاعات ما أدى إلى طرد زوج المورثة من المنزل. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن تقسيم الميراث قبل الوفاة في منطقة بابات يتضمن مشكلات فقهية من وجهة نظر المذاهب الأربعة، لا سيما عند ممارسة عقد الهبة أو الوصية. هذا البحث هو البحث النوعي الميداني والمكتبي باستخدام منهج دراسة الحالة. توصل هذا البحث إلى أن تقسيم الميراث قبل الوفاة في منطقة بابات تم على طريقة الهبة في الغالب، وقد يتم التقسيم أيضا على طريقة الوصية، لكنه نادر. وإن كان تقسيم الميراث قبل الوفاة يتضمن مشكلات من وجهة نظر المذاهب الأربعة في بعض الحالات، إلا أنه صار اختيار المجتمع في بابات؛ لأنهم يعتبرون أن هذا التقسيم أكثر فعالية في منع النزاع. ويلعب تقسيم الميراث قبل الوفاة أيضًا دورًا مهمًا في تقليل النزاعات الأسرية في منطقة بابات، خاصة إذا كانت الهبات والوصايا تمت على وفق ما قُرّر في الشريعة الإسلامية وتم حل القضايا المتعلقة بالموهوب مثل تسجيل شهادات الأراضي وغيره لتجنب النزاعات والتناضل من أجل الحقوق في المستقبل.

Online Marriage During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study of the Fatwas in Egypt, Iraq, Syria, and Saudi Arabia Abdul Hakim; Bagus Haziratul Qodsiyah
al-'adalah Vol 19, No 1 (2022): AL-'ADALAH
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/adalah.v19i1.10720

Online Marriage During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of the Fatwas in Egypt, Iraq, Syria, and Saudi Arabia. Online marriage is a new social phenomenon that has emerged since the arrival of the COVID-19 virus outbreak in all corners of the world. This phenomenon is widely discussed by people everywhere and is motivated by the desire to carry out pre-planned marriages and not wanting to postpone them. This study aims to discuss the above social phenomena from the point of view of fiqh, maqāshid al-sharīa, and fatwas in several Muslim countries. This type of research is qualitative in the form of a literature study using a conceptual and socio-legal approach. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the views of fiqh and fatwas in Muslim countries regarding online marriage are divided into two: Some allow it because they regard virtual meetings as meetings in one place (ittihād al-majlis) and consent and qabūl can be witnessed by both witnesses; but some forbid it because there is no physical and essential ittihād al-majlis, there are no witnesses, and the possibility of audio-visual manipulation. Viewed from the maqāshid al-sharīa perspective, online marriage is also not suitable because the purpose of marriage may not be realized.

AL-AHRUF AS-SAB‘AH AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH AL-QIRÂ’ÂT; Theory and Refutation of Orientalist Criticism of the Qur’an: AL-AHRUF AS-SAB‘AH DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN AL-QIRÂ’ÂT; Teori dan Sanggahan Atas Kritik Orientalis Terhadap Al-Qur’an Abdul Hakim; Oka Putra Pratama
Takwil: Journal of Quran and Hadith Studies Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci

This article aims to determine the nature of al-ahruf as-sab‘ah and al-qirâ’ât. In addition, this article also refutes some orientalist criticisms and negative accusations against the Qur’an by referring to the opinions of classical and contemporary scholars. This article uses a qualitative research method with the type of library research. The approach used is the interpretation approach and ulum al-Qur’an. This study found that al-ahruf as-sab‘ah was originally a rukhsah given to Muslims at that time because many Muslims had difficulty reading the Qur’an with one kind of letter. However, the rukhsah is removed after the loss of excuse. At the time of Caliph Uthman, the Qur'an was written and recorded only qirâ’ât following the Quraish lahjah (dialect) and left other qirâ’ât to avoid disputes in the reading of the Qur’an. The bookkeeping and writing of the Qur'an at the time of Caliph Uthman was carried out very carefully with high accuracy and witnessed by many friends who memorized the Qur'an and were following al-‘ardhah al-akhîrah. This refutes the orientalists who doubt the authenticity of the Qur’an by accusing the existence of negligence, political motives, the banishment of some al-ahruf as-sab‘ah, different qirâ’ât, and Arabic writing.

Annulment of Marriage and Khuluk in Family Law in Muslim Countries: A Comparative Study of Family Law in Syria, Sudan, Turkey and Indonesia Abdul Hakim
Alhurriyah Vol 7, No 2 (2022): July - December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/alhurriyah.v7i2.5561

This research discusses the renewal of family law which regulates marriage, child-rearing, inheritance, and so on in several Muslim countries. In line with the times, countries, where the majority of the population is Muslim, have begun to reform their respective country's legal systems, both criminal law, and civil law. The research in this article aims to determine the comparison of one country to another according to the level of secular, liberal, or viewed from another side in efforts to reform family law. The research in this article is qualitative research using the literature study method. The research in this article uses a comparative and historical approach. Sources of data in this study are legal products of Islamic countries, scientific journals, and other supporting documents. The research in this article finds that Syria and Sudan are examples of Islamic countries that still maintain Islamic law and its values in their laws and regulations. Meanwhile, Turkey has gone far beyond Islamic law and adopted Western legal standards. Indonesia did not adopt Islamic law as a whole and also did not adopt Western law as a whole.

THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN NUSYŪZ AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: The Relevance of Muhammad Sa’id Ramadhan Al-Buthi Thought in Contemporary Context Abdul Hakim; Ali Alkosibati
Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 15, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ahwal.2022.15103

Domestic violence is often justified as being legitimized in fiqh. It culminates in a discussion about nusyūz when a husband can beat his wife in response to her resistance. Al-Buthi is a scholar who discusses nusyūz and domestic violence with great vigor. In the context of defending the compatibility of Islamic law in the contemporary era, he argues that nusyūz and domestic violence are not the same. This paper explains Al-Buthi's thoughts on the distinction between nusyūz and domestic violence. Data were gathered by investigating the works of Al-Buthi and other scholars' works related to his thought on the discussed topic and then analyzed qualitatively. This study argues that Al-Buthi emphasizes that nusyūz in Islam is different from domestic violence. In the case of nusyūz, even though the husband is allowed to beat his wife, it is not permissible to beat her seriously. If there are defects caused, then the husband must be responsible. By just refining the meaning of beating, Al-Buthi provides an understanding that the nusyūz rules in Islamic law are still relevant to the current context, particularly to women's rights. Apart from his argument on the stance on women's rights, his thoughts tend to the side of Islamic legal conservatism.[Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga seringkali dijustifikasi sebagai praktek yang dilegitimasi dalam fikih. Puncaknya dalam diskusi tentang nusyūz, ketika seorang suami dapat memukul istrinya sebagai respon atas pembangkangannya. Al-Buthi adalah seorang ulama yang cukup intens membahas nusyūz dan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Dalam konteks mempertahankan kompatibilitas hukum Islam di era kontemporer, ia berpendapat bahwa nusyūz dan KDRT tidaklah sama. Tulisan ini menjelaskan pemikiran Al-Buthi tentang distingsi antara nusyūz dan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Data dikumpulkan dengan menelaah karya-karya Al-Buthi dan artikel jurnal yang terkait dengan pemikirannya dan kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Al-Buthi hanya menegaskan nusyūz dalam Islam berbeda dengan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Dalam kasus nusyūz, meskipun suami diperbolehkan memukul istrinya, tidak boleh memukulnya dengan serius. Jika ada cacat yang ditimbulkan, maka suamilah yang harus bertanggung jawab. Dengan hanya memperhalus makna dan konsekuensi memukul, Al-Buthi berargumentasi bahwa aturan nusyūz dalam hukum Islam masih relevan dengan konteks saat ini, khususnya menyangkut hak-hak perempuan. Terlepas dari argumennya membela hak perempuan, pemikirannya cukup lebih lebih menonjolkan konservatisme hukum Islam.]

Controversy Over Sound System Rules in Places of Worship: a Fiqh Review Abdul Hakim
JURNAL PENELITIAN KEISLAMAN Vol. 19 No. 1 (2023): Contemporary Islamic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/jpk.v19i1.5407

Pengeras suara merupakan perlengkapan yang sangat penting keberadaannya dalam tempat ibadah. Hanya saja, Sebagian masyarakat merasa terganggu dengan penggunaan pengeras suara yang berlebihan dan dengan volume yang terlalu keras. Penelitian dalam artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui butir-butir aturan mengenai pengeras suara di masjid dan musala, mengetahui posisi fikih terhadap butir-butir aturan tersebut dan mengetahui relevansi aturan tersebut untuk diaplikasikan dalam kehidupan masyarakat di Indonesia. Penelitian dalam artikel ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan metode studi pustaka. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah analisis konten. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah Surat Edaran Menteri Agama dan jurnalilmiah yang relevan. Penelitian dalam artikel ini menemukan bahwa aturan penggunaan pengeras suara yang dikeluarkan oleh Menteri Agama tidak bertentangan dengan fikih. Untuk memberlakukan aturan tentang penggunan pengeras suara di masjid perlu adanya sosialisasi antara pihak pemerintah dengan masyarakat. MUI menghimbau agar implementasi aturan pengeras suara masjid tidak digeneralisir dan memperhatikan kearifan lokal serta tidak kaku dalam penerapannya.

Online Marriage During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study of the Fatwas in Egypt, Iraq, Syria, and Saudi Arabia Abdul Hakim; Bagus Haziratul Qodsiyah
al-'adalah Vol 19, No 1 (2022): AL-'ADALAH
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/adalah.v19i1.10720

Online Marriage During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of the Fatwas in Egypt, Iraq, Syria, and Saudi Arabia. Online marriage is a new social phenomenon that has emerged since the arrival of the COVID-19 virus outbreak in all corners of the world. This phenomenon is widely discussed by people everywhere and is motivated by the desire to carry out pre-planned marriages and not wanting to postpone them. This study aims to discuss the above social phenomena from the point of view of fiqh, maqāshid al-sharīa, and fatwas in several Muslim countries. This type of research is qualitative in the form of a literature study using a conceptual and socio-legal approach. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the views of fiqh and fatwas in Muslim countries regarding online marriage are divided into two: Some allow it because they regard virtual meetings as meetings in one place (ittihād al-majlis) and consent and qabūl can be witnessed by both witnesses; but some forbid it because there is no physical and essential ittihād al-majlis, there are no witnesses, and the possibility of audio-visual manipulation. Viewed from the maqāshid al-sharīa perspective, online marriage is also not suitable because the purpose of marriage may not be realized.

Keselamatan Non-Muslim Pedalaman dan Orang Eropa: Studi Konsep Ahl Al-Fatrah dan Aplikasinya di Era Modern Abdul Hakim; Ali Alkosibati
Al-Banjari : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman Vol. 22 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Pascasarjana UIN ANTASARI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18592/al-banjari.v22i1.7417

Abstract This article discusses the theory of ahl al-fatrah and its relevance to be applied in the current era. This article compares the theories of experts regarding ahl al-fatrah and the legal consequences of ahl al-fatrah after death. There are two questions that will be answered in this article, namely the status of the interior people or European people who do not know Islam properly, will they be tortured in Hell? What are the limits and conditions for people to be judged as ahl al-fatrah and safe from Hell? This article finds that some expert opinions point to the relevance of today's ahl al-fatrah status to people living in remote areas or in Europe who are far from correct Islamic information. However, another opinion states that a person who can think well, but does not believe in religion, is considered an infidel even though he has never heard of Islam.Keywords: Non-Muslim, Ahl Al-Fatrah, Modern EraAbstrakArtikel ini membahas teori ahl al-fatrah serta relevansinya untuk diaplikasikan di era sekarang. Artikel ini membandingkan teori para ahli mengenai ahl al-fatrah serta konsekuensi hukum ahl al-fatrah setelah meninggal dunia. Ada dua pertanyaan yang akan dijawab dalam artikel ini yaitu status orang pedalaman atau masyarakat Eropa yang tidak mengenal Islam secara benar, apakah mereka akan disiksa di Neraka?. Apa batas dan ketentuan orang dihukumi ahl al-fatrah dan dihukumi selamat dari Neraka?. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa beberapa pendapat ahli mengarah pada relevansi status ahl al-fatrah di zaman sekarang pada orang yang hidup di pedalaman atau di Eropa yang jauh dari informasi Islam yang benar. Namun pendapat lain menyatakan orang yang bisa berfikir dengan baik, namun tidak percaya agama, maka ia dihukumi kafir meskipun tidak pernah mendengar Islam.Kata Kunci: Non-Muslim, Ahl Al-Fatrah, Era Modern

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