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All Journal Media Kedokteran Hewan
Olatunde Babatunde Akanbi
Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary

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Pathology and Characterization of Fowlpox Virus Infection in a Turkey-Chicken Backyard Flock, Nigeria Olatunde Babatunde Akanbi
Media Kedokteran Hewan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2022): Media Kedokteran Hewan
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkh.v33i3.2022.177-187

Abstract

Cutaneous scabs were seen on the nares and shanks in three grower turkeys in a mixed turkey-chicken flock in Langtang-north LGA of Plateau State, Nigeria. A chicken in the flock had diphtheritic membrane covering the mucous membranes of the oro-pharynx and the turkeys had cutaneous pox lesions on the nares and shank. Fowlpox virus infection was diagnosed by gross and histopathology and confirmed by isolation of the virus in chorioallantoic membrane of 9-12 weeks chicken embryonating eggs. The DNA of Fowl Pox Virus (FPV) was detected in the cutaneous scabs of the turkey and chicken using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) which amplified a 578 base pairs fragment of the 4b core protein gene. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the fowlpox virus responsible for this infection clustered with the sublineage A1 genotype of clade A of fowlpox virus and shares 98% homology with the vaccine strain produced in Nigeria. The sequence has been deposited in the GenBank under the accession number MK435242. Our results confirmed the presence of FPV in the turkeys and suggest a predisposition by the chickens. We therefore suggest vaccination for small holder poultry to mitigate against mortality in turkeys and chickens and molecular epidemiology of fowlpox viruses in Nigeria to unravel viral evolution.
Escherichia Coli Infections, and Antimicrobial Resistance in Poultry Flocks, in North Central Nigeria Olatunde Babatunde Akanbi; Isaac Dayo Olorunshola; Peter Osilojo; Eunice Ademola; Godwin Agada; Julius Aiyedun; Christiana Ibironke Odita; Shola David Ola-Fadunsin
Media Kedokteran Hewan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2022): Media Kedokteran Hewan
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkh.v33i3.2022.188-207

Abstract

To investigate Eschericiacoli infections in poultry flocks, 291 tissue samples from 237 necropsied carcasses submitted from ninety-nine (99) poultry flocks in north central Nigeria were analysed. These flocks comprised layer chicken, broiler, pullet, cockerel, turkey, quail, guinea fowl and ducks. Tissue samples were pre-enriched in 10 mL buffered peptone water media and aliquots were inoculated into selective enrichment broth, sub-cultured onEosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar and MacConkey agar (MCA) and colonies of E. coli was examined based on cultural morphological characteristics. Layer poultry and laying quails exhibited reproductive lesions which correlates with history of disruption and reduction in egg production. Antibiotics resistance rate was significant (p <0.01) with macrolide and penicillin classes been the most resistant antibiotics in layers and broiler, while quinolones and aminoglycoside were most significantly susceptible (p <0.01). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was found in 56% of the E. coli isolates, with high prevalence in younger birds.
Co-Authors Christiana Ibironke Odita Eunice Ademola Godwin Agada Isaac Dayo Olorunshola Julius Aiyedun Peter Osilojo Shola David Ola-Fadunsin