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Mita Adhisti, Mita
Departemen Pengelolaan dan Kepatuhan Laporan Bank Indonesia
Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Free Movement of Skilled Labor Within the Asean Economic Community Adhisti, Mita
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol 6 No 2 (2017): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Economics Development Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/edaj.v6i2.22217

Abstract

This study discusses how the free movement of skilled labor policy under the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) scenario enhances opportunities for labor mobility from low-skilled labor countries, what challenges will be faced, and how this policy impacts their economies. The implementation of the AEC’s free movement of skilled labor policy is projected to face challenges such as mismatched labor qualifications, fulfilling ASEAN commitment, time for implementation of ASEAN commitments, and controlling the flow of illegal migrant workers. However, ASEAN leaders already set some supporting policies to overcome challenges from this system by improving labor market information, encouraging language and skills training, managing government and public supports, expanding mutual recognition arrangements and enhancing social protection for migrant workers. If these supporting policies can be implemented, the AEC’s free movement of skilled labor policy will improve the quality of human resources in ASEAN, especially from lower-middle income countries including Indonesia, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Thailand. As the results, those six countries are expected to increase the high-skilled employment rates by 0.3 to 1.4 percent and the wage rates up to 10-20 percent in 2025. Thus, the projected increases in the employment and wage rates of ASEAN skilled labor will induce an expansion of the ASEAN economic growth to 7.1 percent in 2025.
PERHITUNGAN NILAI MANFAAT DAN BIAYA MIGRASI INTERNASIONAL TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA Adhisti, Mita
Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan JESP Volume 15 Nomor 1, April 2014
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Abstract: The low employment and the standard wage or salary in the country into individ­ual driving factors for migrating abroad to find work. This study specifically addresses the calculation of benefits gained migrant workers during their working lives and costs to be incurred during the placement process in South Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, and Taiwan. The calculation of the estimated value of net benefits is the result of a reduction in the value of benefits and costs, referring to the model of the value of the benefits and costs of international migration developed by Massey et al (1993) The results of calculations indicate that the esti­mated net benefits received by migrant workers in South Korea and Taiwan during the three-year period amounted to 234.5 and 130.8 million. As for the working period of two years, the estimated net value of the benefit received TKI Singapore and Malaysia amounted to 48.5 million and 39 million. The results of the calculations can be used as an alternative choice in the decision making process of individuals to choose the destination country of employment. Abstrak: Rendahnya kesempatan kerja maupun standar upah atau gaji di dalam negeri men­jadi faktor pendorong individu untuk migrasi ke luar negeri untuk mendapatkan kerja. Studi ini secara khusus membahas perhitungan manfaat yang didapatkan TKI selama masa kerjanya dan biaya yang harus dikeluarkan selama mengikuti proses penempatan di Korea Selatan, Malaysia, Singapura, dan Taiwan. Perhitungan estimasi nilai manfaat bersih yang merupa­kan hasil pengurangan antara nilai manfaat dan biaya, mengacu pada model nilai manfaat dan biaya migrasi internasional yang dikembangkan oleh Massey et al (1993).Hasil perhi­tungan menunjukkan bahwa estimasi manfaat bersih yang diterima TKI yang bekerja di Korea Selatan dan Taiwan selama masa kerja tiga tahun adalah sebesar 234,5 dan 130,8 juta rupiah. Sedangkan untuk masa kerja dua tahun, estimasi nilai manfaat bersih yang diterima TKI Singapura dan Malaysia sebesar 48,5 juta rupiah dan 39 juta rupiah. Hasil perhitungan dapat digunakan sebagai pilihan alternatif dalam proses pengambilan keputusan individu untuk memilih negara tujuan kerja. 
Free Movement of Skilled Labor Within the Asean Economic Community Adhisti, Mita
Economics Development Analysis Journal Vol 6 No 2 (2017): Economics Development Analysis Journal
Publisher : Economics Development Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/edaj.v6i2.22217

Abstract

This study discusses how the free movement of skilled labor policy under the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) scenario enhances opportunities for labor mobility from low-skilled labor countries, what challenges will be faced, and how this policy impacts their economies. The implementation of the AEC’s free movement of skilled labor policy is projected to face challenges such as mismatched labor qualifications, fulfilling ASEAN commitment, time for implementation of ASEAN commitments, and controlling the flow of illegal migrant workers. However, ASEAN leaders already set some supporting policies to overcome challenges from this system by improving labor market information, encouraging language and skills training, managing government and public supports, expanding mutual recognition arrangements and enhancing social protection for migrant workers. If these supporting policies can be implemented, the AEC’s free movement of skilled labor policy will improve the quality of human resources in ASEAN, especially from lower-middle income countries including Indonesia, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Thailand. As the results, those six countries are expected to increase the high-skilled employment rates by 0.3 to 1.4 percent and the wage rates up to 10-20 percent in 2025. Thus, the projected increases in the employment and wage rates of ASEAN skilled labor will induce an expansion of the ASEAN economic growth to 7.1 percent in 2025.
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