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All Journal Jurnal Fisika FLUX Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Teknologi
Gusti Atika Urfa
Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Neutron Generated during Proton Bombardment in Water Molecule Gusti Atika Urfa; Nurma Sari; Amar Vijai Nasrulloh
Jurnal Fisika Flux: Jurnal Ilmiah Fisika FMIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat Vol 20, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Fisika Flux: Jurnal Ilmiah Fisika FMIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Publisher : Lambung Mangkurat University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/flux.v20i1.14684

Abstract

Proton therapy is a treatment modality which can deliver dose precisely to cancer tumor in comparison to photon therapy, However, study about the biological effect of proton therapy are not well known. In this study, simulation of proton bombardment with energy 110 MeV to water is conducted using Geant4 software. The selection of water as the object of proton bombardment due to majority of human body is consisted of water. Water molecule in this simulation is a cube shaped with 10 x 10 x 10 cmand surrounded by PMMA material with 0.5 cm thickness. From the simulation results, it can be seen that <2% neutrons particle are formed due to the interaction of proton particles with water material. Small dose of neutron can be dangerous for body because it has high biological effectiveness and thus even a small absorbed dose might cause negative side effects in the patient.
Monte Carlo Simulation to Test the Effectiveness of Crystal Detector Length for PHITS-Based PET Modality Gusti Atika Urfa; Nurma Sari; Totok Wianto; Sri C Wahyono; Arfan E Fahrudin; Amar V Nasrulloh
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Teknologi (JPFT) Vol 9 No 1 (2023): Januari - Juni
Publisher : Department of Physics Education, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpft.v9i1.4896

Abstract

PET (Positron-emission tomography) is used to determine physiological and metabolic functions in the body. Monte Carlo simulation is an important part of PET imaging, and the Particle Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS) is a simulation platform that can be used to perform Monte Carlo simulations. This study uses a Monte Carlo simulation based on PHITS to determine the range of gamma absorption with an energy of 511 keV in a scintillation detector crystal material. The gamma absorption range determines the effective crystal length in the PET modality. The simulation process is carried out by shooting Gamma at various types of materials, which are the materials used in PET scintillation crystals. The materials used in this simulation are NaI (Sodium Iodide), BaF2 (Barium Florida), BGO (Bismuth Germanate), and GSO (Gadolinium Oxyorthosilicate), considering their atomic number and crystal density. The crystal material is capable of absorbing gamma radiation with an energy of 511 keV with detailed crystal lengths for each NaI crystal of 0.26 cm; 0.25 cm BaF2 crystals; 0.1cm BGO crystals; and 0.18 cm GSO crystals. The crystal length from this simulation is smaller than the commercially available crystal length (range 1-3 cm). Based on the crystal length data, the most effective crystal for absorbing gamma radiation is the BGO crystal.
Co-Authors Amar V Nasrulloh Amar Vijai Nasrulloh Arfan E Fahrudin Nurma Sari Nurma Sari Sri C Wahyono Totok Wianto