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Is Stem Cell a Curer or an Obstruction? Darmayanti, Siska; Triana, Rina; Chouw, Angliana; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 1, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v1i1.12

Abstract

Stem cell research and therapy are progressing these days dramatically. Stem cell therapy holds enormous treatment potential for many diseases which currently have no or limited therapeutic options. Unfortunately, this potential also comes with side-effects. In this review, the positive and negative effects of regulation of stem cells will be explained. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which able to develop into many different cells of types in the body during early life and growth. There are five types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, somatic stem cells, fetal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Stem cell transplantation is one form of stem cell therapy, it comes with different techniques sourced, and those are autologous and allogeneic transplantation stem cells. In an autologous transplant, a patients blood-forming stem cells are collected, meanwhile, in an allogeneic transplant, target cells are replaced with new stem cells obtained from a donor or donated umbilical cord blood. Its abilities to maintain the phenotype, self-renewing and differentiate itself into specialized cells, give rise to stem cell as an innovation for the treatment of various diseases. In the clinical setting, stem cells are being explored for different conditions, such as in tissue repair and regeneration and autoimmune diseases therapy. But along with its benefit, stem cell therapy also holds some harm. It is known that the treatment using stem cell for curing and rehabilitation has the risk of tumor formation.Keywords: stem cell, therapy, transplantation, tumorigenic, mesenchymal stem cell, allogeneic
Resveratrol: A Sirtuin Activator and The Fountain of Youth Meiliana, Anna; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika; Wijaya, Andi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v7i1.16

Abstract

BACKGROUND: An organism’s lifespan is inevitably accompanied by the aging process, which involves functional decline, a steady increase of a plethora of chronic diseases, and ultimately death. Thus, it has been an ongoing dream of mankind to improve healthspan and extend life.CONTENT: There are only a few proposed aging interventions: caloric restriction, exercise, and the use of low-molecular-weight compounds, including spermidine, metformin, resveratrol, and rapamycin. Resveratrol, a constituent of red wine, has long been suspected to have cardioprotective effects. Interest in this compound has been renewed in recent years, first from its identification as a chemopreventive agent for skin cancer, and subsequently from reports that it activates sirtuin deacetylases and extends the lifespans of lower organisms. Resveratrol have been shown to prevent and reduce the severity of age-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, stroke, myocardial infarct, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, tumors and metabolic syndrome, along with their ability to extend lifespan.SUMMARY: The purpose of aging research is the identification of interventions that may avoid or ameliorate the ravages of time. In other words, the quest is for healthy aging, where improved longevity is coupled to a corresponding healthspan extension. It is only by extending the healthy human lifespan that we will truly meet the premise of the Roman poet Cicero: “No one is so old as to think that he may not live a year.”KEYWORDS: aging, caloric restriction, mimetic, healthspan, sirtuin activator
Cancer Stem Cell Hypothesis: Implication for Cancer Prevention and Treatment Meiliana, Anna; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika; Wijaya, Andi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v8i1.190

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a disease of genomic instability, evasion of immune cells, and adaptation of the tumor cells to the changing environment. Genetic heterogeneity caused by tumors and tumor microenvironmental factors forms the basis of aggressive behavior of some cancer cell populations.CONTENT: Cancers arise in self-renewing cell populations and that the resulting cancers, like their normal organ counterparts, are composed of hierarchically organized cell populations. Self – renewing “cancer stem cells” (CSC) maintain tumor growth and generate the diverse populations constituting the tumor bulk. CSCs in multiple tumor types have been demonstrated to be relatively resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. The clinical relevance of these studies has been supported by neoadjuvant breast cancer trials that demonstrated increases in the proportions of CSCs after therapy. The CSC hypothesis has tremendously important clinical implications.SUMMARY: In summary, a large and accumulating body of evidence supports the CSC hypothesis, which has important implications for cancer prevention and therapy. The ultimate test of this hypothesis will require clinical trials demonstrating that targeting of these pathways reduces cancer incidence and improves outcomes for patients with cancer.KEYWORDS: Somatic mutation, tumor heterogeneity, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, CSC niche