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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Technology (IJERT)
Hans-Dieter Barke
University of Muenster
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Education Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Other

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Chemical Bonding: From Simple Bond Forces to Electron Pairs Hans-Dieter Barke; Nina Harsch
Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Technology Vol 2, No 3 (2022): IJERT: December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijert.v2i3.57268

Abstract

In chemistry, there are two equivalent ways of describing chemical bonding between atoms in a molecule: bond forces and electron pairs. Chemical bonding by bond forces may be introduced already in early chemistry classes – without having relations to the nucleus-shell model of atoms. Standard bonding forces can be defined easily, such as four bonds in the case of the C atom within a CH4 molecule or two bonds in the case of the O atom within an H2O molecule. Accordingly, proposals for chemistry education are discussed and ways of instruction are compared.
Co-Authors Nina Harsch