This research aimed to ascertain to what extent the Non Performing Loan (NPL) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) affected Return on Assets (ROA) in state- owned commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2022. The data collection techniques included documentation and a literature review. It employed a purposive sampling in which the research population comprised state- owned commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2022, with a sample size of four companies. Furthermore, the data analysis was done through classical assumption tests, hypothesis testing, and multiple regression analysis. The findings indicated that: 1) Partially, Non-Performing Loan did not have a significant effect on Return on Assets. 2) Partially, Loan to Deposit Ratio had a significant effect on Return on Assets. 3) Simultaneously, the variables Non- Performing Loan and Loan to Deposit Ratio had a significant effect on Return on Assets.