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Siti Susanti
Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary

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Morphological Structure and Fertility of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) Pollen based on Microscopic Data Qori Nur Fauziah; Siti Susanti
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 13 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Biologi
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v13i2.4380

Abstract

Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) is the only species of the genus Gnetum that is quickly grown and cultivated in Indonesia. Melinjo is also an economically valuable plant, and the most famous product is emping as a potential small industrial sector commodity and brightly projected in the development of non-oil and gas exports. However, taxonomic studies of pollen morphology of Melinjo are rare, and the pollen fertility needs to study to increase Melinjo production and answer the demand for seeds. Morphological characterization can be used for taxonomic studies such as The Pollen Dispersal Units (PDUs), polarity, shape, symmetry, apertura, and skulptur (ornamentation) (Hasanuddin, 2018). Melinjo pollen has a level of germination (if it did without treatment pra-germination) only 1 – 2% during six months, and reach 100% during 12 months (World Agroforesty, 2021). Further, if pollen is saved in an organic liquid, it can increase the level of germination during 11 weeks to reach 80,63% (Kairani, 2010). The experiment aimed to study pollen morphology, ultrastructure, and fertility of pollen Melinjo. Pollen morphology, ultrastructure, and fertility were carried out by removing the blooming strobilus at branch Melinjo trees. Acetylysis method is used to observe the pollen morphology, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is used to observe exin ornamentation, and aperture, and tetrazolium staining method is used for fertility test of Melinjo pollen.
Anatomical Structure and Histochemical Study Male Strobilus of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) Wenni Eka Damayanti; Siti Susanti
Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol 14 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bib.v14i2.6321

Abstract

Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) is a plant from the Gymnospermae has many benefit, one of them is the melinjo male strobilus which is used as a vegetable. In melinjo plants there are various kinds of secondary metabolite compounds, especially the organs of leaves, seeds and seed coats, so that apart from being used as food ingredient it can be used as traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the anatomical structure and content of secondary metabolites in melinjo male strobilus. Observations of anatomical structures were made using paraffin methods, and observations of secondary metabolite content used histochemical tests using reagents on slices of fresh preparations then observed with a light microscope and were documented using OptiLab. The results of the observations revealed that anatomical structure of the nodes and internodes at the base, middle, and tip does not revealed that there was structural differences that composed of epidermal tissue, parenchyma tissue, and vascular bundle with xylem and phloem, but there were differences in size that are getting smaller from the base to tip. The structure of the male flowers revealed that there were structural differences with differentiation from the tip to the base of the anther with increasingly size of the cells epidermal tissue, degradation of parenchyma tissue at the middle layer and tapetum, and pollen have been formed. Histochemical test at melinjo male strobilus contained secondary metabolites such as phenolics, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins.
Co-Authors Qori Nur Fauziah Wenni Eka Damayanti