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Kusmaryanto, Carolus Borromeus
Jurnal Orientasi Baru
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Eugenik Dalam Era Genetik Kusmaryanto, C.B.
Jurnal Orientasi Baru VOLUME 15, NOMOR 01-02, OKTOBER 2006
Publisher : Jurnal Orientasi Baru

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Abstract

The word eugenic comes from Greek words eu + genes (eugenes) which means wellborn or good in birth. Although the word eugenics was coined only in 1883 by Francis Galtom, the practice of eugenics dated back at least to Plato. It reached its peak in the filst half of 20th century, especially during Hitler's time. Hitler tried to purify Arian race by eliminating Jews, homosexual person, hippies, handicapped person etc. From that time on, the word eugenics has a negative connotation. Unfortunately, eugenics was reborn in our time where the technological developments grow rapidly. Eugenic reemerges in various new forms and various situations such as abortion, assisted reproduction, pre natal diagnostic, cloning, genetic engineering and genomic mapping. The problems of eugenic relate mainly to justice, equality between genders, definition of good - bad and above all it relates with the basic human right to live.
ETIKA BIOTEKNOLOGI MODERN Kusmaryanto, Carolus Borromeus
Jurnal Orientasi Baru VOLUME 25, NOMOR 02, OKTOBER 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Orientasi Baru

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Our modern life cannot be separated from biotechnology because biotechnology affects all of our lives and has altered everything we encounter in life. What we eat everyday and most of the medicines to cure our illness are the products of biotechnology. The rapid development of biotechnology in modern era creates various ethical problems. When it is applied to human beings, it creates the hardest ethical problem that cannot be resolved easily, while most of non human being biotechnology creates ethical problem which can be resolved if rigorously applied. Both of them need prudence and clear ethical guidance and principles which is provided by this article.
Human Genome and The Beginning of Human Life Kusmaryanto, C.B.
Jurnal Orientasi Baru VOLUME 16, NOMOR 01, APRIL 2007
Publisher : Jurnal Orientasi Baru

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Pertanyaan mengenai kapan manusia mulai hidup merupakan pertanyaan yang sudah sangat kuno dan belum bisa dijawab secara memuaskan. Pertanyaan itu baru bisa dijawab secara meyakinkan pada dekade terakhir ini oleh karena perkembangan ilmu biologi, khususnya genetika dan embriologi manusia. Dengan selesainya program Human Genome Project, sekarang kita sudah bisa mengetahui satuan gen manusia beserta fungsinya. Manusia mempunyai sekitar 40.000 gen yang berbeda dengan makhluk hidup lain dan yang bersama-sama membentuk hidup manusia. Kepenuhan kepemilikan gen manusia yang lengkap dalam 46 kromosom itu terjadi dalam pembuahan dan inilah yang menandai permulaan hidup manusia. Oleh karena itu, secara biologis tiada keraguan bahwa hidup manusia itu mulai pada saat selesainya proses pembuahan ovum oleh sperma.
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