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Journal : Madani: Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal

Konstruk Teori dan Paradigma Pengetahuan M, Marilang; N, Nurhaerat
Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol 2, No 3 (2024): Madani, Vol. 2, No. 3 2024
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12702832

Abstract

The aim of this research is to explain, analyze and understand the theoretical construct of the philosophy of science paradigm. The type of research used is data collection techniques, library research, which examines, searches for and collects information from various sources. Basically, a theory is formulated to explain existing phenomena. Building a theory which is an abstract of a number of concepts agreed upon in definitions will experience development, and this development occurs when the theory is no longer relevant and no longer functions to solve problems. Acceptance of a theory in the scientific community does not mean that the theory has absolute truth. Every theory is always influenced by the assumptions and methods of the scientist who formulated it. The ability of a theory to predict what will happen is a criterion for the validity of the theory. Therefore, it is necessary to understand theoretical constructs as a basis for scientific research.
Epistemologi Empirisme M, Marilang; Haq, Fitri Maylan
Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol 2, No 3 (2024): Madani, Vol. 2, No. 3 2024
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12702855

Abstract

This research aims to explain the epistemology of empiricism and the figures who support this school. To obtain relevant research results, this research uses data collection techniques or literature studies. The results of this research are that epistemology examines what science really is, where the source of knowledge comes from, and how the process occurs. Epistemology requires scientific methods in obtaining knowledge, one of these methods is empiricism, which emerged as a reaction to the weaknesses of rationalism. Empiricism is a doctrine where the source of knowledge must be sought in experience or the sensory. The supporting figures for this flow are:
Struktur dan Hierarki Ilmu (al-Ghazali dan al-Farabi) Herman, Muhammad Akbar; M, Marilang; Nonci, Muhammad Hajir
Madani: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol 2, No 1 (2024): Madani, Vol. 2, No. 1 2024
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10539724

Abstract

The aim of this research is to understand the meaning of the structure and hierarchy of science, the structure and hierarchy of science according to al-Ghazali, and the structure and hierarchy of science according to al-Farabi. The results of this research show: 1) The structure of science is a systematic collection of knowledge consisting of components that are interrelated or coordinated so that they can become a theoretical basis or provide an explanation. The hierarchy of knowledge is a sequence or level of knowledge; 2) Regarding scientific terminology, Al-Ghazali tries to map it into three global categories based on the level of obligation, source, and social function. In an ontological perspective, Al-Ghazali divides science into Fardhu 'Ain and Fardhu Kifayah. In the epistemological framework, science, according to Al-Ghazali, can be mapped into two, namely Sharia Science and Sharia Ghairu. In Al-Ghazali's reading, all knowledge that is included in the framework of sharia science is commendable. However, this is not the case with knowledge that falls within the domain of sharia-ghiru science. This knowledge is mapped into three domains, namely: praiseworthy, disgraceful, and neutral (mubah); 3) Al-Farabi classified science into two large groups, namely 'Aqliyyah (intellectual) sciences, which were then called Philosophical Sciences, and Naqliyyah (doctrinal) sciences, which were then called Religious Sciences.