Cahyono, Muhammad
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environment, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 41032,

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Land Cover and Climate Change Impact on River Discharge: Case Study of Upper Citarum River Basin Kuntoro, Arno Adi; Cahyono, Muhammad; Soentoro, Edy Anto
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 50, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (672.336 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2018.50.3.4

Abstract

The Upper Citarum River Basin is the main catchment area of the Saguling Dam, the most upstream of three cascade dams in the Citarum River Basin. During the last 30 years, rapid economic development has led to an increase of water extraction and land conversion from green area to developed area. Also, evidence of climate change can clearly be seen from the climatological records of a number of climatology stations in this basin over the last few decades. In this study, the effect of anthropogenic and climate change in the Upper Citarum River Basin river discharge was simulated using the Sacramento Catchment Model. Historical river discharge, rainfall, climatology, and land cover from 1995 to 2009 were used for model calibration and verification. The multi-model mean monthly rainfall and the temperature projection taken from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) for the RCP6 and RCP8.5 climate change scenarios were statistically downscaled and used as input for a simulation of future river discharge from 2030 to 2050. The result showed that the combination of anthropogenic and climate change may result in a significant decrease of low flow in the Upper Citarum River Basin. This study underlines the importance of land cover and climate change factors for future infrastructure planning and management in the Upper Citarum River Basin.
PENERAPAN SISTEM PERINGATAN DINI SUNGAI KELAY UNTUK PENGAMANAN RESIKO BANJIR PADA PIT BLOK-7 TAMBANG BINUNGAN – PT BERAU COAL Tiara Andrianie Putri; Ahmad Baiquni; Muhammad Cahyono
Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI 2019: PROSIDING TEMU PROFESI TAHUNAN PERHAPI
Publisher : PERHAPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36986/ptptp.v1i1.113

Abstract

ABSTRAK Pit E dan Pit 7B West adalah Pit yang berada di Blok-7 Tambang Binungan PT Berau Coal yang berdekatan dengan bibir sungai. Kedua pit ini memiliki resiko tinggi terhadap potensi banjir luapan air sungai. Sungai Kelay termasuk kategori Sungai Besar karena memiliki luas daerah aliran sungai (DAS) 7,027km2 (500km2) dan panjang ±155 km. Seiring dengan peningkatan target produksi PT Berau Coal (PTBC) tahun 2019 maka, bukaan penambangan menuju kearah utara mendekati bibir sungai. Kondisi ini akan berpotensi meluapnya air Sungai Kelay menuju Pit Blok-7 karena menerima kiriman banjir dari hulu. Banjir yang terjadi di area penambangan akan mempengaruhi kondisi keselamatan dan operasional penambangan serta ketercapaian produksi PTBC pada tahun 2019 secara keseluruhan. Berdasarkan historis kejadian banjir di Pit Blok-7 yang terjadi pada bulan Juni tahun 2017, luapan banjir dari Sungai Kelay mencapai elevasi +8.3MRL. Arah aliran banjir melalui area rawa pada sisi utara Pit dan menggenangi Pit 7B West. Sistem mitigasi telah dibangun di akhir tahun 2017 dan selesai pada akhir tahun 2018. Sistem mitigasi ini mencakup pengambilan data batimetri, HEC-HMS, HEC-RAS hingga analisis Neural Network yang menghasilkan waktu prediksi banjir untuk setiap titik pantau terdekat Pit yang telah ditentukan. Waktu prediksi banjir akan digunakan sebagai waktu tenggang untuk evakuasi alat beserta manusia. Sistem ini didukung oleh pembangunan instrumen monitoring otomatis berupa Automatic Rain Gauge dan Automatic Water Level Recorder pada titik hulu dan hilir Sungai Kelay, sehingga mampu menghasilkan analisis yang lebih cepat dan akurat terhadap kondisi aktual di lapangan serta dapat menggambarkan daerah terdampak banjir untuk kala ulang 50 tahun dan rekomendasi geometri tanggul penahan banjir yang sesuai. Sistem mitigasi dibagi menjadi 4 kode berdasarkan sisa waktu evakuasi mulai dari aman hingga bahaya yaitu hijau (≥12h), kuning (≤12h), oranye (≤5h), dan merah(≤2h). Dalam keberjalanannya selama periode Des’18-Juli’19, ketinggian elevasi muka air Sungai Kelay beberapa kali melewati batas hijau dan kuning. Ketika kondisi ini terjadi, instrumen pemantauan secara otomatis mengirimkan peringatan melalui surel, sms, serta fitur whatsapp sesuai dengan peruntukan tingkatan peringatannya. Sistem mitigasi ini juga memberikan peringatan secara otomatis melalui alarm yang terpasang di Control Room. Dengan adanya notifikasi secara otomatis, informasi peringatan dapat tersampaikan dengan cepat sehingga proses evakuasi di lapangan dapat segera dilakukan sesuai prosedur mitigasi bencana banjir PT Berau Coal. Kata kunci: peringatan dini, mitigasi banjir, hec-hms, hec-ras, neural network ABSTRACT Pit E and Pit 7B West  are Pits located in Block-7 Binungan Mine Operation of PT Berau Coal which is adjacent to the river bank. The Pits have high risk of flood potential from the river. Kelay River belongs to the Great River category because the river basin area (DAS) is covering 7,027km2 (500km2) and the length of ± 155km. In line with the increase of PT Berau Coal's (PTBC) production target in 2019 resulting the advancement of Pits mining sequence towards the north approching the river bank. This condition will cause a high risk of overflowing the Kelay River water to Pit Block-7 especially when the heavy rain occurred in the upstream of the river. Flood that occurs inside the mining area will affect safety conditions of mining operations and the overall production achievements of PT Berau Coal in 2019. Historically, flood had been occurred in June, 2017 where the flood from Kelay River overflowed at +8.3 elevation through the swamp area in the north and inundated Pit 7B West. Thus, the mitigation system has built at the end of 2017 and completed by the end of 2018. The mitigation system covered from bathymetry data collection, HEC-HMS, HEC-RAS to Neural Network analysis which results the water elevation prediction for each predetermined monitoring station. This prediction time will be used as lag time for the evacuation of equipments and human. This system is also integrated with automatic monitoring instruments as off Automatic Rain Gauge and Automatic Water Level Recorder at the Kelay River’s upstream and downstream station. The overall system will generate fast and accurate analysis results based on actual condition, also describe affected flood area for 50 year return period, and recommendations for the appropriate flood embankment geometry in areas that need to be protected. Mitigation system is divided into 4 codes based on remaining evacuation time as off green(≥12h), yellow (≤12h), orange (≤5h), and red (≤2h). Along December 2018 to July 2019, several elevations were exceeded the green and yellow code. This event triggered the monitoring instrument to automatically sends warning notification via e-mail, message, and whatsapp. The system also provides an automatic warning through alarm installed in Control Room. With the automatic notifications, warning can be conveyed quickly to carry out field evacuation process immediately according to Flood Mitigation Procedure of PT Berau Coal. Keywords: early warning, flood mitigation, hec-hms, hec-ras, neural network
Higher-Order Finite Difference Scheme With TVD Filter Algorithm. Part 1: Simulations of Scalar Advective Dominant Problems. Muhammad Cahyono
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 29 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Sipil
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2022.29.2.1

Abstract

Abstract Engquist et al. (1989) proposed non-linear TVD filters. When combined with a traditional higher-order finite difference scheme, these filters can simulate shock or high concentration gradient problems with no spurious oscillations. Among the filter proposed is the filter algorithm 2.2. However, this algorithm flattens extrema that are not the results of overshooting and consequency the scheme reduces to a low order of accuracy locally around smooth extrema. Modification of the TVD filter algorithm 2.2 has been proposed in this paper to overcome this problem. Several conservative finite difference schemes are considered for testing the TVD filter.  Non-conservative schemes consisting of 4th and 6th -order Runge-Kutta method are also evaluated. The modified filter has been tested to simulate seven test cases, including a pure advection of scalar profiles, a pure advection with variable velocity, two inviscid burger equations, an advection-diffusion equation with variable velocity and dispersion, advection of three solid bodies in rotating fluid around a square of a side length of 2, and a two-dimensional advection-diffusion equation. The numerical experiments showed that applying the modified TVD filter, combined with the higher-order non-TVD finite difference schemes for solving the advection equation, can produce accurate solutions with no oscillations and no clipping effect extrema. Keywords : Non-Oscillatory schemes, TVD filter, advection, higher-order accurate Abstrak Engquist dkk. (1989) mengusulkan filter TVD non-linear. Ketika dikombinasikan dengan skema beda hingga orde tinggi tradisional, filter ini dapat mensimulasikan kejutan atau masalah gradien konsentrasi tinggi tanpa osilasi palsu. Di antara filter yang diusulkan adalah algoritma filter 2.2. Namun, algoritma ini meratakan ekstrem yang bukan merupakan hasil dari “overshooting” dan konsekuensinya skema tersebut direduksi ke tingkat akurasi yang rendah secara lokal di sekitar ekstrem halus. Modifikasi algoritma filter TVD 2.2 telah diusulkan dalam makalah ini untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Beberapa skema konservatif dipertimbangkan untuk menguji filter TVD. Skema non-konservatif metode Runge-Kutta orde ke-4 dan ke-6 juga dievaluasi. Filter yang dimodifikasi diuji untuk mensimulasikan tujuh kasus, termasuk adveksi murni profil skalar, adveksi murni dengan kecepatan bervariasi, dua persamaan burger inviscid, persamaan adveksi-difusi dengan kecepatan bervariasi dan dispersi, adveksi tiga benda padat berputar oleh aliran di bidang persegi dengan panjang sisi 2, dan persamaan adveksi-difusi dua dimensi. Eksperimen numerik menunjukkan bahwa penerapan filter TVD yang dimodifikasi, dikombinasikan dengan skema beda hingga non-TVD orde tinggi untuk menyelesaikan persamaan adveksi, dapat menghasilkan solusi yang akurat tanpa osilasi dan tanpa efek kliping Kata Kunci : skema tanpa osilasi, Filter TVD, advection, orde-akurasi tinggi